In the article collected by Eliopoulou E, Papa Nikolaou A, Voulgarellis M, (2018) Statistical analysis of

ship accident sand review of safety level, maritime accidents presented a downward tendency from
2000 to 2012, but the situation is far from satisfactory, according to the “safety and shipping review
2019” issued by Allianz Global Corporate & Specialty, and there were still 2698 shipping accidents in
2018. The safety of maritime shipping is still a thorny issue that it is urgent to solve. Total vessel number
and deadweight of world ship fleet from 2010 to 2019. Maritime shipping accidents research has
changed from being exclusive of naval architects to a being large stage on which knowledge from
different disciplines is involved Luo, M, Shin, S.-H. Half-century research developments in maritime
accidents. The factors that contribute to accidents or incidents can be characterized by social attributes
or factors associated with techniques; any of these can be the main cause. Therefore, the safety issues
of maritime shipping should be solved based on the perspective of complex sociotechnical systems in
which the factors associated with techniques and society should be considered comprehensively. In
addition, the data from maritime shipping accidents is inadequate for advanced technology, such as big
data analysis and artificial neural networks, which encourages scholars or pioneers to explore other
methodology to solve the safety issues of maritime shipping. At this point, the perspective of safety-II
provides a potential way to solve this problem.

The article of Charya, T.D.; Yoo, K.W., and Lee, D.H., (2018). GIS-based spatio-temporal
analysis of marine accidents database in the coastal zone of Korea.Maritime transportation,
including the use of boats, ferries and ships for the transportation, fishing and recreational
activities, currently plays an important factor in global economy and is increasing annually.
With increase of maritime transportation, the occurrences of marine accident are also
increased. Based on worldwide statistical database of marine accidents, Marine Casualties
and Incidents (MCI) module published by Global Integrated Shipping Information System
(GISIS), the second highest number of accidents have occurred in the coastal zone around
East Asian countries, China, Japan and Korea. Especially in Korea, there are many major
accidents such as sinking, collision, capsizing, stranding, grounding and explosion etc. which
can cause huge damage of human life and property. This study analyses the spatial
distribution of marine accidents in more details for coastal zone of Korea in order to illustrate
and predict the vulnerable coastal zone for improving costal safety management, planning
and decision making. A detailed database with major and minor accidents around coastal
zone in Korea collected by the office of Korea Coast Guard (KCG) from 2007 to 2014 were used
for the geo-spatial analysis in Geographic Information System (GIS) environment. Two types
of spatial analysis, Buffer and Cluster analysis, were performed to visualize the distribution of
marine accidents and then to determine the high accident and safety deficient areas. The
results from this study can help to determine the common reasons of marine accidents in the
coastal zone of Korea, with high vulnerable zone of accident, for risk management, accident
prevention and response planning in the future.