Module 46: Triangles

Lesson
Triangles
1

What’s New

What is the name It is called a triangle.

of a polygon with You know what; triangle
three sides? has primary and
secondary parts.

What Is It

A triangle is a polygon with exactly three sides and three angles. The
basic parts of the triangle are the sides, vertices and angles.

B ∆𝑨𝑩𝑪 has the following parts:

Sides : ̅𝐴̅𝐵̅, 𝐵̅𝐶̅, ̅𝐶̅𝐴̅

C Vertices : Point A, Point B, Point C

A
Angles: ∠𝐴, ∠𝐵, ∠𝐶

Other terms are related to triangle such as the altitude, angle

bisector, and median. These are considered as the secondary parts of a
triangle.

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The altitude of a triangle is a segment drawn from one vertex of a triangle
perpendicular to the opposite side. It is also known as the height of a triangle.
AT is an altitude of ∆𝐶𝐴𝑅.

The angle bisector of a triangle is a segment that divides an angle of a triangle into
two congruent angles.

AM is an angle bisector of ∆𝐵𝐴𝑇.

The median of a triangle is a segment drawn from any vertex of a triangle to the
midpoint of the opposite side.
̅𝑈̅𝑃̅ is median of ∆𝐹𝑈𝑁.

Thus, every triangle has:

 three altitudes,
 three angle bisectors; and
 three medians.

Remember!
The parts of a triangle are:
Primary Parts Sides Vertices Angles Secondary Parts
Altitude Angle
Bisector
Median
You can construct triangles when you are given three sides, two sides and one
angle, or one side and two angles.

2
 What’s More

Activity 1: Name Me!

Let’s Find Out: Parts of a triangle
Let’s Use These Materials: answer sheet and pen/pencil

Let’s Do It This Way: Draw the given triangle on your answer sheet and
name its different parts.

S
PARTS OF ∆𝐾𝑆𝐸

Sides:
Vertices:
Angles:
Altitude:
Angle Bisector:
K H A R E Median:

Lesson
Classifications of Triangles
2

What’s New

Activity 2: Describe Me!

Let’s Find Out: Classifications of Triangles
Let’s Use These Materials: answer sheet, pen/pencil, ruler, and
protractor
Let’s Do It This Way:
1. Copy the table on your answer sheet.

3
 2. Based on the triangles constructed from activity 3. Describe its
sides and angles. The first one is done for you.
Description Triangle Formed Sides Angles
1. Triangle ACT
with sides 5 cm, 5
cm and 5 cm.

2. Triangle HOT
with one side
measures 7 cm
and two angles
measure 50° and
100°.

3. Triangle BAN
with sides 6 cm
and 6 cm with one
angle measures
90°.

What Is It

A. Classifications of Triangles According to Sides

Triangles can be classified according to the number of congruent

sides.

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 ∆𝐷𝑂𝐺

which has all congruent

∆𝑊𝐼𝑁 which has no congruent
sidesis known tobescalene
triangle.

∆𝑀𝐴𝑃 which has two congruent

sides is known as isosceles triangle.
The two congruent sides are
called the legs and the third side is
called the base. The angles which are
formed by the base and one of the legs
are called base angles and the angle
formed by the two legs is called the
vertex angle.
Legs: AM, AP
Base: MP
Base Angles: ∠𝑀, ∠𝑃
Vertex Angle: ∠𝐴

EQUILATERAL ISOSCELES SCALENE

TRIANGLE TRIANGLE TRIANGLE
- a triangle with all - a triangle with - a triangle with
three congruent two congruent no congruent
sides. sides. side.

B. Classifications of Triangles According to Angles

5
 Triangles can also be classified according to its angles.

∆𝐹𝑈𝑁 is an acute triangle

because all of its angles are acute.

∆𝑀𝐴𝑁 is an equiangular
triangle because all of its angles are
equal.

∆𝐵𝑂𝑌 is a right triangle

because it has exactly one right angle.
Hypotenuse The perpendicular sides of a
Legs
right triangle are called the legs of the
right triangle while the longest side is
Legs called the hypotenuse.

∆𝐵𝐸𝐷

is an obtuse triangle

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 ACUTE RIGHT OBTUSE EQUIANGULAR
TRIANGLE TRIANGLE TRIANGLE TRIANGLE
- a triangle with - a triangle - a triangle - a triangle with
three acute with one right with one three equal
angles. angle. obtuse angle. angles.
(each measure 60°)

Let us now classify the triangles in activity 4.

TRIANGLE SIDES CLASSIFICATION ANGLES CLASSIFICATION

C
All angles Equiangular
are Triangle
All sides
congruent
are Equilateral
/equal
A T
congruent Triangle
/equal
Has three Acute
acute Triangle
angles
A

Has two
Has one
congruent Isosceles Obtuse
obtuse
/equal Triangle Triangle
angle
sides
B N

O
Has no
congruent Scalene Has one Right
/equal Triangle right angle Triangle
side
H T

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 From the table, equilateral triangle can be equiangular, isosceles
triangle can be obtuse, and scalene triangle can be right.

OTHER CLASSIFICATIONS OF TRIANGLE

NAME DESCRIPTION FIGURE
m BA = 1.44 B
A right triangle with cm m BC =
Scalene Right
no congruent sides 4.04 cm m AC =
3.77 cm A C
mCAB = 90.00°
m DF = 1.55 D
An obtuse triangle cm m DE =
Scalene Obtuse with no congruent 4.99 cm m FE
sides = 4.00 cm F E

mDFE = 121.52°
m HG = 4.57 cm
m HI = 2.36 cm H
An acute triangle m GI = 4.69 cm
Scalene Acute with no congruent
mIGH = 29.49°
sides
mGHI = 77.89° G I
mHIG = 72.61°

K
m LK = 3.87 cm
A right triangle with m KJ = 2.74 cm
Isosceles Right
two congruent sides m JL = 2.74 cm

mLJK = 90.00° L
J
M
m MO = 2.88 cm
An obtuse triangle m ON = 2.88 cm
Isosceles Obtuse with two congruent m MN = 4.73 cm
sides mMON = 110.43° N
O

m QP = 4.41 cm
Q
m QR = 4.41 cm
An acute triangle m PR = 3.97 cm
Isosceles Acute with two congruent mPQR = 53.44°
sides mQRP = 63.28°
mRPQ = 63.28°
P R
Equilateral triangle
with all angles T
m SU = 4.26 cm
congruent.
m TS = 4.26 cm
m TU = 4.26 cm
Equilateral Note: Equilateral mUST = 60.00°
Equiangular triangle is always an mSTU = 60.00°
equiangular triangle. mTUS = 60.00°
Also, equiangular S U
triangle is always an
equilateral triangle.
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 What’s More

Activity 3: Classify Me!

Let’s Find Out: Kinds of triangles
Let’s Use These Materials: answer sheet, pen/pencil, ruler and protractor.
Let’s Do It This Way: Measure the sides and angles of the given triangles
and classify them. Write the name of each triangle that belongs to
the group. Write your answer in your answer sheet.

U
O S U
E

H N
F X P N

C
A
O

F I
G E D Y

Classifications of Triangles According to Sides

Equilateral Isosceles Scalene
∆𝐹𝑂𝑋

Classifications of Triangles According to Angles

Acute Right Obtuse Equiangular
∆𝐹𝑂𝑋