Fluid Machinery IM#3

Republic of the Philippines
NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

Bambang, Nueva Vizcaya
INSTRUCTIONAL MODULE
IM No3.: MECH05-2S-2021-2022
College: ENGINEERING
Campus: BAMBANG
DEGREE Bachelor of Science in COURSE NO.

PROGRAM Mechanical Engineering
SPECIALIZATION N/A COURSE FLUID MACHINERY
TITLE
YEAR LEVEL BSME 4 TIME FRAME 6 WK NO. 5-6 IM NO. 3
I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE: Chapter 3
II. LESSON TITLE: Centrifugal Pumps
III. LESSON OVERVIEW: Introduction
Lesson 3 presents the kinds of pumps, particularly the different classes of centrifugal pumps
based on specific speed. It also explains the characteristics and performance curves of centrifugal
pumps; pump specific speed; basic laws for similar pumps; and affinity laws. Sample problems follow
the discussion each topic.
IV. DESIRED LEARNING OUTCOMES:
1. Enumerate the different classifications of pumps

2. Enumerate the characteristics of centrifugal pumps
3. Define pump specific speed and enumerate its uses.
4. Specify the types of centrifugal pumps based on specific speed
5. Derive the equation of specific speed of centrifugal pumps for both English and SI Units
6. Calculate the capacity, speed, head and brake power of similar pumps
7. Determine the capacity, speed, head and break power of the pump using affinity laws and
8. Solve problems related in Centrifugal pumps
V. LESSON CONTENT:
Definition of terms and other useful information

Pumps are machines used to add energy to liquids in order to transfer it from one point to another point
of higher energy level.
KINDS OF PUMPS
1. Dynamic pumps are pumps which energy is continuously added to increase the fluid velocities within the
machine to values greater than those occurring at the discharge. Subsequent velocity reduction within or
beyond the pump produces a pump pressure increase. These are pumps generally used to transfer large
volume of pressures that are relatively low.
2. Displacement pumps are pumps in which energy level is periodically added by application of force to one
or more movable boundaries of any desired number of enclosed fluid-containing volumes, resulting in a
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direct increase in pressure up to the value required to move a fluid through valves or port into the
discharge line.
These pumps are:
• Desired to provide a given amount of fluid to a system for each of the pump.
• Made with very close clearances between moving or rotating and stationary parts to minimize
the flow back through pump or slip
• Able to pump against high pressure but the volumetric efficiency is low.
Displacement pumps should be protected with relief valves to prevent damage from overpressure.
CLASSES OF DYNAMIC PUMPS

I. Centrifugal pumps
A. Volute-type pumps
1. Single suction pump
a. Single stage pump
i. Non-self-priming
ii. Self-priming
iii. Submersible pumps
b. Multi stage pump
i. Non-Self-priming pump
ii. Self-Priming pump
iii. Submersible pump
2. Double suction pump
i. Non submersible pump
ii. Submersible pump
b. Multi stage pump
i. Non submersible pump
ii. Submersible pump
B. Diffuser type pumps
1. Single suction pump
i. Non-self-priming
ii. Self-priming
b. Multi stage pump
2. Double suction pump
b. Multi stage pump
C. Mixed flow type pump
1. Volute type pump
a. single stage pump
b. Multi stage pump
2. Diffuser Type pump
b. Multi stage pump
D. Axial flow type pumps
1. Closed impeller
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b. Multi stage pump

2. Open Impeller type pumps
a. Single stage type pumps
i. Fixed pitch
ii. Variable pitch
b. Multi stage pump
i. Fixed pitch
ii. Variable pitch
II. Special effect pumps
A. Jet (ejector)
B. Gas lift
C. Hydraulic ram
D. Electromagnetic
CLASSES OF DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
I. RECIPROCATION PUMPS
A. A piston and a plunger type reciprocating pump
1. Steam or direct acting – Double acting pumps
a. Simplex
b. Duplex
2. Power or indirect acting pumps
a. Single acting type pumps
i. Simplex pumps
ii. Duplex pumps
iii. Triplex pumps
iv. Multiplex pumps
B. Diaphragm type pumps
1. Simplex pumps
a. Fluid operated type
b. Mechanically operated type
2. Multiplex type pumps
a. Fluid operated type
b. Mechanically operated type
II. Rotary pumps
A. Single rotor type pumps
1. Vane type pumps
2. Piston type pumps
3. Flexible member type pumps
4. Screw type pumps
5. Peristaltic type pumps
B. Multi rotor type pumps
1. Gear type pumps
2. Lobe type pumps
3. Circumferential piston type pumps
4. Screw type pumps

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FLUID COUPLING
Fluid coupling can be loosely used to describe any device utilizing fluid to transmit power
CATEGORIES OF FLUID COUPLING
1. Hydrokinetic
2. Hydrodynamic
3. Hydro viscous
4. Hydrostatic
TYPICAL PUMPING INSTALLATION
The following figure shows a typical installation of a pumping system. The check valve is normally installed at
the discharge side near the pump, the gate valve is installed after the check valve.
CATEGORIES OF PUMPS
1. Reciprocating pump is used for low discharge, high head, low speed and self-priming operation.
2. A centrifugal pump is used for high discharge, low head, high speed and not self-priming operations.
3. A rotary pump is used for low discharge, low-head operation, and for pumping viscous liquid like oil.
The types of rotary pumps are
a. Gear pump
b. Screw pump
c. Vane pump
d. Cam pump
4. A turbine pump is used for pumping water with high suction lift, and for pumping condensate
5. A jet pump (injector) is used for pumping boiler feed water and as an accessory for a centrifugal pump
SPECIAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF PUMPS BASED ON SUCTION LIFT

1. Shallow well pump as a turbine pump used for suction lift up to 22ft (figure 3.2)
2. Jet deep well pump is a centrifugal pump with injector, for suction lift up to 120 ft (figure 3.3)
3. Turbine pump is a deep well pump used for heads up to 1000 ft and for capacities up to 7000 gpm
(figure 3.4)
4. Submersible motor pump is a deep well pump used for heads up to 8000 ft (figure 3.5)

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CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
The centrifugal pump is a machine in which the pumping action is accomplished by imparting kinetic
energy to the fluid through a high-speed revolving impeller with vanes, and subsequently converting this kinetic
energy into pressure energy either by passing the fluid through a volute casing or through diffuser vanes.
BASIC PARTS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
• The impeller imparts velocity to the liquid resulting from the centrifugal force as the impeller is rotated.
• The casing gives direction to the flow from the impeller, and converts this velocity energy into pressure
energy that is usually measured in feet of head.
• The shaft transmits power from the driver to the impeller

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• The stuffing box is a means of throttling the leakage that would otherwise occur at the point of entry of
the shaft into the casing. This is not a separate part of the pump, but is made up of group of small details
as follows:
- Packing is the most common means of throttling the leakage between the inside and outside the
casing
- Gland is used to position and adjust packing pressure
- Seal gauge, also called the water seal or lantern ring, provides passage to distribute the sealing
medium uniformly around the portion of the shaft that passes through the stuffing box.
- Mechanical seal provides a mechanical sealing arrangement that takes the place of the packing.
• The shaft sleeve protects the shaft where it passes through the stuffing box. It is used in pump with
packing but often eliminated if mechanical seals are employed.
• The wearing rings keep the internal recirculation down to a minimum. Having these rings as replaceable
wearing surfaces permits renewal of clearances to keep pump efficiencies high. On small types, only one
ring is used in the casing, and on larger sizes companion rings are used in the casing and on the impeller.
• The bearings accurately locate shaft and carry radial and thrust load
• The frame is used to mount unit rigidly and support the bearings
• The coupling connects the pump to the driver.

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PUMP BREAK POWER AND POWER LOSSES

Figure 3.6 illustrates the schematic diagram of pump power, water or theoretical power, and power losses.
BP = WP + PLosses = WP +DFP + MO +HYP

Where:
BP = Brake power, KW
PLosses = power losses, KW
WP = Water power, or fluid power, KW
DFP = Power required to overcome disk friction, KW
MP = Power required to overcome mechanical losses, KW
LP = Power required to overcome leakage, KW
HYP = Power required to overcome hydraulic losses, KW
POWER LOSSES
1. Mechanical Losses include frictional losses in the bearing and packing box it is difficult to predict these
losses exactly so they are usually taken to be 2% to 4% of the BP.
2. Disk friction is the power required to rotate a disk in a fluid. This power is transformed into heat that
may increase the temperature of the fluid.
3. Hydraulic losses are losses on friction and turbulence.
4. Leakage loss lowers the capacity (lps), therefore, increasing the BP. To prevent leaking, close
clearance labyrinth sealing or wearing rings are used.
PUMP EFFICIENCY
Pump efficiency, Ɛ, is the ratio of the pump theoretical power to the pump break power.
Ɛ = WP/BP

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CHARATERISTICS OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

• Centrifugal pumps employ centrifugal force to lift liquids from lower level to higher level
• Liquid flows from impeller at high speed that it must be efficiently converted into pressure.
• They are considered as one of the most popular pumps because of their simplicity, low cost, and ability
to operate under a wide variety of conditions
• They are adapted to operate under practically any head up to several thousand feet.
• They handle liquids at most any temperature up to 1000ᵒF
• They operate at a speed that are standard for electric motors and turbines.
Important features:
- Flow from it is continuous
- Its discharge can be throttled without the pump’s building up an excessive pressure or overloading
its driving unit.
TYPES OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
1. Volute type – single stage and multi stage
2. Diffuser type – single stage and multi stage
3. Peripheral turbine
4. Mixed flow
5. Propeller or axial flow type
Volute type centrifugal pump

- Conversion of speed or velocity head into pressure head is performed by spiral casing not provided
with a guide vane
- The impeller discharges into a progressively expanding spiral case
- The casing is portioned so as to produce equal velocity flow all around its circumference and to
reduce gradually the velocity of the liquid as it flows from the impeller to the discharge, thus
changing velocity head into pressure head.
Diffuser type centrifugal pump

- Conversion of velocity head into pressure head is performed by a guide vane installed with the
impeller.
- The runner of the pump is surrounded by gradually expanding passages formed by a stationary
guide vane.
- Velocity head is converted into pressure head before the water enters the volute
- Efficiency is slightly higher than that of the volute type
- The added cost and more complicated construction are generally not considered justified except in
large high-pressure pumps.
- It is sometimes called or referred to as “turbine pump”, since its construction is similar to that of the
hydraulic turbine, but it operates in reverse.
SUCTION TYPES: Single suction and Double suction
When single suction is insufficient to move a large volume of liquid, two impellers are
used back to back, and suction occurs on both sides. This, then, is the double suction type. Double
suction improves the efficiency, and the axial thrust, in theory, Balance. However, because of
structural complications, double suction is not used in other volute-type pumps.
TYPES OF IMPELLERS FOR A SINGLE-SUCTION, SINGLE STAGE, VOLUTE TYPE

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
1. Enclosed impeller
• The vanes are supported between two disk or shrouds so as to form closed passage between
them.
• The impeller is efficient with minimal spread of performance between units.
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• Liquid containing foreign matter cannot be handled at all. This is used only for fresh water.
2. Semi open impeller
• Spread of performance between units is higher than that of the closed impeller.
• Liquid containing slight amounts of foreign matter can be handled without clogging.
CLASSIFICATIONS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP
1. Radial type impeller pump

• Head is developed largely by the action of centrifugal force
• Used for medium and high heads, above or about 150 ft.
• A conventional type of impeller
• Used in practically all multistage machines
• Range of specific speed is between 500 to 3000
• The ratio of discharge diameter to inlet eye diameter is 2.0
2. Francis type impeller pump

• Used for lower heads
• Ratio of discharge diameter to the inlet eye diameter is less than 2.0
• Operates at a speed higher than that of conventional impeller.
• Specific speed is from 1500 to 4500
• May also be made double suction
3. Mixed flow type impeller pump

• Head is developed by the centrifugal force and partly by the push of the vane.
• Discharge is partly radial and partly axial; this is the reason for the name mixed flow.
• Mean discharge diameter is usually almost equal to the eye inlet diameter.
• Specific speed is between 4500 and 8000
4. Propeller type impeller

• Head is developed due to the push of the vanes
• Flow is almost entirely axial
• Specific speed is greater than 8000
• Used for low heads (3 to 40 ft.)
• Not suitable for high lifts.
5. Multi staging pump

• Used if the head developed becomes to great for a single stage
• Impellers are usually of radial type
• Specific speed is taken to be the specific speed at any stage.
• Flow all through stages are the same.
• Total head is usually equally divided among the stages.
SPECIFIC SPEEDS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS
- Specific Speed Ns is the speed in rpm at which geometrically similar pumps impellers operate to
develop one foot of head when discharging one gallon per minute.
- All wheels with the same specific speed have the same efficiency except for variations due to
viscosity of the fluids.

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Formula:
𝑁√𝑄
1. English Unit, N = 𝐻 0.75
Where, NS = specific speed, rpm
N = pump speed, rpm
Q = Pump capacity, gpm
H = (HT/n) = Pump head per stage, ft.
HT = Total head of the pump, ft
n = number of stages
𝑁√𝑄
2. SI Unit, Ns = (51.65523641) ( )
𝐻 0.75
Where:
NS = specific speed, rpm
N = pump speed, rpm
Q = Pump capacity, m3/s
H = (HT/n) = Pump head per stage, m.
HT = Total head of the pump, m
n = number of stages
Uses of specific speed,

1. To classify pumps
a. Radial type
b. Francis type
c. Mixed-flow type
d. Propeller or axial type
2. To determine the pump efficiency
Examples:
1. Determine the specific speeds of the following single stage pumps and specify the type of pump that
would probably be used for each:
PUMP RPM CAPACITY TOTAL HEAD, FT

A 1150 3500 100
B 885 12000 15
C 675 20000 50
D 625 9000 18
Solution:
𝑁√𝑄 1150√3500
1. For pump A, Ns = = = 2150 rpm
𝐻 0.75 1000.75
Pump type: Francis type (1500 to 4500)
𝑁√𝑄 885√12000
2. For pump B, Ns = = = 12720 rpm
𝐻 0.75 150.75
Pump type: propeller type (Ns > 8000)
𝑁√𝑄 675√20000
3. For pump C, Ns = = = 5080 rpm
𝐻 0.75 500.75
Pump type: Mixed flow type (4500 to 8000)
𝑁√𝑄 625√9000
4. For pump D, Ns = = = 6780 rpm
𝐻 0.75 180.75
Pump type: Mixed flow type (4500 to 8000)
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2. A six-stage pump delivers 1500 gpm against a net pressure rise of 700 psi. What is the specific speed if
it rotates 1750 rpm?
Given: 6 stage pumps; Net pressure rise = 700 psi; N= 1750 rom
Required: The specific speed
Solution:
𝑖𝑛2
(700 𝑝𝑠𝑖 )(144 )
𝑃 𝑓𝑡2
Solving for the total head, HT = = = 1,615.4 ft
𝛾 62.4 𝑙𝑏/𝑓𝑡 3
𝐻𝑇 1615.4
Then, head per stage, H = = = 269.23 ft
𝑛 6
𝑁√𝑄 1750√1500
For the specific speed, Ns = = = 1020 rpm
𝐻 0.75 269.23 0.75
CHARACTERISTIC CURVES
• Characteristic performance curves for centrifugal pumps are shown in Figure 3.7. These curves
are shown for a rpm. Changing the pump speed will result in similar curves, with the head capacity
curve shifting up or down when the speed increases or decreases, respectively.
• When a pump with performance curve such as ones illustrated below is installed in a piping
system, its operating point is determined by the so-called system resistance of the piping and the
valves and fittings.
PUMP BASIC LAW
Pump basic laws are derived using the principles of dynamic similarity and dimensional analysis.
These laws only hold true at differing operating conditions as long as the pump efficiency is constant.

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RELATION OF PUMP CHARACTERISTICS FOR SIMILAR PUMPS

𝑄
1. Relation of Q, N & D3, → = Constant
𝑁𝐷3 Where:
𝑄1 𝑄2
▪ For two similar pumps, → = 𝑁2𝐷23 1 denotes the first pump
𝑁1𝐷13
𝐻 2 denotes the second or the other
2. Relation of H, N2 & D2 → = Constant pump
𝑁 2 𝐷2
𝐻1 𝐻2 Q = pump capacity, gpm, lps, m3/s
▪ For two similar pumps, → =
𝑁12 𝐷12 𝑁22 𝐷22 N = pump speed, rpm
𝑁 √𝑄
3. Relation of N, Q1/2 & H3/4, → = Constant D = Impeller diameter, in, ft, m
𝐻 0.75
𝑁1√𝑄1 𝑁2√𝑄2 H = pump head per stage, m
▪ For two similar pumps, =
𝐻10.75 𝐻20.75
AFFINITY LAWS
Affinity laws are used to predict the performance of a pump when operating at a speed other than at
which it is tested.
1. Variation of impeller speed or change in speed without changing the impeller diameter,
𝑄2 𝑁2
• The capacity varies as the speed, Q = N, =
𝑄1 𝑁1
Where: Q1 = Capacity of pump at speed N1, gpm, m3/s, lps
Q2 = Capacity of pump at speed N2, gpm, m3/s, lps
N1= Capacity of pump at which characteristics are known, rpm
N2 = The desired new speed.
• The head varies as the square of the head, H = N2

𝐻2 𝑁2 2
=( )
𝐻1 𝑁1
Where: H1 = Head at speed N1, rpm
H2 = head at desired speed N2 for capacity Q2, ft, m
• The brake Hp or brake power varies as the as the cube of the speed, P = N 3
𝑃2 𝑁2 3
=( )
𝑃1 𝑁1
General relation:
𝑵𝟐 𝑸𝟐 𝑯𝟐 𝟑 𝑷𝟐
= = √ = √
𝑵𝟏 𝑸𝟏 𝑯𝟏 𝑷𝟏
2. Variation of impeller diameter or changing the impeller diameter without changing the speed
If the impeller diameter is cut, at the same speed, the pumps characteristics will have a definite relation
to its original characteristics.
• The capacity of the pump varies with the impeller diameter, Q = D

𝑫𝟐 𝑸𝟐
=
𝑫𝟏 𝑸𝟏
Where: D2 = cut down diameter of impeller, in, cm, mm

D1 = original diameter of the impeller
• The head varies as the square of the impeller diameter, H = D2

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𝑯𝟐 𝑫𝟐 𝟐
=( )
𝑯𝟏 𝑫𝟏
• The brake power varies as the cube of the impeller diameter, P = D 3

𝑷𝟐 𝑫𝟐 𝟑
=( )
𝑷𝟏 𝑫𝟏
General relation:
𝑫𝟐 𝑸𝟐 𝑯𝟐 𝟑 𝑷𝟐
= = √ = √
𝑫𝟏 𝑸𝟏 𝑯𝟏 𝑷𝟏
Examples:
3. A DC motor-driven pump running at 100 rpm delivers 500 gpm of water against a total pumping head of
90 ft with a pump efficiency of 60%
a. What motor Hp is required?
b. What speed and capacity would result if the pump rpm is increased to produce a pumping head of
120 ft assuming there is no change in efficiency?
c. Can a 25 Hp motor be used under conditions indicated in item B?
Given:
A DC motor-driven geometrically similar centrifugal pumps
N1 = 100 rpm; H1 = 90 ft; Q1 = 500 gpm; 𝜂 = 60%
Required:
a. The Hp required
b. The speed and capacity that would result if the pump rpm were increased to produce a pumping head
of 120 ft assuming there is no change in efficiency.
c. Can a 25 Hp motor be used under conditions indicated in item b?
Solution:
a. For pump Hp,
𝑃1 = (𝜌𝑔𝑄1𝐻1)/33000𝜂
𝑙𝑏
(8.33 )(500 𝑔𝑝𝑚)(90 𝑓𝑡.)
𝑔𝑎𝑙
P1 = = 19 Hp, Use 20 Hp
33000(0.60)
b. For the resulting speed and capacity, using the equation for geometrically similar pumps,
𝐻2 𝑁2 2
▪ Solving for N2, = (𝑁1)
𝐻1
𝐻 120
N2 = N 1 √𝐻2 = (100)√ 90 = 115 rpm
1

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𝑄
▪ Solving for Q2, = C; Q1/Q2 = N1/N2
𝑁𝐷3
Q2 = (500) (115/100) = 575 gpm
c. For the Hp at Q2 and H2,

𝑙𝑏
(8.33 )(575 𝑔𝑝𝑚)(120 𝑓𝑡.)
𝑔𝑎𝑙
𝑃2 = (𝜌𝑔𝑄1𝐻1)/33000𝜂 = = 29.03 ft.
33000(0.60)
𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆, 𝒂 𝟐𝟓 𝑯𝒑 𝒎𝒐𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒂𝒏𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒃𝒆 𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒃𝒆𝒄𝒂𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝟐𝟗. 𝟎𝟑 𝑯𝒑 > 𝟐𝟓 𝑯𝒑
PUMP COMBINATIONS AND ARRANGEMENTS

1. Pump in series - an arrangement of two or more identical pumps used to increase the head with the
same discharge.
Pump Capacity: QT = Q1 = Q2
Pump head: HT = H1 = H2
𝑯√𝑸
Pump specific speed: Ns = 𝑯 𝟎.𝟕𝟓
( 𝒏𝒔𝑻 )
Where: QT = Total discharge pump capacity, lps, m3/s

HT = Total pump head, ft, m
Ns = Specific speed of the arrangement, rpm
ns = number pumps in series
• Two pumps in series is the equivalent of a two single stage pump.
2. Pumps in parallel – an arrangement of two or more identical pumps used to increase discharge with the
same head.
Pump Capacity: QT = Q1 + Q2
Pump head: HT = H1 + H2

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𝑸
𝑵√𝒏 𝑻
𝑷
Pump specific speed, NS = 𝟎.𝟕𝟓
(𝑯𝑻 )
Example 4.
A pump is to discharge 10 m3/s at a head of 5 m when receiving at 300 rpm,
a. What type of pump will be required?
b. Suppose that the required speed is 350 rpm and mixed flow type is to be used, what could be
done?
Given: A centrifugal pump

Q = 10 m3/s ; H = 5 m; N= 300 rpm
Required:
a. The pump type.
b. If N= 350 rpm and the pump is mixed flow type, specify the pump arrangement.
Solution:
a. Solving for the pump type
𝑁√𝑄 300√10
Ns = (51.65523641) ( ) = (51.65523641) ( ) = 14655.75 rpm
𝐻 0.75 50.75
- Therefore, use a single suction, single stage, axial flow type pump.
b. Considering a new condition,

For a mixed flow type pump, Ns = 40000 to 80000
Lowering the numerator to decrease Ns
▪ Trial no. 1: Use a double suction type pump
𝑁√𝑄 359√10/2
Ns = (51.65523641) ( ) = (51.65523641) ( ) = 12 090.38 rpm
𝐻 0.75 50.75
- Not applicable for a mixed flow type
▪ Trial no. 2: Use 5 pumps in parallel
𝑁√𝑄 359√10/5
Ns = (51.65523641) ( ) = (51.65523641) ( ) = 7646.63 rpm
𝐻 0.75 50.75
Therefore, use five identical pumps in parallel, single suction, mixed flow type
pumps in parallel.
VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES:
QUIZ NO.3
Choose the letter that represents the correct answer:

1. The range of specific speed of a Francis type centrifugal pump
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a. 5000 to 3000 rpm

b. 1500 to 4500 rpm
c. Greater than 8000 rpm
d. None of the above
2. The ratio of the discharge diameter to the inlet eye diameter of impeller for Francis type centrifugal pump
a. Equal to 2
b. Less than 2
c. More than 2
3. A francis type centrifugal is used for
a. Medium and high heads
b. Lower head, 3 to 40 ft
c. More than 40 ft head
4. A type of pump with head developed by the centrifugal force and partly by the push of the vane
a. Rotary pump
b. Centrifugal pump
c. Reciprocating pump
d. Mixed flow type pump
5. A type of pump with specific speed greater than 8000 rpm
a. Radial type pump
b. Axial flow type pump
c. Francis type pump
d. Mixed flow type pump
6. The range of specific speed of a radial type pump
a. 5000 to 3000 rpm
b. 1500 to 4500 rpm
c. Greater than 8000 rpm
7. A pump used for pumping water with high suction lift and used for piping condensate,
a. Turbine pump
b. Francis type pump
c. Propeller type pump
8. The type of pump operating with the speed of 1150 rpm, capacity of 3500 gpm, and total head of 100 ft.
a. Radial type pump
b. Francis type pump
c. Propeller type pump
d. None pf the above
9. The specific speed of a six-stage pump which delivers 1500 gpm of head 1615.4 ft with the speed of
1750 rpm.
a. 1200 rpm
b. 1020 rpm
c. 1500 rpm
10. A 10-stage pump is used to lift water for a total head of 280 m, a capacity of 100 lps, and a speed of 600
rpm. The pump type is,
a. Radial flow
b. Mixed flow
c. Francis type
d. Axial flow or propeller type
11. A mixed flow type pump operating at 600 rpm and delivering 946 lps has a specific speed of 4750 rpm.
If the pump speed is increased by 400 rpm, its capacity is increased to
a. 1000.67
b. 1150.45
c. 1450.27
IM No3.: MECH05-2S-2021-2022
d. 1576.67
12. What is the new brake power of a pump mentioned in item 11 if its efficiency is 78%?
a. 139.75 kW
b. 646.97 kW
c. 466.97 kW
d. 319.75 kW
13. Determine the efficiency of a pump if its capacity is 360 lps, head is 61.7 m, and brake power is 257.4
kW.
a. 85.45%
b. 88.35%
c. 84.65%
d. 86.45%
14. In a centrifugal pump, which is true?
a. The pumping action is accomplished by imparting kinetic energy to the fluid by a high-speed revolving
impeller with vanes.
b. The pumping action is accomplished by back and forth movement of the vanes.
c. The pumping action is accomplished by adding energy to the plunger.
d. Pumping action depends on the size of impeller
15. It is a vertical turbine pump with the pump and the motor closed-coupled and designed to be installed
underground, as in the case of a deep well pump.
a. Booster pump
b. Vertical shaft turbine
c. Submersible pump
d. Centrifugal pump.
VII. EVALUATION (Note: Not to be included in the student’s copy of the IM)
VIII. ASSIGNMENT: Read, Analyze and Solve the problems stated below. Submit the assignment on
or before the deadline.
1. A centrifugal pump, driven by a DC motor, running at 100 rpm delivers 500 gpm of water against a total
pumping head of 75 ft. with a pump efficiency of 68%.
a. Specify the motor Hp required
b. Determine the resulting pump speed and capacity if the pump rpm is increased to produce a
pumping head of 110 ft assuming the efficiency remains the same.
c. Can a 15 hp motor be used under this condition indicated in item b?
2. A plant has installed a single suction centrifugal pump with a discharge of 68 m 3/hr under 60 m head
and running at 1200 rpm. It is proposed that another pump be installed with double suction but of the
same type to operate at 30 m head and delivers 90 m3/hr. determine the following,
a. Speed of the proposed pump
b. Brake power of the existing and the proposed pumps assuming that the efficiency is 82%
c. Impeller diameter of the proposed pump if the diameter of the existing pump is 150 mm
d. Type of the pump.
IX. REFERENCES:
Francisco, Jose R. (2007) Guidebook in Fluid Machinery. C & E Publishing, Inc. 1672 Quezon Avenue.

IM No3.: MECH05-2S-2021-2022
Disclaimer: this document does not claim any originality and cannot be used as a substitute for prescribed textbooks. The information presented here is merely collection
by the faculty member for his/her respective teaching assignments. Various sources as mentioned at the end of the document as well as freely available material from
internet were consulted for preparing this document. The ownership of the information lies with the respective authors or institutions. Further, this document is not
intended to use for commercial purpose and the faculty member is not accountable from any issues, legal or otherwise, arising out of use of this document. The faculty
member makes no possible representation or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this document and specifically disclaim any
implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.


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Republic of the Philippines

NUEVA VIZCAYA STATE UNIVERSITY

DEGREE Bachelor of Science in COURSE NO.

I. UNIT TITLE/CHAPTER TITLE: Chapter 3

II. LESSON TITLE: Centrifugal Pumps

III. LESSON OVERVIEW: Introduction

1. Enumerate the different classifications of pumps

Definition of terms and other useful information

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 1 of 18

These pumps are:

CLASSES OF DYNAMIC PUMPS

b. Multi stage pump

CLASSES OF DISPLACEMENT PUMPS

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 3 of 18

SPECIAL CLASSIFICATIONS OF PUMPS BASED ON SUCTION LIFT

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 4 of 18

BASIC PARTS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 5 of 18

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 6 of 18

PUMP BREAK POWER AND POWER LOSSES

BP = WP + PLosses = WP +DFP + MO +HYP

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 7 of 18

CHARATERISTICS OF A CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

Volute type centrifugal pump

Diffuser type centrifugal pump

SUCTION TYPES: Single suction and Double suction

TYPES OF IMPELLERS FOR A SINGLE-SUCTION, SINGLE STAGE, VOLUTE TYPE

2. Semi open impeller

CLASSIFICATIONS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

1. Radial type impeller pump

2. Francis type impeller pump

3. Mixed flow type impeller pump

4. Propeller type impeller

5. Multi staging pump

SPECIFIC SPEEDS OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMPS

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 9 of 18

Uses of specific speed,

PUMP RPM CAPACITY TOTAL HEAD, FT

PUMP BASIC LAW

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 11 of 18

RELATION OF PUMP CHARACTERISTICS FOR SIMILAR PUMPS

• The head varies as the square of the head, H = N2

• The capacity of the pump varies with the impeller diameter, Q = D

Where: D2 = cut down diameter of impeller, in, cm, mm

• The head varies as the square of the impeller diameter, H = D2

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 12 of 18

• The brake power varies as the cube of the impeller diameter, P = D 3

A DC motor-driven geometrically similar centrifugal pumps

N1 = 100 rpm; H1 = 90 ft; Q1 = 500 gpm; 𝜂 = 60%

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 13 of 18

c. For the Hp at Q2 and H2,

𝑻𝒉𝒆𝒓𝒆𝒇𝒐𝒓𝒆, 𝒂 𝟐𝟓 𝑯𝒑 𝒎𝒐𝒕𝒐𝒓 𝒄𝒂𝒏𝒏𝒐𝒕 𝒃𝒆 𝒖𝒔𝒆𝒅 𝒃𝒆𝒄𝒂𝒖𝒔𝒆 𝟐𝟗. 𝟎𝟑 𝑯𝒑 > 𝟐𝟓 𝑯𝒑

PUMP COMBINATIONS AND ARRANGEMENTS

Where: QT = Total discharge pump capacity, lps, m3/s

• Two pumps in series is the equivalent of a two single stage pump.

NVSU-FR-ICD-05-00 (081220) Page 14 of 18

Given: A centrifugal pump

b. Considering a new condition,

▪ Trial no. 1: Use a double suction type pump

▪ Trial no. 2: Use 5 pumps in parallel

VI. LEARNING ACTIVITIES:

Choose the letter that represents the correct answer:

a. 5000 to 3000 rpm