MULTI PUMP TEST RIG

EES-CM-313
 Multi Pump Test Rig

NOTE:

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information contained in this manual is accurate;
however no labiality is accepted for errors. Should an error be discovered please inform the
company in writing, giving full details. Any experimental results given are for guidance only and
are not guaranteed as exact answers that can be obtained for a given apparatus; due to the
complex variables applicable to most experiments.

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

Table of Contents
Page
1. INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................... 1

2. GENERAL DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................... 2

2.1 Unit Assembly ............................................................................................................ 2
2.2 Specification ............................................................................................................... 2

3. SUMMARY OF THEORY ............................................................................................ 3

3.1 Centrifugal Pump ........................................................................................................ 3
3.2 Reciprocating Pump .................................................................................................... 4
3.3 Axial Pump ................................................................................................................. 4

4. GENERAL OPERATING PROCEDURES ................................................................. 5

4.1 General Startup Procedures......................................................................................... 5
4.2 General Shutdown Procedures .................................................................................... 5

5. FORMULAE ................................................................................................................... 6

6. EXPERIMENT ............................................................................................................... 7
6.1 Objective .................................................................................................................... 7
6.2 Procedure .................................................................................................................... 7
6.3 Observation ................................................................................................................. 7

APPENDIX A Experiment Data Sheets

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

1 INTRODUCTION:

Pumps are used in almost all aspects of industry and engineering from feeds to reactors
and distillation columns in chemical engineering to pumping storm water in civil and
environmental. They are an integral part of engineering and an understanding of how they
work is important.

Centrifugal pump is one of the most widely used pumps for transferring liquids. This is
for a number of reasons. Centrifugal pumps are very quiet in comparison to other pumps.
They have a relatively low operating and maintenance costs. Centrifugal pumps take up
little floor space and create a uniform and non-pulsating flow.

A reciprocating pump is a class of positive-displacement pumps. It is often used where a

relatively small quantity of liquid is to be handled and where delivery pressure is quite
large.

Axial flow propeller pumps are used to pump large volumes with a relatively short pump
head. Propeller pumps are widely used in the chemical and processing industries‚ sewage
water treatment plants‚ re-circulation for handling return sludge or rainwater and
generating drinking water (seawater desalination plants).

The EES® Multi Pump Test Rig unit consists of Propeller Pump, Centrifugal Pump as
well as Reciprocating Pump. It is specially designed to demonstrate to students the
operating characteristics of each pump. This training unit is transparent and operates in
close loop.

This equipment also allows the study of efficiency of a pumps and their comparison. The
energy in this experiment is put through two transformations. First, the electrical energy,
which is the energy put into the system, is transferred to mechanical energy, which is the
energy required to move the shaft and impeller. Second, the mechanical energy is
transferred into energy of the fluid. This is accomplished through the pump rotation,
which transfers the velocity energy of the water to pressure energy. The overall efficiency
is the product of the mechanical (shaft) efficiency and the thermodynamics efficiency.

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

2 GENERAL DESCRIPTION:

2.1 Unit Assembly:

2
4

Figure 1: Parts Identification of Multi Pump Test Rig Apparatus

1. Control Box 2. Reciprocating Pump

3. Centrifugal Pump 4. Axial Flow Pump
5. Water Storage Tank 6. Flow Meter

2.2 General Rrequirements:

Electrical : 240 VAC, 1-phase, 50Hz

Water : Laboratory main supply

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

3 SUMMARY OF THEORY:

Pumps are devices that transfer mechanical energy from a prime mover into fluid energy
to produce the flow of liquids. There are two broad classifications of pumps: positive
displacement and dynamic.

3.1 Centrifugal Pump:

Centrifugal Pump has a shrouded impeller running on an extension of the main

spindle, supported on double ball bearings. T:- is type of pump is not self-
priming but operates with a flooded suction. Its single impeller rotates in the
snail-shaped volute casing: Water enters the impeller axially through the eye,
spirals outwards and discharges around the impeller circumference into the
casing.

As the fluid passes through the impeller, energy is imparted to it by the curved
blade of the impeller resulting in fluid leaving the impeller with an increase of
both pressure and velocity.

The pump has a suction connected to the sump tank via a suction regulator
valve. Its delivery is connected to the selection manifold and measuring system
via a globe valve.

Figure 2: Schematic diagram of Multi Turbine Test Rig

Centrifugal pumps are capable of transferring large volume without any

dependence on valves or fine clearance and can be run against a closed valve
without developing a very high pressure. They can handle a wide range of
slurries, or solids in suspension, in addition to liquids with high viscosities.

The main disadvantages of centrifugal pumps are:

The limitation of delivery pressure and their inability to p-rime themselves.

The former can be overcome by u sing twin, or multi- stages usually on the same
spindle axis. The fitting of a self primer will eliminate the latter disadvantage.

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

3.2 Reciprocating Pump:

In a reciprocating pump, a volume of liquid is drawn into the cylinder through the
suction on the intake stroke and is discharged under positive pressure through the
outlet valves on the discharge stroke. The discharge from a reciprocating pump is
pulsating and changes only when the speed of the pump is changed. This is
because the intake is always a constant volume. Often an air chamber is connected
on the discharge side of the pump to provide a more even flow by evening out the
pressure surges. Reciprocating pumps are often used for sludge and slurry.

3.3 Axial Pump:

It has a propeller running in a casing with fine clearances between propeller and
casing. Water enters the propeller axially. In passing through the propeller, the
blades impart a whirl component into the fluid which the outlet guide vanes
remove prior to the fluid entering the discharge pipe.

The volumetric tank is utilized to provide an increased suction head to the Axial
Flow Pump.

Figure 3: Propeller Pump

The Axial Flow Pump is best suited to conditions where a large discharge flow is
to be delivered against a low head. Land discharge, irrigation and sewage
pumping are some typical applications. The pump efficiency is comparable with
that of the Centrifugal type. However, its higher relative speed permits smaller
and cheaper pumping and driving units to be provided.

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

4 GENERAL OPERATING PROCEDURES:

4.1 General Startup Procedures:

Before conducting any experiment, it is necessary to do the following checking to
avoid any misused and malfunction of equipment.

1. The circulation tank is filled with water.

2. Keep in mind that we have to operate each pump at a time.
3. Switch on the main power supply.
4. Turn on the pump and slowly open Flow control valve until maximum flow
rate is achieved.
5. Note down flow rate and pressures.

4.2 General Shutdown Procedures:

1. Turn off the pump.

2. Make sure valve V4 is in fully close position.
3. Turn off the pump switches on the panel.
4. Switch off the main power supply.

Note:
For each experiment refill the water tank and after experiment empty it.

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

5 FORMULAE:

Overall Efficiency

Power (fluid)
Gravitational
Acceleration

Volumetric flow rate

Pump Head
Pressure unit [P1,P2] is Pascal
Unit conversion : 1 bar = 100000 Pascal
Water Density

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

6 EXPERIMENTS:

6.1 Objective:

To Study the characteristics of each pump on the Test Rig and compare with each
other for comparison by plotting;

1) Pressure difference pump head (m) vs. flow rate.

2) Plot efficiency vs. flow rate for condition.

6.2 Procedures:

1) Follow the basic procedure as written in previous section.

2) Ensure that all setting follows the equipment set-up.
3) Test the pump characteristics by changing the flow rate.

6.3 Observations:

Pump Type:______________

Sr Flowrate P1(gauge) P2(gauge)

No. (LPM) (bar) (bar)

Power Power
Q Pump Head (h) %
3 Fluid Electric
(m /sec) (m) Efficiency
(W) (W)

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 Multi Pump Test Rig

APPENDIX A
Experiment Data Sheets

EES-CM-313
 Multi Pump Test Rig

Pump Type:______________

Sr Flowrate P1(gauge) P2(gauge)

No. (LPM) (bar) (bar)

Power Power
Q Pump Head (h) %
3 Fluid Electric
(m /sec) (m) Efficiency
(W) (W)

Pump Type:______________

Sr Flowrate P1(gauge) P2(gauge)

No. (LPM) (bar) (bar)

Power Power
Q Pump Head (h) %
3 Fluid Electric
(m /sec) (m) Efficiency
(W) (W)

EES-CM-313
 Multi Pump Test Rig

Pump Type:______________

Sr Flowrate P1(gauge) P2(gauge)

No. (LPM) (bar) (bar)

Power Power
Q Pump Head (h) %
Fluid Electric
(m3/sec) (m) Efficiency
(W) (W)

EES-CM-313