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elope Tracking Delay Balancing &

chronisation FOLLOW

balancing is required within envelope tracking to ensure that the peaks

oughs of the RF amplitude synchronise the voltage waveform applied to   
power amplifier.

e Tracking primer includes:

nvelope tracking Block diagram PSU / DC modulator Envelope shaping Control signal Delay
g

ssary to match the delays that occur within the arms or circuit paths of the envelope tracking system,
e there will be a mismatch in the delivery of the required voltage to the power amplifier.

act of poor envelope tracking synchronisation

icularly important to have good synchronisation between the RF envelope and the control signal CMOS Sensor Evaluation Kits
e the RF amplifier performance will be degraded: Evaluation Kit camera includes a Monochrome,

Color, or RGB-NIR CMOS sensor of your choice.

ased power dissipation:   If there is poor synchronisation between the waveforms then power Canon CMOS Sensors
ation will be increased because the voltage peaks will not occur at the same time as the RF envelope
X
, resulting in increased power dissipation
ced efficiency:   The increased power dissipation reflects into the overall operation of the amplifier as
uction in efficiency. CMOS Sensor Evaluation Kits
Evaluation Kit camera includes a Monochrome, Color, or RGB-
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18 OCTOBER 2022
NIR CMOS sensor of your choice.
ased distortion: Poor synchronisation will also mean that there will be insufficient voltage supplied to Fact of the day: It was on this day in 1922
the envelope peaks and this will result in the signal driving the amplifier into compression, thereby that the British Broadcasting Company, as the
ting the signal BBC was originally called, was formed by a
group of leading wireless manufacturers

y mismatches including Marconi.

Quote: There is no passion to be found

to understand the reason for the envelope tracking delay balancing it is necessary to look at the playing small; in settling for a life that is less
why delay mismatches occur. than the one you are capable of living. Nelson
ons for the mismatch in the RF envelope and the envelope tracking signal arise from the different delay Mandela
hat occur in the paths taken by the two signals. Fact: The solar wind, the material ejected
at the block diagram, it can be seen that there are two distinct signal paths within the envelope tracking from the Sun, travels at speeds up to 400 km
ne for the RF signal and another for the envelope control signal.. / s (about a million miles an hour).

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Magnitude Pre-envelope Envelope Post envelope Envelope
DAC
calculator gain shaping gain / offset tracking supply

I
DAC
Delay

LO

Power-
Pre-amplifier amplifier

Q
DAC

Envelope tracking signal path

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agram, it can be seen that the I and Q signals enter a block called delay where the delay matching can reading and reference on electronics related
d and they are also split off along their different paths. topics:
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ath passed into DACs, one for the I and another for the Q signal and these outputs are then filtered
ed up to the required frequency where they are summed and then amplified.The envelope control
CMOS
th incorporates very different signal Sensor
X processingEvaluation Kitstherefore it has a different level of
techniques and
Evaluation Kit camera includes a Monochrome, Color, or RGB-
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NIR CMOS sensor of your choice. Electronics Notes offers a host
lope control signal path incorporates a number of different baseband blocks to ensure the contour of of products are very good
rol signal is correct: this involves aspects including gain control and a RAM look up table. The signal is prices from our shopping
d from digital into an analogue format and then filtered before being applied to the envelope tracking pages (in association with Amazon). Check out
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he major factors in the different delays between the two signal paths is the low pass filters used after ▶︎ Computer Products.
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on the left most block in the block diagram, the delay balanced is added as the IQ signals are split along Note: Electronics Notes receives a small
paths and in this way the delay can easily be balanced at the outset. commission on sales at no cost to you.

lope tracking synchronisation examples EVENTS

to illustrate the issue of synchronisation it is useful to see some examples. ▶︎ electronica

▶︎ CES - Consumer Electronics Show
re images taken from real laboratory envelope tracking systems showing good and poor ▶︎ Mobile World Congress
isation levels. ▶︎ Embedded World
▶︎ PCIM Europe
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Good envelope tracking synchronisation

Aluminium Electrolytic Capacitor
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ay envelope tracking balancing is not well matched, botha Monochrome, Color,
signals fall out or RGB-

of synchronism and there is a

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h between the two signals.

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Poor envelope tracking synchronisation

ugh the apparent discrepancy appears small, there are areas where there is insufficient voltage
o the RF amplifier to cater for the signal, and other areas where there is too much voltage which will
excess dissipation.

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