THE FEASIBILITY OF LEMON (CITRUS LEMON)AND WHITE VINEGAR

AS A COMPONENT OF MAKING A DISH WASHING LIQUID

Louisse Marie M.Tubiera

Regine May H.Rayo

Gheren B.Saparon

Thea Erl P.Ramas

Andrei V.Tipon

Rica S.Dumdum

STUDENTS RESEARCHERS

Reynaldo L.Huervana Jr.

RESEARCH TEACHER
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The lemon(citrus lemon)is a species of small evergreen trees in the flowering plant

family rutaceae,native to asia,,primarily northest india(Assam),northern myanmar or

china. The tree’s ellipsoidal yellow fruit is used for culinary and non-culinary

purposes throughout the world,primarily for it’s juice,which has both culinary and

cleaning uses.The pulp and rind are also used in cooking and baking.The juice of the

lemon is about 5% to 6% citric acid,with a pH of around 2.2,giving it a sour taste.The

distinctive sour taste of lemon juice makes it a key ingredient in drinks and foods such

as lemonade and lemon meringue pie.(Julia F.Morton,1987).

Lemons contains numerous phytochemichals,icluding pholepenols,terpenes,and

tannins. Lemon juice contains slightly more citric acid than lime juice,and about five

times the amount of citric acid found in orange juice.(Rauf A,Uddin G,Ali J,2014).

Lemon fruit(Citrus Limon)has various health-promoting effects such as suppression

of an increase in blood pressure and improvement of fat metabolism(Yoji

Kato,2018).It hase been used in some case to prevent the mouth thrist of patients in

hospitals(Kazuhiro Otsubo,2018).

White vinegar,sometimes called distilled or spirit vinegar,has been a mainstay in

households worldwide for thousand years.Standard white vinegar is a clear solution

generally containing 4-7% acetic acid and 93-96% water.(Ansley Hill,RD,LD,2018).

Some types of white vinegar can contain up to 20% acetic acid,but these are strictly

for agricultural or cleaning purpose and not intented for human consumption.

Historically,white vinegar has been produced from the fermentation of foods such as

sugar beets,potatoes,molasses or milk whey.Usually,the specific recipe depended on

which food items was not readily,available in a particular region.(Carol S.).

Today,most white vinegar is made from fermentation of grain alcohol(ethanol).This

kind of alcohol doesn’t naturally contain many nutrients,so other ingredients such as

yeast or phosphates may be added to kick start the bacterial fermentation process.

White vinegar may have significant health benefits due to its acidic acid

content,including blood sugar control,weight,management,reduced cholesterol and

antimicrobial properties. And white vinegar is also an affective cleaning tool for

multiple household surface. It can also be used to control weeds in your garden or

help cut flowers stay fresh.

MATERIALS

4 medium lemons

1 1/2 Plus 2 cups water

4 ounces white vinegar

1 cup kosher salt

METHODS

 Cut the lemon-including the pith and peel-into chunks about 1/4inch

thick.Remove all seeds.You should have about 2 cups worth.

 Place the lemons into a small saucepan with 1 1/2 cup of water

which can make it a potent cleaner,but it can make it too strong for some types of

cleaning,in which case you can dilute it with water or go with something milder,like

apple cider vinegar.

 Bring a boil slowly over medium heat and allow to simmer for about 20

minutes.There should be less water,and the mixture should be a little syrupy,with

the lemons very soft.Stir frequently,adding more water as needed.

 Pour the lemons and liquid into a blender and add the other 2 cups water.Blend at

the high setting until the mixture is very smooth.

 Strain the liquid back into the saucepan.

 Add the vinegar and salt and stir thoroughly.

 bring to a boil at a medium setting and cook for 10 to 15 minutes.The mixture

should thicken a little something like applesauce.

 Allow it to cool completely in the stir pan.Stir if you notice any crust forming on

the top(it will be due to the salt)

 Store in a glass container,it will make a gel.

 Use about 3 tablespoon for a large load.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of lemon and white vinegar on making

a dishwashing liquid.Depending on how many plates are there has stain to be

removed,it will test the effectively of the product.Specially,the study aims to

determine the antibacterial activity of lemon.

PROBLEM

A. Does the lemon have the ability to remove stain?

B. Does the lemon dish washing liquid can help the improvements of the cleanliness

and fragrance of the plate?

C. Does the lemon can successfully eliminate germs?

D. Does the lemon dish washing liquid will have a negative effect in dishwashers.
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY

Nowadays,were always buying our daily needs at the grocery stores even if they are

expensive,we always keep on buying them for us to use.Many things and Dish

washing Liquid is one of those.We use Dish washing Liquid sometimes to wash our

dishes or utensils.The purpose of this study is instead of buying much expensive dish

washing liquid made of chemicals we can use a organic dish washing liquid made by

lemon and vinegar.

HYPOTHESIS OF THE STUDY

There is no significant difference between the dish washing liquid compared to the

commercial dish washing liquid products in terms of appearance,texture,and aroma.

SIGNIFINANCE OF THE STUDY

This study is of significant to clean the plates by using native lemon and white

vinegar,without costing so much money and it is useful to people so they can clean

utensils by producing their homemade dish washing liquid.

SCOPE AND DELIMATION

This study aims to provide other people an alternative dish washing liquid product

which is less expensive,safer and more effective.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

DISHWASHING LIQUID-is a detergent used to assist in dish washing.It is usually

a highly-foaming mixture of surfactant with low skin irritation,and is primarily used

for hand washing of glasses,plates,cutlery,and cooking utensils in a skin or bowl.

FOAMING-Foaming is the continuous formation of bubbles which have sufficiently

high surface tension to remain as bubbles beyond the disengaging surface.

SURFACTANT- Surfactants may act as detergents,wetting agents, emulsifiers,

foaming agents, or disputants.

CUTLERY-Cutlery is used for cutting such as knives,spoon and forks.

UTENSILS- Utensils is an implement,instrument,or vessel used in a household and

specially a kitchen.

STAIN-A stain is a mark or discoloration,and to stain something is to mark it with

dirt or color it,either deliberately or accidentally.

DEPENDENT VARIABLE- Dish washing Liquid

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE- Lemon and Dish washing Liquid

CONTROLLED VARIABLE- Hot Water

REFERENCES

https://www.limoneira.com/diy-lemon-dishwashing-liquid/

https://www.britannica.com/plant/lemon

https://www.healthline.com/nutrition/white-vinegar

https://www.scribd.com/document/513628211/