Baguio City High School
Grade 10 Level
First Quarter-ARTS
Arts Movements in the 20th Century
IMPRESSIONISM
 The term sought to represent the viewer’s momentary
impression of an image.
 It was not intended to be clear or precise but more
like a fleeting fragment of reality caught on canvas,
sometimes in mid-motion, at other times awkward
positioned-just as it would be in real life.
Distinct Characteristics:
1. Color and Light
 Short broken strokes
 Pure unmixed colors side by side
 Freely brushed colors (convey visual effect)
2. Everyday Subjects
 Scenes of life
 Household objects
 Landscapes and Seascapes
 Houses, Cafes, Buildings
3. Painting Outdoors
 Previously, still life, portraits, and landscapes were
painted inside the studio. The impressionists found
that they could best capture the ever-changing
effects of light on color by painting outdoors in
natural light.
4. Open Composition
 Impressionist painting also moved away from the
formal, structured approach to placing and
positioning their subjects.
Examples:
 Impression Sunrise by: Claude Monet
 Starry Night by: Vincent Van Gogh
 Dancer by: Auguste Renoir
 Girl with a Watering Can by: Auguste Renoir
 Luncheon of the Boating Party by: Auguste Renoir
 Argentuil by: Edouard Manet
 Harlequin by: Paul Cezanne
Prominent Artists of the Movement
Oscar-Claude Monet
 Was a founder of French Impressionist painting, and
the most consistent and prolific practitioner of the
movement's philosophy of expressing one's
perceptions before nature, especially as applied to
plein-air landscape painting.
 Monet was considered the most influential figure in
the movement. Best known for his landscape
Edouard Manet (1832-1883)
 was one of the first 19th century artists to depict
modern-life subjects.
 He was a key figure in the transition from realism to
impressionism, with a number of his works
considered as marking the birth of modern art.
Paul Cézanne (1839–1906)
 was a French artist and post-impressionist painter.
His work exemplified the transition from late 19th-
century impressionism to a new and radically different
world of art in the 20th century—paving the way for
the next revolutionary art movement known as
expressionism.
Auguste Renoir
 One of the central figures of the impressionist
movement.
 Broke away from the impressionistic group to apply a
more disciplined, formal technique to portraits of
actual people and figure paintings
Vincent van Gogh (1853-1890)
 Was a post-impressionist painter from The
Netherlands.
 Van Gogh’s striking style was to have a far-reaching
influence on 20th century art, with his works
becoming among the most recognized in the world.
 His works were remarkable for their strong, heavy
brush strokes, intense emotions, and colors that
appeared to almost pulsate with energy.
EXPRESSIONISM (A Bold New Movement)
 Art works were created with more emotional force
rather than realistic or natural images. To achieve
this, they apply distorted outlines, strong colors, and
exaggerated forms.
Sub-Movements:
1. Neoprimitivism
 It was an art style that incorporated elements from the
native arts of the South Sea Islanders and the wood
carvings of African tribes which suddenly became
popular at that time. Among the Western artists who
adapted these elements was Amedeo Modigliani, who
used the oval faces and elongated shapes ofAfrican
art in both his sculptures and paintings.
 Example: Head
Amedeo Modigliani, c. 1913 (oil in canvas)
Yellow Sweater
Amedeo Modigliani, 1919 (stone)
2. Fauvism
 Uses bold, vibrant colors and visual distortions.
 Derived from les fauves (wild beasts), referring to the
group of French expressionists painters who painted
in this style. Among them is Henri Matise.
 Blu Window by: Henri Matise
3. Dadaism
 Characterized by dream fantasies, memory images,
and visual tricks and fantasies.
 The movement arouse from the pain that was felt
after the World War 1. Wishing to protest against the
civilization that had brought on such horrors, these
artist rebelled against established norms and
authorities and against the traditional styles of arts.
 From the child’s term for hobbyhorse-”dada”, to refer
to their new “non-style”.
 Example: I & The Village by: Mark Chagall
4. Surrealism
 Depicts an illogical subconscious dream world
beyond the logical, conscious, physical one.
 The name came from the term “super realism”, with
its artworks clearly expressing a departure from
reality-as though the artists were dreaming, seeing
illusions, or experiencing an altered mental state.
 Baguio City High School
Grade 10 Level
First Quarter-ARTS

 Mostly depicted gloomy or morbid state. Others were  Example: Magenta, Black, Green on Orange
playful and even humorous.
 Example: Persistence of Memory By: Salvador Dali POP ART

5. Social Realism Distinct Characteristics:

 Expresses the artist’s role in social reform.
 Artists here uses artworks to protest against
injustices, inequalities, immorality and ugliness of the
human condition.
 Example: Guernica by: Pablo Picasso
Guernica has been recognized as the most
monumental and comprehensive statement of social realism
against the brutality of war. Filling one wall of the Spanish
Pavilion at the 1937 World’s Fair in Paris, it was Picasso’s
outcry against the German air raid of the town of Guernica in
his native Spain.
ABSTRACTIONISM
 It had the same spirit of freedom of expression and
openness that characterized life in the 20th century,
but it differed from expressionism in certain ways.
 It was logical and rational. It involved analyzing,
detaching, selecting, and simplifying.
Sub-Movements:
1. Cubism
 Emerged at the same time with expressionism.
 It had the same spirit with of freedom of expression
and oneness that characterized life in the 20th
century, but it differed from expressionism in certain
ways.
 This is rational and logical while expressionism is
emotional.
 Artworks were a play of planes and angles on a flat
surface.
 Example: The Three Musicians by: Pablo Picasso
2. Futurism
 Arts were created for a fast-paced, machine-propelled
age.
 Example: Armored Train by: Gino Soberini
1. Range of Work
 From painting, to posters, collages, 3D assemblages,
and installations.
2. Inspirations/Subjects
 Advertisements, celebrities, billboards, and comic
strips.
Example: Whaam by: Roy Lichtenstein
OP ART
Distinct Characteristics:
1. A form of action painting with the action taking place in the
viewer’s eye.
2. As the eye moved over a diff. segments of the image,
perfectly stable components appeared to shift back and forth.
Example: Current by:Bridget Riley
CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
1. Installation Art
 Uses sculptural materials and other media to modify
the viewer’s experience in a particular space.
 Usually life size or even larger. Installation can be
constructed in everyday public or private spaces both
indoor and outdoor.
 Example: Cordillera Labyrinth by: Robert Villanueva
2. Performance Art
 The actions of the performers may constitute work. It
can happen any time at any place for any length of
time.
 It may include activities such as theater, dance,
music, mime, juggling, and gymnastics.

3. Mechanical Style
 The result of the futurist movement. Basic forms such
as planes, cones, spheres, and cylinders all fit Prepared by:
together precisely and neatly in their appointed
places. Lanie B. Dalingay
 Example: The City by: Fernand Leger

4. Non-objectivism
 Do not use figures.
 Example: New York City by: Piet Mondrian

ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM

Sub-Movements:
1. Action Painting
 The techniques could be splattering, squirting, and
dribbling paint with no pre-planned design.
 Autumn Rhythm by: Jackson Pollock

2. Color Field Painting

 Uses different color saturations to create desired
effects.