1

ROLLNO:78341069

Assi
gnment:CASESTUDY

CASESTUDY

1.Asast
udentofOr
gani
zat
ionalBehav
ior
,whati
sthemaj
ori
ssuedoy
ou
f
indouti
nthi
spar
ti
cul
arcase?

Ans:Thi
scasest
udydepi
ctsaboutsomeoft
hemaj
ori
ssuesar
ouseddur
ing
t
he compet
it
ion bet
ween t
wo maj
orci
gar
ett
es f
act
ori
es i
nthe count
ry;
JanakpurCi
gar
ett
eFact
ory(
JCF)andSur
yaTobacco(
ST)
.Despi
teofbei
ng
ol
derandst
ateowned,
JCFser
iousl
ylacksef
fect
ivemanagementi
ndi
ff
erent
ar
eassuchasempl
oyee’
smot
ivat
ion,or
gani
zat
ionalconf
li
ctmanagement
,
andempl
oyee’
sempower
mentandsoon.

Accor
ding t
othe managerofJCF,t
he mai
n mot
ivat
ing f
act
orf
ort
he
empl
oyeesi
sjobsecur
it
yascompar
edt
oot
herpr
ivat
eor
gani
zat
ion.Pr
eci
sel
y,
j
obsecur
it
yisahy
gienef
act
oraccor
dingt
ohy
giene’
stwof
act
oryt
heor
y.The
pr
esenceofhy
gienef
act
ordoesnotmot
ivat
eempl
oyeesbutt
heabsent
issi
m
oft
hesear
eenought
ocausej
obdi
ssat
if
icat
ion.Whi
l
ether
ear
ear
ray
sof
mot
ivat
ing f
act
orsf
or ST empl
oyees such as l
atestt
echnol
ogy
,wel
l
compet
it
ivei
ncent
ivepackageswhi
chpl
ayacr
uci
alr
olei
nbet
terempl
oyee
per
for
mance.ST empl
oyees ar
e smar
tand hav
e a compet
it
ive at
ti
tude
t
owar
dst
hei
rjob.Duet
othepr
esenceofar
ray
sofmot
ivat
ionalf
act
orsST
hasmanagedt
orecr
uitsomewel
lqual
i
fiedempl
oyeesf
rom JFCbyof
fer
ing
f
asci
nat
ingsal
aryandot
herbenef
it
s.

Duet
othei
mpl
ement
ati
onofdemocr
ati
cleader
shi
pst
yle,t
hei
nfor
mat
ion
f
lowsf
rom t
opmanagementt
olowermanagementandt
hent
oempl
oyeesof
JCF whi
ch r
esul
ts del
ayi
n deci
sion maki
ng.The t
op managementsol
e
deci
dest
hesal
esbonusf
ori
ncr
easedsal
esi
nJCFsoJCFempl
oyeeshadt
o
wor
kwi
th asal
aryand depend on t
op management
’sdeci
sion f
orext
ra
benef
it
.Ont
heot
herhand,SThasi
mpl
ement
edaLai
ssez-
Fai
rel
eader
shi
p
st
yle,
sot
hataf
iel
dmanagerhast
heaut
hor
it
ytodeci
depr
omot
ionandot
her

Or
gani
zat
ional
behav
iour
rol
lno:
78341069
 2

t
ypeofbenef
itt
oit
ssal
esst
aff
.Apar
tfr
om ar
egul
arbasi
csal
ary
,thesal
es
st
aff
swer
eget
ti
ngf
ivet
imesmor
ethant
hatofJCF’
sempl
oyeesdi
d.The
di
ff
erencei
nleader
shi
pst
ylesoft
heset
wor
ival
sis:t
wot
ypesofempl
oyees;
JCFempl
oyeesar
esal
ari
edempl
oyeesandar
eempl
oymentf
ocusedwher
eas
STempl
oyeesar
ecust
omerf
ocused.

Wi
tht
headv
ancementoft
echnol
ogi
esandneedt
ocopupwi
themer
ging
mar
kett
rends,STal
l
ocat
edat
hreeper
centofi
tsear
ningi
nResear
chand
Dev
elopment(
R&D)
,wher
easJCFhadnosuchpol
i
cyandt
heseni
orof
fi
cial
s
ofPer
sonnelDepar
tment(
HumanResour
ceDepar
tment
)nev
erf
eltt
heneed
ofR&D.

Thi
sexpensei
nR&Dposi
ti
vel
ymot
ivat
edSTempl
oyeeswhi
chal
sor
esul
ted
sal
esear
ningal
mostt
hreet
imest
hant
hatofJCF.

I
nter
nalgr
oupconf
li
ctwi
thi
ntheor
gani
zat
ionduet
othepr
esenceofhuge
agegapempl
oyeesi
nJCFhasbeenhi
nder
ingt
heor
gani
zat
ional
per
for
mance;
t
hemai
nsour
ceoft
hisi
nter
nalgr
oupconf
li
cti
nJCFi
srewar
dsy
stem as
t
her
ear
ehar
dlyt
enper
centofsuper
visor
sar
eyoung.Whi
l
eMostoft
hepl
ant
super
visor
swor
kingi
nSTpl
antwer
eyoungandt
her
ewasnogr
eatagegap
amongt
hem whi
chhascr
eat
edaposi
ti
vewor
kingenv
ironmentf
reeofany
i
nter
nal
conf
li
ct.

AsJCF i
sst
ateowned and gov
ernmenthasn’
tempower
ed i
tasa sol
e
deci
sionmaker
,anyunet
hicaldeal
i
ngswi
tht
hecust
omer
sisav
oidedbyJCF
andi
tsmai
nai
m wasi
nlong-
ter
mjobsecur
it
yforempl
oyees.Ont
heot
her
hand,managerofSTconf
ormedt
hatear
ningf
rom sal
eswast
hemai
npol
i
cy
ofST,
soact
ionsanddeci
sionswer
emadekeepi
ngpr
ofi
tandpeopl
einmi
nd.

Or
gani
zat
ional
behav
iour
rol
lno:
78341069
 3

2.Di
scusst
hepr
obl
emst
hatJCFhadbeenf
aci
ngt
ocompet
eint
hemar
ket
.

ANS:Thor
oughanal
ysesoft
heabov
ecasest
udyhav
eshedl
i
ght
suponv
ari
ous
pr
obl
ems t
hatJCF had been f
aci
ng t
o compet
eint
he mar
ketwhi
ch ar
e
di
scussedbel
ow:

 Del
aysi
n deci
sion maki
ng:JCF has been depended upon t
he t
op
managementf
oranyt
ype ofor
gani
zat
ionaldeci
sion r
esul
ti
ng del
aysi
n
deci
sionmaki
ng.Amaj
oref
fectofdel
ayi
ndeci
sionsi
sthatJCFempl
oyees
hadt
owor
kwi
thasal
arypl
ussomebenef
it
sfori
ncr
easedsal
esbasedont
he
deci
sionoft
het
opmanagement
.

 Lackofempl
oyee’
smot
ivat
ion:l
owsal
ari
es,
lackofi
mpl
ement
ati
onofl
atest
t
echnol
ogi
es,negl
i
gencet
owar
dsr
esear
chanddev
elopmentar
ea(
R&D)
,ar
e
someoft
hede-
mot
ivat
ingf
act
orspr
esenti
nthemanagementofJCF.These
f
act
ors hav
e been ser
iousl
yaf
fect
ing t
he degr
ee ofmot
ivat
ions ofJCF
empl
oyees.Ther
esul
twast
hat
,someoft
heempl
oyeeshav
eaccept
edt
he
pr
oposalt
ojoi
nSTCompanyasi
twasof
fer
ingbet
tersal
ary
,benef
it
sand
bet
terenv
ironmentt
oshowcaset
hei
rski
l
ls.

 Or
gani
zat
ionalconf
li
ct:I
nthecaseJCF,
mostoft
hesuper
visor
swer
eneart
o

Or
gani
zat
ional
behav
iour
rol
lno:
78341069
 4

r
eti
rementandhar
dlyt
enper
centoft
het
otal
super
visor
swer
eyoungandnew
r
ecr
uit
s.Due t
othi
s condi
ti
on JCF had been f
aci
ng i
nter
group conf
li
ct
ar
ousedbet
weenol
dagedandy
oungsuper
visor
.Ther
ehadbeenmanycases
i
nwhi
chol
dagedandy
oungsuper
visor
swer
en’
tagr
eeov
ert
heor
gani
zat
ional
r
ewar
dsy
stem.

 Lack ofEmpower
ment
:JCF i
s a st
ate owned ent
erpr
ise and f
orev
ery
manager
ialdeci
sion i
t has t
o be dependent upon t
op management
(
gov
ernment
)ev
ent
hedeci
sionr
egar
dingt
heal
l
ocat
ionofsal
esbenef
it
sist
o
bedeci
dedbyt
het
opmanagement
,thi
sshowst
hatJCFmanagementt
eam
hasn’
tgotanypowert
otakei
mpor
tantdeci
sionf
ort
heor
gani
zat
ion.I
not
her
wor
dswecansayt
hatJCFhasn’
tbeenempower
edbyt
het
opmanagement
.
Thi
slackofempower
mentf
ori
mpor
tantdeci
sionmaki
ngi
sal
soamaj
or
pr
obl
em t
hatJCFhadbeenf
aci
ng.

 Resear
chanddev
elopment
:int
hismoder
ner
aoft
echnol
ogyandi
nnov
ati
on,
JCFst
il
lusi
ngt
radi
ti
onalmet
hodofpr
oduct
ionandsal
es.TheneedofR&Di
s
cl
earf
rom t
hef
actt
hat
,spendi
ngonl
ythr
eeper
centoft
hei
rbudgetonR&D
r
esul
tedSTt
oear
nmor
ethant
hreet
imest
hatt
hatofJCF.

3.Useanopensy
stem per
spect
ivet
omakeJCF,t
henumberoneci
gar
ett
e
manuf
act
ureri
nthecount
ry.

Ans.
:OpenSy
stem:Anopensy
stem i
sasy
stem t
hatr
egul
arl
yexchanges
f
eedbackwi
thi
tsext
ernalenv
ironment
.Opensy
stemsar
esy
stems,
ofcour
se,
soi
nput
s,pr
ocesses,out
put
s,goal
s,assessmentandev
aluat
ionandl
ear
ning
al
lar
eimpor
tant
.Aspect
sthatar
ecr
it
ical
l
yimpor
tantt
oopensy
stemsi
ncl
ude
t
heboundar
ies,ext
ernalenv
ironmentandequi
fi
nal
i
ty.Heal
thyopensy
stems
cont
inuousl
y exchange f
eedback wi
tht
hei
r env
ironment
s,anal
yze t
hat
f
eedback,adj
usti
nter
nalsy
stemsasneededt
oachi
evet
hesy
stemsgoal
s,
and t
hen t
ransmi
tnecessar
yinf
ormat
ion backoutt
otheenv
ironment
.A
gener
almodel
foranopensy
stem v
iewofJCFi
soff
oll
owi
ngt
ype:

Or
gani
zat
ional
behav
iour
rol
lno:
78341069
 5

TomakeJCFasanumberoneci
gar
ett
emanuf
act
urer
,JCFshoul
dbev
iewed
asanopensy
stem andf
oll
owi
ngmaj
oraspect
sshoul
dbegi
venpr
ior
it
y:

 Ef
fect
iveconv
ersi
onst
age

Conv
ersi
onst
agei
sthepr
ocesswhi
chr
esul
tsconv
ersi
onofi
nputr
esour
cesi
nto

Or
gani
zat
ional
behav
iour
rol
lno:
78341069
 6

out
put
s.Thi
sst
agei
sver
ycr
uci
alaspectf
oranopensy
stem.Ef
fect
iveuseof
machi
nes,
humanski
l
lsandot
heror
gani
zat
ionalr
esour
ceswoul
dbeabl
etopr
oduce
hi
ghestout
putf
ort
hegi
veni
nput
.Useofl
atestt
echnol
ogi
es,i
mpl
ement
ingv
ari
ous
mot
ivat
ionalt
act
ics l
i
ke bet
teri
ncent
ive packages and sal
es benef
it
s,pr
oper
unbi
asedr
ewar
dsy
stem ar
esomeoft
hemaj
orar
east
obeconsi
der
edbyt
heJCFt
o
st
andi
nthi
scompet
it
ivemar
ket
.

 I
dent
if
yingboundar
ies

Theboundar
iesofopensy
stems,becauset
heyi
nter
actwi
thot
hersy
stemsor
env
ironment
s,ar
emor
efl
exi
blet
hant
hoseofcl
osedsy
stems,whi
char
eri
gidand
l
argel
yimpenet
rabl
e.Thecl
osed-
syst
em appr
oachconcei
vesoft
heor
gani
zat
ionas
asy
stem ofmanagement
,technol
ogy
,per
sonnel
,equi
pment
,andmat
eri
als,but
t
endst
oexcl
udecompet
it
ors,suppl
i
ers,di
str
ibut
ors,andgov
ernment
alr
egul
ator
s.
Theboundar
ysubsy
stem'
sgoali
stoobt
aini
nput
sorr
esour
ces,
suchasempl
oyees,
mat
eri
als,equi
pment
,andsof
ort
h,f
rom t
heenv
ironmentout
sideoft
hecompany
,
whi
char
enecessar
yfort
hepr
oduct
ionsubsy
stem.JCFshoul
dwel
lenoughawar
e
abouti
tsboundar
iesl
i
ket
ypeofcompet
it
ori
nthemar
ket
,gov
ernmentpol
i
cies,
emer
gingt
rendsandt
echnol
ogi
es,empl
oyeemot
ivat
ionf
act
orswhi
chwoul
dbe
benef
ici
alt
oachi
evegoal
oft
heor
gani
zat
ion.

 Ext
ernalenv
ironment

Theext
ernalenv
ironmenti
ncl
udesawi
dev
ari
etyofneedsandi
nfl
uencest
hatcan
af
fectt
heor
gani
zat
ionbutwhi
cht
heor
gani
zat
ioncannotdi
rect
lycont
rol
.Inf
luences
canbepol
i
tical
,economi
cal
,soci
etal
,andt
echnol
ogi
cali
nnat
ure.
jcfshoul
dregul
arl
y
exchangef
eedbackwi
thi
tsext
ernalenv
ironmentbyusi
ngv
ari
oust
echni
quesl
i
ke
bui
l
ding good publ
i
crel
ati
ons,adv
ert
isi
ng and br
and pr
omot
ion,l
obby
ing and
adv
ocacy
.Byi
mpl
ement
ingpr
opermeasur
esf
orchangei
next
ernalenv
ironment
,
pr
opernumberofi
nput
srequi
red f
ort
he opt
imum pr
oduct
ion can be easi
l
y
cal
cul
ated.

 Scanni
ngout
comes(
resul
tamongcust
omer
s)

Out
comesoft
hepr
oductorser
vicet
hatanor
gani
zat
ionof
fer
stoi
tscust
omer
spl
ay
adeci
siv
erol
eint
hef
ormul
ati
onofmanagementst
rat
egi
es.Byscanni
ngt
heanswer
t
othequest
ionHowpeopl
ethi
nkabouti
tspr
oduct
?,JCFcoul
dabl
etot
akei
nit
iat
ion

Or
gani
zat
ional
behav
iour
rol
lno:
78341069
 7

f
orpr
operchangei
ninput
sorchangei
nconv
ersi
onst
ageandot
herpar
amet
erst
o
of
fert
hepr
oductorser
vicet
hatacust
omerwant
s.

 Equi
fi
nal
it
y

Equi
fi
nal
i
tymeanst
hatt
hesameorsi
mil
arr
esul
tscanbeachi
evedbyusi
ngav
ari
ety
ofdi
ff
erentpr
ocesses.JCFcoul
dimpl
ementl
atestt
echnol
ogi
est
oenhancet
he
wor
kingexper
ienceofi
tsempl
oyi
ngwhi
chcoul
dhel
pfult
opr
oducemor
eref
ined
r
esul
ts.I
nvest
ing i
n R&D,r
ecr
uit
ing wel
lqual
i
fied and exper
ienced empl
oyees,
conduct
ingv
ari
ousski
l
lenhancementpr
ogr
ammesar
esomeoft
hei
nit
iat
ivest
hat
JCFshoul
dtaket
obecomeaf
utur
eleaderi
naci
gar
ett
emanuf
act
uri
ngi
ndust
ry.

 Empower
ment

Lackofempower
mentf
ori
mpor
tantdeci
sionmaki
ngi
sal
soamaj
orpr
obl
em t
hat
JCFhadbeenf
aci
ngbyempower
ingJCFt
otakei
mpor
tantdeci
sionsbyt
hemsel
ves
wi
l
labl
etopr
oducessenseofr
esponsi
bil
i
tyandbel
ongi
ngt
owar
dst
heor
gani
zat
ion
whi
chul
ti
mat
elywi
l
labl
etoenhanceor
gani
zat
ionef
fi
ciency
.

 Conf
li
ctmanagement

I
nter
nalor
gani
zat
ionalconf
li
cti
soneoft
hemaj
orhi
ndr
ancesaf
fect
ingor
gani
zat
ion
per
for
mance.I
nJCFt
hisconf
li
cti
smai
nlyduet
ohugeagegapbet
weenempl
oyees.
Tor
esol
vet
hisconf
li
ctmanagementi
nfut
urewecanadaptt
wot
ypesofst
rat
egi
es.
Fi
rst
,rewar
dsy
stem basedont
heper
for
mancecanbei
mpl
ement
edt
osat
isf
ythe
needsofbot
hagegr
oups.Secondl
y,f
ort
hel
ongt
erm sol
uti
onf
ori
nter
nalconf
li
ct,
r
ecr
uit
mentpr
ocessshoul
dbedesi
gnedi
namor
eef
fect
ivemannersucht
hatpeopl
e
wi
thsi
mil
aragegr
oupsorhav
ingl
essagegap,
posi
ti
veat
ti
tude,
innov
ati
vei
nnat
ure
andmor
eresponsi
blear
erecr
uit
ed.

Or
gani
zat
ional
behav
iour
rol
lno:
78341069
 8

Or
gani
zat
ional
behav
iour
rol
lno:
78341069