SMART

CITIES
Introduction to
Smart Cities
American Planning Association (APA)
APA Texas Chapter State Conference
& Short Course for Planning Officials

San Antonio, Texas Image Source: Smart City Council

Thursday, November 3, 2016

3:30 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. Matt Bucchin, AICP, LEED GREEN ASSOCIATE
Senior Planner with Halff Associates, Inc., Austin, TX
Session Objectives

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 Introduce the concept of Smart Cities &
APA’s Smart Cities & Sustainability Initiative
 Describe the trends that led to the growth of Smart Cities
 Overview specific examples of Smart City technologies in action
 Overview APA’s next steps
 Q&A
Background & APA Resources

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APA Board Report & White Paper This Presentation
Smart Cities Initiative Objectives

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• Identify the critical technologies that planners need to know about
• Determine what aspects of Smart Cities are most interested in
• Determine how the field of planning can utilize this information to
add value to their communities
• Determine appropriate mechanisms of informational transfer
• Identify how we can utilize Smart City technologies to get the word
out
 SMART
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Smart City
Definition
Smart Cities use information -
communication technology
(ICT) to engage citizens, to
deliver city services, and to
enhance urban systems.
What are Smart Cities?

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Image Source: http://rippleffectgroup.com
Internet of Things (IoT) / Connectedness

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Image Source: IDC Government Insights, 2013
Where are Smart City trends going?

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Global smart city
revenue
is expected to grow
from $36.8 billion in
2016 to $88.7 billion The consultancy
by 2025. McKinsey and
Source: Navigant Research 2016 Company takes a
similar approach,
projecting the smart
The research cities component of
consultancy the IoT market will
MarketandMarkets range between $930
estimates the smart billion on the low end
cities component of of the forecast to $1.7
the Internet of Things trillion on the high
market will grow to end by 2025.
$147.5 billion Source: Building Smarter Cities by CompTIA
worldwide by 2020
Source: Building Smarter Cities by CompTIA
 SMART
Smart City Proponents

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Private Sector Public Sector
 Google  American Planning Association (APA)
 IBM  Rocky Mountain Institute (RMI)
 Siemens
 World Resources Institute (WRI)
 Cisco
 U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC)
 Microsoft
 American Institute of Landscape
 Honeywell Architects (ASLA)
 Schneider Electric  U.S. Dept. of Energy
 Panasonic
Whose talking about Smart Cities?

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Trends leading to Smart Cities

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Image Source: https://ijroth.files.wordpress.com Image Source: http://www.geohive.com/img/pic2.png
Trends
Masdar leading
City (Abu Dhabi) is to
the citySmart Citiesat the forefront of integrating

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of the future; positioned
sustainable technology into modern architectural design.

— citieskaku.blogspot.com

Image Source:
http://www.e-architect.co.uk/images
Trends leading to Smart Cities

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Image Source: http://io9.com
Trends leading to Smart Cities

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POLITICAL TRENDS

GOVERNMENT

TRANSPARENCY
CITIZENS INFORMATION
Trends leading to Smart Cities

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TECHNOLOGICAL TRENDS

Image Source: https://dinaalyaseen.wordpress.com

Trends leading to Smart Cities

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SOCIAL TRENDS
Trends leading to Smart Cities

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ENVIRONMENTAL TRENDS
Benefits of Smart Cities

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“When you get to a critical mass, the data on the
benefits [of a Smart City] is so compelling: a 50 percent
reduction over a decade in energy consumption, a 20
percent decrease in traffic, an 80 percent improvement
in water usage, a 20 percent reduction in crime rates.”
— The smart-city solution, McKinsey & Company, October 2012
Challenge for Planners

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• How do we clearly articulate the community’s Smart City vision
for the future?
• What are the strategies needed to go from plan to action …
and the metrics/performance measurements to define
success?
• How can we avoid the distractions of the “next big thing?”
• How do we protect & maintain the public trust?
COMPONENTS OF SMART CITIES – APA

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Sustainability
Broadband Governance
- Resiliency

Applications -
Equity
Data
COMPONENTS OF SMART CITIES – INDUSTRY

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Smart
Governance

Smart Smart
Mobility Infrastructure

Smart
Buildings

Smart Energy
 Smart
Bike Sharing

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Mobility

• Current larger cities in Texas

• San Antonio B-Cycle (35 stations/300+ bikes)
• Fort Worth Bcycle (30 stations/300 bikes)
• Houston B-cycle
• Austin Bike Share (in progress for 40
stations/400 bikes)
• El Paso SunCycle Bike Share (15 stations)
• Dallas / Fair Park (2 stations)
• Brownsville (6 stations)
• Reciprocal systems
• Coincides with ↑ demand for trails /
on-street bike lanes
• Expect expansion into smaller cities Image Source: http://blog.storage.com/

Image Source: https://sanantonio.bcycle.com/

 Smart
Bike Sharing

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Mobility

• Zagster Texas
Clients
• Tarleton State
• Galatyn
Commons
• League City
• Willowick Park
• Galveston
• Corpus Christi
• RGV
• Others? Image Source: Zagster.com
 Smart
Automated Vehicle (AV) Technology

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Mobility

Automated vehicle (AV) technology has the potential to transform

transportation systems and land use patterns to a level not seen since
the mass production of the private automobile roughly a century ago.
— Tim Chapin, Jeremy Crute et. al., 2016

Image Source: wired.com

 Smart
Automated Vehicle (AV) Technology

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Mobility

Image Source: Envisioning Florida’s Future: Transportation and Land Use in an Automated Vehicle World
 Smart
Automated Vehicle (AV) Technology

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Mobility

Image Source: Envisioning Florida’s Future: Transportation and Land Use in an Automated Vehicle World
 Smart
Autonomous Trucking & Transit

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Mobility

• Driverless
tractor trailer
deliveries are
already
operating in
the U.S.
• Driverless
transit shuttles
are being
tested in other
countries
Image Source: Otto
Image Source: https://drivingtowardsdriverless.com/
 Smart
Peer-to-Peer Car Services / Ride Sharing

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Mobility

• A new service that uses technology to

arrange one-time on-demand shared
rides on short notice.
• Technological Uses:
• GPS navigation devices to determine a driver's
route and arrange the shared ride
• Smartphones for a traveler to request a ride
from wherever they happen to be
• Social networks to establish trust and
accountability between drivers and
passengers
• Company Examples
• Uber
• Lyft
• Carma (Austin, TX)
• Relay Rides
Image Source: wired.com
 Smart
Mobility – Pulling it all together

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Mobility

Image Sourcehttp://mobilitylab.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/MobilityHub-Station_labeled_edited.jpg
 Smart
Smart Parking

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Mobility

Image Source: www.toledoblade.com Seattle’s Smart Parking Image Source: https://photolynx.files.wordpress.com/

2009/06/img_0025.jpg
 Smart
Smart Parking

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Mobility

Seattle’s Smart Parking

Image Source: http://telematicswire.net/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/M2M-Parkplatz_Deutsche_Telekom_-Kiunsys.jpg
 Smart
Smart Parking

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Mobility

Image Source: http://www.exceedconstruction.net Image Source: http://cdn.wonderfulengineering.com/

Seattle’s Smart Parking

 Smart
Real-Time Bus & Transit Scheduling

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Mobility

Image Source: http://www.hacon.de/company/

Seattle’s Smart Parking
 Smart
Real-Time Bus & Transit Scheduling

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Mobility

Seattle’s Smart Parking

 Smart
On-Demand Urban Air Transportation

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Mobility

Seattle’s Smart Parking

Image Source: Uber White Paper re: Uber Elevate

 Smart
Commercial Enterprise

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Mobility

 Changes in American shopping

habits
 Increase in online shopping
 Decrease in brick & mortar store
shopping
Image Source: http://www.theinquirer.net/

Image Source: http://www.worktruckonline.com/ Image Source: Amazon Prime Air Delivery Drone
Smart
Green / Renewable Energy

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Energy

 Texas ranks No. 1 in the nation

for both wind energy capacity
& biodiesel production and
No. 2 for employment in the
renewable energy industry
 If Texas were its own country,
it would rank No. 6 globally for
installed wind capacity
 The Southern Power Company
biodiesel plant in
Nacogdoches is the largest in
the nation
Smart
Georgetown/Houston Renewable Energy

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Energy

Image Source: fieldsbh/Flickr

Smart
Energy Efficiency

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Energy

 Replacing street & other lights

with LEDs
 Landfill to gas energy
production
 Water reuse

Image Source: http://inhabitat.com/

 Smart
Real-Time Energy Monitoring

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Buildings

 Richardson Energy Monitoring

 Using a $1 million federal grant
established a $150,000 energy
monitoring system at 7 facilities
from the City Hall to public
library
 Used to help identify needed
operational changes & needed
energy retrofits
 Once retrofits are in place, it is
estimated to save the City
$300,000 a year on energy bills
 Smart
Energy Efficient Retrofits

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Buildings

 City of Richardson Huffhines

Recreation Center
 91 solar panels
 Wind energy system
 Solar thermal hot water heating
 Electric vehicle charging stations
 Educational kiosk
 29% recycled materials
Image Source: http://brsarch.com/
 Smart
Energy New Construction

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Buildings

 Parman Library at Stone Oak in

northwestern San Antonio
 17,000 sf LEED Gold library
 41% potable water reduction
 84% on construction waste
diverted
 24% energy savings

Image Source: USGBC – Central Texas

 Smart
Free Public Wi-Fi

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Buildings

 Convenient & free access

to the Internet is quickly
becoming an essential
public service
 Corpus Christi is an
example jurisdiction which
provides free WiFi hot
spots at many parks &
recreation facilities

Image Source: http://thecameronteam.com/

 Smart
Smart Meters

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Infrastructure
Smart Electric Meter

Smart Water Meter

Image Source:
City of Houston

Smart Gas Meter

Image Source:
www.waterworld.com

Image Source:
http://farm4.staticflickr.com
Image Source: http://4.bp.blogspot.com
 Smart
Smart Street Lighting

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Infrastructure

 Smart Grid Street Light

 Photocelled / wirelesss app controlled
 LED/energy efficient
 0 – 100% dimming
 Internal speakers
 music, announcements, alerts
 Image sensors
 ped counters, security cameras
 Digital signage
 wayfinding, traffic information, alerts,
civic information, revenue generation

Image Source: wired.com

 Smart
Broadband, Fiber & Wireless Tech

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Infrastructure

 Broadband is critical infrastructure 125Gigabit

100 Mbps
Mbps
 Demand for broadband is growing
 Need both robust wired & wireless networks
BROADBAND SPEEDS
 56.3% of Texans have access to wired broadband
25mbps or faster.
 37.7% of Texans have access to broadband
100mbps or faster.
 2.6% of Texans have access to 1 gigabit broadband.
Since 2010, Connected Texas has been awarded
$8,026,000 in federal grants for Texas's
Broadband Initiative.
 Smart
Smart Grid

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Infrastructure

 A smart grid is an electrical grid

which includes a variety of
operational and energy measures
including:
 smart meters
 smart appliances
 renewable energy resources
 energy efficiency resources
 Smart
Unmanned Aerial Drones

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Infrastructure

 Unmanned aerial drones

used for:
 Police surveillance
 Firefighting
 Agriculture
 Gas & electric utilities
 Research
 Personal use & photography
 South Padre Island used 2
drones to monitor spring
break crowds Image Source: http://media.nbcdfw.com/

 Commercial enterprise?
 Smart
Solar Roadways

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Infrastructure
 Smart
Surveillance Cameras

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Infrastructure

 Eyes on the street:

 in public areas around
downtown, stadiums,
parks, etc.
 License plate readers

Image Source: https://physicalism.files.wordpress.com

Image Source: http://www.thenewamerican.com/

 Smart
QR Codes & Websites

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Governance

Image Source: http://sanantoniomomblogs.com/

Image Source: City of McKinney

Image Source: City of McKinney Image Source: CAP METRO

 Smart
Interactive Public Engagement

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Governance

Image Source: MetroQuest Image Source: mySidewalk

 Smart
Interactive Public Engagement

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Governance

Survey Ideation Tool Innovation Portal

Image Source: MindMixer

Image Source: SurveyMonkey
Image Source: LinkedIn
 Smart
Interactive Public Engagement

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Governance

 Tech Zone at APA

National Planning
Conference
 Hackathon
 Smart City-related
sessions
 Smart
Online Information & Transparency

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Governance
 Smart Online Information &

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Governance
Transparency
 Smart
Digital Plan Review Process

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Governance

DENTON, TEXAS
 Smart
Online Citizen – Gov’t Reporting

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Governance

IMAGE SOURCES: CARTEGRAPH

 Smart
Online Citizen Information Dissemination

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Governance

IMAGE SOURCES: HTTP://COMMUNITYCRIMEMAP.COM/?ADDRESS=78205

 Smart
Online Citizen Information Dissemination

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Governance

IMAGE SOURCES: HTTP://COMMUNITYCRIMEMAP.COM/?ADDRESS=78205

 Smart
Online/Real-Time Public Meetings

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Governance

CIBOLO, TEXAS
Big Data / The Flip Side

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 Privacy

 Cybersecurity

 Public interest vs. Profit driven

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APA’s Plan of Action – Status

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APA Board Report & White Paper This Presentation
Moving Forward

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 Invest in developing the Smart Cities Innovation Portal

 Develop Comprehensive Plan Smart City Guidelines for Land Use,

Transportation, & Economic Development

 Partner with Universities, Businesses, & Other Groups to Research Reports on

Key Technologies

 Offer Expanded Technology Updates at the National Planning Conference

Moving Forward

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 Work with AICP on integrating technology systems training into broader
planning education

 Offer ethics training related to big data

 Advocate for policies that bridge the digital divide

 Create a new Divisions Council Initiative for Smart Cities

Implementing the Action Plan of the Taskforce

Broadening the Involvement in Smart Cities Efforts

Started Summer 2015 / Action Plan Drafted Fall 2015

2016-2017 Division Council Action Plan

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 Action 1: Invest in Smart Cities Innovation Portal
 Action 2: Maintain “On the Radar” Division Initiative Webpage
 Action 3: Develop Comprehensive Plan (CP) Guidelines for the
Use of Technology
 Action 4: Identify Partnerships to Research Key Technologies
 Action 5: Convene Technology Forums to Educate Planners on
Latest Smart City Trends
Recent APA Smart Cities Activities

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 APA representatives participated in a U.S. TDA Trade Mission in March
that brought a delegation of city planners and engineers from Andra
Pradesh province and Vizag city in India to see smart city initiatives in
Washington, New York City and San Francisco.
 APA participated in two panels at Smart Cities Council’s “Smart Cities
Week” in September:
 Planning for the Smart City of the Future
 Planning for Autonomous and Connected Vehicles

 APA National, the Technology Division, and the International Division

hosted a joint smart cities webinar in October
 APA has been working with the National League of Cities and other NGOs
to convene a symposium to address the implications of autonomous
vehicles for cities and regions (tentatively scheduled for March 2017).
 SMART
Recent APA Smart Cities

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Activities
 APA’s Sustainable
Community Division (SCD)
and the APA Student
Representatives Council
just announced a student
competition at APA’s 2017
National Planning
Conference in NYC in May
Why do we need planners / planning?

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Q&A and Additional Resources

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 https://www.planning.org/resources/onther
adar/smartcities/
 Information on upcoming Smart City-related
conferences
 Information on the Smart Cities Student Design
Competition
 Information on the Smart Cities Awards

 https://www.planning.org/resources/onther
adar/smartcities/smartcitiesbibliography.htm
 Links to the Smart Cities White Paper, Innovation
Portal, articles and other resources
 SMART
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Thank You
Introduction to Smart Cities

American Planning Association (APA)

APA Texas Chapter State Conference
& Short Course for Planning Officials

San Antonio, Texas Image Source: Smart City Council

Thursday, November 3, 2016

3:30 p.m. - 5:00 p.m. Matt Bucchin, AICP, LEED GREEN ASSOCIATE
Senior Planner with Halff Associates, Inc., Austin, TX