BALINGASA HIGH SCHOOL

J. Aquino Cruz St. Balingasa, Quezon City

BASIC EDUCATION DEPARTMENT
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

COURSE HANDOUTS IN
ORAL COMMUNICATION

Lesson 3
Nature of Intercultural Communication

LEARNING TARGETS:
The learner shall be able to:

1. describe the value of effective communication to understand the hidden meaning of messages;
2. explain the non-verbal and verbal ways to express influences, opinions and beliefs towards
communication processes;
3. explaining different cultures and delicacies in terms of communication
be respectful in dealing with different cultures in terms of communicating with other people.

MELCS S1Q1: Employ various communicative strategies in different situations

Intercultural Communication

It happens when individuals interact, negotiate and create meanings while bringing in their varied cultural
backgrounds (Ting-Toomey, 1999). Intercultural communication takes place when people draw from their
intercultural identity to understand values, prejudices, language attitudes, and relationships (Gudykunst &
Kim, 2003). Simply put, intercultural communication is the sending and receiving of messages across
languages and culture.

Barriers to Intercultural Communication

These barriers, namely, ethnocentrism, stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination, involve the formation
and judgments about another culture even before communication occurs.

Ethnocentrism: is perceiving one's own cultural beliefs and customs as superior to those of others.
Stereotype: A stereotype is a broad, often oversimplified assumption made about all members of a
particular group.
Prejudice: refers to the beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and attitudes someone holds about a group. A prejudice
is not based on one’s experiences; instead, it is a prejudgment, originating outside actual experience.
Discrimination: It consists of actions against a group of people. Discrimination can be based on age, race,
religion, health, and other indicators. Discrimination can take many forms, from unfair housing practices to

ORAL COMMUNICATION HANDOUT 1 A.Y. 2022 – 2023

biased hiring systems.

Developmental Model of Cultural Sensitivity

This was created by Dr. Milton Bennett. The stages of DMIS are a continuum that ranges from ethnocentric
to highly ethno relative (Cushner, McClelland, & Safford, 2012). According to Bennett and Bennett (2012), it
has six stages, which are the following:
1. Denial - The individual does not recognize cultural differences
2. Defense - Recognize the cultural differences. They culture is superior to the other/new culture.
3. Minimization - See cultural differences but they see no difference regarding to the idea.
Universality of ideas.
4. Acceptance - Begin to appreciate important cultural differences in behaviors eventually in values.
5. Adaptation - The individual is very open to world views when accepting new perspectives.
6. Integration - Start to go beyond their own cultures and see themselves on different kinds of
cultural viewpoints.

REFERENCE:

P. J. F. Sipacio & A. R. G. Balgos. (2016). Oral communication in context for Senior High School. C&E Publishing:
Quezon City

Brooks, W.D. & Heath, R.W. (1993). Speech communication. Madison, WI: Brown & Benchmark.

Griffin, E. (2006). A first look at communication theory, 6th ed. New York: McGraw Hill Higer Education.

Hybels, S. & Weaver, R. (1998). Communicating effectively: A definition of Communication. New York, NY:
McGraw-Hill.

Pearson, J.C. & Nelson, P.E. (2000). An introduction to human communication, understanding and sharing, 8th
ed. Boston, MA: McGraw Hill Higher Education.

ORAL COMMUNICATION HANDOUT 1 A.Y. 2022 – 2023