DATA ANALYSIS

CONCEPTS

data transformation LONG AND WIDE DATA

DEFINITION WHY WE USE IT Data transformation usually LONG DATA WIDE DATA
involves:

is the process of changing the
data’s format, structure, or values.
‫بيسهل االناليسز‬ Adding, copying, or replicating
data
Deleting fields or records
‫وضح اكتر‬
Standardizing the names of
Data organization: better organized data is easier to use variables
Long data is data where each row Long data is preferred when Wide data is data where each row Wide data is preferred when
contains a single data point for a contains multiple data points for
particular item. the particular items identified in
the columns.
Storing a lot of variables about Performing advanced statistical Creating tables and charts with a Comparing straightforward line
each subject. For example, 60 analysis or graphing few variables about each subject graphs
years worth of interest rates for
each bank

EX.To make it easier to create Renaming, moving, or combining

charts, you may also need to columns in a database
transform long data to wide data.
Consider the following example of
transforming stock prices Joining one set of data with
(collected as long data) to wide another
data.

Saving a file in a different format.

Data compatibility: different applications or systems can then use the same data For example, saving a spreadsheet
as a comma separated values (CSV)
file. WIDE DATA
Data migration: data with matching formats can be moved from one system to another LONG DATA

Data merging: data with the same organization can be merged together

Mario is a plumber who owns a

plumbing company. After years in
the business, he buys another
plumbing company. Mario wants to
merge the customer information
from his newly acquired company
with his own, but the other
company uses a different database.
So, Mario needs to make the data
compatible. To do this, he has to
transform the format of the
acquired company’s data. Then, he
must remove duplicate rows for
customers they had in common.
When the data is compatible and
together, Mario’s plumbing
company will have a complete and
merged customer database.

Data enhancement: data can be displayed with more detailed fields

Data comparison: apples-to-apples comparisons of the data can then be made

DATA ANALYSIS CONCEPTS
1. LONG AND WIDE DATA
1.1. LONG DATA

1.1.1. Long data is data where each row contains a single data point for a particular item.

1.1.1.1. LONG DATA

1.1.2. Long data is preferred when

1.1.2.1. Storing a lot of variables about each subject. For example, 60 years worth of interest rates for each bank

1.1.2.2. Performing advanced statistical analysis or graphing

1.2. WIDE DATA

1.2.1. Wide data is data where each row contains multiple data points for the particular items identified in the columns.

1.2.1.1. WIDE DATA

1.2.2. Wide data is preferred when

1.2.2.1. Creating tables and charts with a few variables about each subject

1.2.2.2. Comparing straightforward line graphs

2. data transformation
2.1. DEFINITION

2.1.1. is the process of changing the data’s format, structure, or values.

2.2. WHY WE USE IT

2.2.1. ‫بيسهل االناليسز‬

2.2.1.1. ‫وضح اكتر‬

2.2.1.1.1. Data organization: better organized data is easier to use

2.2.1.1.2. EX.To make it easier to create charts, you may also need to transform long data to wide data. Consider the following example of transforming stock prices (collected as long data) to wide data.

2.2.1.1.3. Data compatibility: different applications or systems can then use the same data

2.2.1.1.4. Data migration: data with matching formats can be moved from one system to another

2.2.1.1.5. Data merging: data with the same organization can be merged together

2.2.1.1.5.1. Mario is a plumber who owns a plumbing company. After years in the business, he buys another plumbing company. Mario wants to merge the customer information from his newly acquired company with his own, but the other company uses a different database. So, Mario needs to make the data compatible. To do this, he has to transform the format of the acquired company’s data. Then, he must remove duplicate rows for customers they had in
common. When the data is compatible and together, Mario’s plumbing company will have a complete and merged customer database.

2.2.1.1.6. Data enhancement: data can be displayed with more detailed fields

2.2.1.1.7. Data comparison: apples-to-apples comparisons of the data can then be made

2.3. Data transformation usually involves:

2.3.1. Adding, copying, or replicating data

2.3.2. Deleting fields or records

2.3.3. Standardizing the names of variables

2.3.4. Renaming, moving, or combining columns in a database

2.3.5. Joining one set of data with another

2.3.6. Saving a file in a different format. For example, saving a spreadsheet as a comma separated values (CSV) file.