DEVELOPMENT OF TEST FACILITY

AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS

SUBMERSIBLE PUMP
1
Tejas Kale, 2Shridhar Zambare, 3Sourabh Mithbavkar, 4 Santosh Palav
1
Department of Mechanical Engineering,
1
Name of organization of Finolex Acadmy of Manegment & Techanolgy, Ratnagiri, India
_____________________________________________________________________________________________

Abstract : A submersible pump is a device which has a hermetically sealed motor close-coupled to the pump body.
The whole assembly is submerged in the fluid to be pumped. The main advantage of this type of pump is that it
prevents pump cavitation, a problem associated with a high elevation difference between pump and the fluid surface.
Submersible pumps push fluid to the surface as opposed to jet pumps having to pull fluids. Submersibles are more
efficient than jet pumps. Submersible pumps are found in many applications. Single stage Applications pumps are
used for drainage, sewage

1.Introduction
The pump is coupled with an electric motor. The shape of the pump and motor is cylindrical which makes it easy to
be fitted in drilled bore in the earth. The pump remains dipped in water due to which there will not be any suction
trouble. Submersible pump is used for continuous discharge of water in quantity as well as for high heads
A pump is a device or an apparatus used for conveying a fluid from one point to other, usually
through a pipe. A pump may, therefore, be defined as a mechanical device which translates the mechanical energy
imparted to it from an external source (electric motor, diesel engine or even manual energy) into hydraulic energy in
the fluid handled by it. As a consequence, the energy level of fluid handled by the pump or flowing through the
pump is augmented, making it possible for the fluid to move from a lower level to a higher level, against gravity and
friction. In submersible motor pump sets, both pump and the unusually long, small diameter motor are installed
deep inside the tube well so that suction lift is minimized which make it possible to lift water from depths as low as
450 metres. These pumps are essentially single or multistage centrifugal turbine pumps designed to form a compact
unit in conjunction with a coupled wet type squirrel cage induction motor both of which operate totally submerged
below the surface of water.

2.Review of the project

2.1 Literature review

It was necessary to recollect all historical data regarding the available Submersible pump test rig. This data was first
recollected from BE student’s Project on “Design and Modification of Submersible pump Test Rig”, 2015-2016.
This enabled us to carry out the pre-test analysis by detailed study of previous report. Other data related to the
centrifugal pump and its concepts were referred from Modi P.N., Seth S.M. “Hydraulic and fluid mechanics
including hydraulic machines” and Sahu G.K. “Pumps (theory design application)”. The factor affecting pump
performance and the performance characteristics curves were studied from R.K. Rajput “Hydraulic Machines”.

2.2 Pumps
A submersible well pump is designed to operate beneath the earth’s surface. Like the sump pump found in many
homes, a submersible well pump will not work unless it’s completely submerged in liquid. Unlike an above ground
pumping system, which sucks water out of the ground, a submersible is designed to push water to the surface.
Pumps can vary in size and there are two basic types of submersible pumps used to deliver potable water, shallow-
well and deep-well. The typical submersible well pump consists of a 2 to 4 foot long cylinder that is 3 to 5 inches in
diameter. This tube has a hermetically sealed motor that is close-coupled to the body of the water pump. Sealing the
motor prevents water from getting inside and causing a short circuit. The motor drives an impeller. When a pressure
switch is turned on, the impeller begins to spin drawing water into the pump. The water is then pushed through the
pump body and brought to the surface. The rest of the unit consists of a cable connected to the motor and a pipe that
transports the water to the surface and into a storage tank.

2.3 Pump Classification

 SubmersibleP
umps

Open
Fig.2.1 well
classification of pump
Submersible Bore Well
2.4 Working of the Submersible pump Submersible Pump
pump
If you receive your water from a private well, you're responsible for the testing, monitoring, treatment, and delivery
of your home's drinking water. Your water system consists of a number of components that all work together to
provide your home with clean safe drinking water. A submersible well pump is the equipment that gets water from
Horizont Vertical
your well to your home.
The typical well water system consists al submerged pumpingpump
of aPump unit that raises water from your well underground
and delivers it to a storage tank where it is held and pressurized until you need it. There are many different types,
kinds, and sizes of pumps designed for use in residential water systems. Some pumps serve special purposes like
boosting water pressure or supplying a special water outlet as in a distillation system.
2.5 Important terms and definitions
 Static discharge head: The vertical distance in meter between centre line of the pump and the point of the
free discharge or the surface of the liquid in level.
 Total static head: it is the vertical distance in meter between the free level of the source of supply and the
point of the free discharge.
 Velocity head: It is the kinetic energy per unit weight of liquid handled at given section.
 Friction head (hfs): It is the head required to overcome the resistance to flow in the pipe and fittings.
 Manometric head (Hm): It is the total head that must be produced by the pump.
 Specific speed: it is the speed of the geometrically similar pump which would deliver unit quantity under
the unit head.

2.6 Losses in Submersible pump

1. Hydraulic losses: shock losses at the entrance and exit of the impeller, losses due to friction in the impeller,
friction and eddy losses in the guide vanes, and minor losses in pipe.
2. Mechanical losses: Losses due to disc friction between the impeller and which fills the clearance spaces
between the impeller and casing, losses pertaining to friction of the main bearing and glands.

2.7 Characteristics of the Submersible pump

Ordinarily a Submersible pump is worked under its maximum efficiency conditions. However, when the pump is
running at conditions from design conditions, it perform differently. Therefore, to predict the behaviour of the pump
under varying conditions of speeds, heads, discharges or powers, tests are usually conducted. The results are
obtained from these tests are plotted in the form of characteristics curves; these curves delineate useful information
about the performance of a pump in its installation. Following are the types of characteristic curves:
1. Main characteristic curves
2. Operating characteristics curve

Fig. 2.2 Main characteristic curve

2.8.1 Main characteristic curves

The pump is running at constant speed and the discharge is varied over the desired range by delivery valve.
Measurements are taken for manometric head and shaft power for each discharge. Calculations are made for the
pumped overall efficiency. The curves are plotted between Q and H mano , Q and P, Q and n. the same procedure is
repeated for another speed.

2.8.2Operating characteristics curve

When a centrifugal pump operates at the design speed (same as speed of driving motor) the maximum efficiency
occurs, and the curves obtained of H,P, and n verses Q as shown in fig.

Fig 2.3 Operating characteristic curve

3. Experimental setup

Fig. 3.1 Test Setup

3.1 Sump Tank:

It is large tank use to store the water, which will be used for circulation It is main source of the woter from this tank
water is circulated throughout the setup.Sebmersible pump is mounted in this tank. Dimentions of the tanks are
Diameter (inches)= 38, Height (Inches)=46. Volume of the tank is 700 litres tank is act as mounting of various other
systems.

3.2 Discharge Collecting Tank:

It is discharge water storage tank. Once this tank is full Then water from this tank again goes to the sump tank.
Dimensions of this tank are Diameter(Inches)=36, Hight(Inches)=35 and Volume of this tank 500 litres

3.3 Pumping System:

Pumping system of the setup consist of Submersible of 0.5HP, 2 Ball valve, Delivery pipe. Piping system of the
setup is 1 of inch. Starter provided for the setup is automatic startup which will display the power consumed by the
pump. The pump that we are using is of angel company with a model no ASME ADM-41A.

3.4 Measuring system

The measuring system consist of

1. Pressure gauge
2. Energy meter (3φ, 10 amp)
3. Acrylic tube and scale

4.Conclusions
The objective of this project is to design setup of Submersible pump and experimental analysis of discharge and
pressure head . So theoretical analysis is studied and design is fixed.
Following conclusions can be made from work done:
 1. Setup parameters are studied.
2. Actual setup construction is finalised.
3. Most of dimensions are determined.
4. Almost 50% of the work is done.

5.Result
We will obtain four pressure heads by controlling the discharge valve. Then we get corresponding Discharge(Q),
time(T) required for ten revolution and corresponding pressure heads for individual pump P1&P2,gauge pressure
and final result will determine after graphical representation.
Operating curves for series and parallel Combination:
1. Head ( H m ) vs Discharge (Q).
2. Efficiency (ƞ) vs Discharge (Q).
3. Power (P) vs Discharge (Q)
Comparison with single 1hp pump characteristics.
We are going to consider 4 pressure heads by controlling the discharge valve

Reference
Book
[1] R. K. Rajput, Fluid mechanics
[2] Modi and Seth, Hydraulics and fluid mechanics

 Design modelling & analysis of submersible pump and to improve the pump efficiency, SDM college of
engineering & Technology, Dharwad, Karnataka, India
 Automation of submersible pump and design using theory of innovation and problem solving (triz)
Technology
 IS 14220:1994 Openwell submersible pump sets specifications
 B.K venkanna, A textbook on turbomachinery, Edition 6, 2010