ART INTEGRATION-2021-2022 GENERAL SCIENCE

CONCEPT OF GREENHOUSE
PROJECT-1

AADYA BATRA
 CONTENTS

1. WHAT IS GREENHOUSE
2. ADVANTAGES
3. TYPES OF GREENHOUSE
4. CROP SUITABILITY
5. GREENHOUSE CROPS
6. COST EFFECTIVENESS
7. MATERIALS REQUIRED
8. A VISIT TO SINGAPORE GREENHOUSE FARMS - AN UNFORGETTABLE
EXPERIENCE !!!
9. GOVERNMENT POLICIES
10. GREEN JOBS FOR RURAL YOUTH EMPLOYMENT
 ADVANTAGES OF GREENHOUSE
Importance of greenhouse farming which prove the fact as to why they have gained
so much importance are
● Greenhouses need a lot less irrigation than normal farming as it traps the
moisture.
● Reduces the duration of cropping and increases the quality of crops too.
● The temperature and humidity are very effectively controlled as per the
requirement of the plants.
● Through greenhouses, it is possible to grow off-season crops as well.
● Educated youth can create opportunities for self-employment through the
usage of greenhouses.
● Pests are very easily controlled.
● It is very versatile as crops can be grown in various climatic conditions.
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Govt plans Rs 65,000-crore project to reduce greenhouse gases from agriculture

The goal of the project, with a run period 2018-2025, is to

“sequestrate” 49.9 million tonnes of carbon gasses through improved
agro-ecosystems.
 Green jobs for rural youth employment
(Greenhouse
farming provides
green jobs for
rural youth
employment )
A VISIT TO SINGAPORE GREENHOUSE FARMS -
AN UNFORGETTABLE EXPERIENCE !!!
ADITYA ACHARYA
Role of Carbon Dioxide in Photosynthesis
During the process of photosynthesis, cells use carbon dioxide and energy from the Sun to
make sugar molecules and oxygen. During this process, energy from the ATP and
NADPH(Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate) molecules generated by the light
reactions drives a chemical pathway that uses the carbon in carbon dioxide (from the
atmosphere) to build a three-carbon sugar called glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). Cells then
use G3P to build a wide variety of other sugars (such as glucose) and organic molecules.

Then, via respiration processes, cells use oxygen and glucose to synthesize energy-rich carrier
molecules, such as ATP, and carbon dioxide is produced as a waste product.
Greenhouse Gases
Global warming is recognized by almost all atmospheric
scientists as a significant environmental problem caused by an
increase in levels of certain trace gases in the atmosphere since
the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in the mid-18th
century. These gases, collectively called greenhouse gases,
include carbon dioxide, organic chemicals called
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), methane, nitrous oxide, ozone,
and many others. These are gases that absorb and emit
radiant energy within the thermal infrared range, causing the
greenhouse effect.
Carbon Dioxide and Methane as a Greenhouse Gas
Carbon dioxide, although not the most potent of the greenhouse gases, is the most
important because of the huge volumes emitted into the air by combustion of fossil fuels
(e.g., gasoline, oil, coal).As a result of the growing worldwide consumption of fossil fuels,
carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere have increased steadily since 1900, and the rate
of increase is accelerating. It has been estimated that if carbon dioxide levels are not
reduced, average global air temperatures may rise another 4 °C (7.2 °F) by the end of
the 21st century.
Methane has more than 80 times the warming power of carbon dioxide over the first 20
years after it reaches the atmosphere. Even though CO2 has a longer-lasting effect,
methane sets the pace for warming in the near term. At least 25% of today’s warming is
driven by methane from human actions. One of the largest methane sources is the oil and
gas industry.
 Structures of Methane and CO2
Methane Carbon Dioxide

Structural Formula:- Structural Formula:-

Electron-Dot Structure:- Electron-Dot Structure:-

 Greenhouse Gases in Delhi
The combustion of fossil fuels accounts for most of Delhi’s GHG
and air pollution emissions. Many human activities generate GHG;
these include energy production and use, manufacturing and
agricultural processes, land use changes, and waste disposal. On
the other hand, some of the activities act as sinks, where GHGs
are deposited/or consumed. In this study, a thorough survey was
done for identifying the sources and sinks responsible for GHGs in
Delhi. The categorization of the sources and sinks has been done
on the basis of the IPCC guidelines (IPCC,2006). Delhi's air
quality remained in the "very poor" category on October 25, with
the Air Quality Index (AQI) recorded at 352. High levels of air
pollution in Delhi is a year-round problem, which can be attributed
to unfavourable meteorological conditions, farm fires in
neighbouring regions and local sources of pollution.
Pollution in Sikkim
Sikkim is a small Indian State known for its clean and green
image. The State enjoys good air and water environment and
hosts more than 25% of the country's biodiversity. Amidst
several economic and infrastructural developments taking
place in the State, Sikkim has amicably sustained its natural
resources with hosts of environment amelioration initiatives.
Sikkim is now known as one the cleanest State of the country
and boast of Gangtok, its capital town being declared as the
Cleanest Hill Station and Cleanest Town of the country.
Comparison between actions of Delhi and Sikkim
Government to control pollution in their states
Delhi
The Government of Delhi has taken many steps to
reduce air pollution. On the roads of Delhi, the ‘Red
Light On, Gaadi Off ‘ campaign was launched by
the government to tackle air pollution. The Delhi
Government has banned the use of diesel
generators except for emergency or essential
services. Control measures so far instituted include
introduction of unleaded petrol (1998), catalytic
converter in passenger cars (1995), reduction of
sulfur content in diesel (2000) and reduction of
benzene content in fuels (2000).
Sikkim
The Government of Sikkim has imposed ban on use
of firecrackers, prohibited burning of agricultural
waste, banned the use of styrofoam products,
banned burning of tyres, banned use of polythene
carry bags and chemical fertilizers. Sikkim has
hosts of flagship programmes like State Green
Mission, Ten Minutes to Earth, Smriti Van and
Paryavaran Mahotsav programmes which has
greatly mobilised the entire state's populace in
plantation and cleanliness activities throughout the
State.
PHYSICS

Group-1
 CONCAVE LENS
1. The image formed by the concave lens is always virtual and diminished in size
.It’s focus is negative because it is in the front of the lens .It is a diverging lens .
2. When an object is placed at infinity, a virtual image is formed at the
focus. The size of the image is much smaller than that of the object
 CONVEX LENS
1. When an object is placed at infinity, the real image is formed at the
focus. The size of the image is much smaller than that of the object.
2. When an object is placed behind the center of curvature, the real image
is formed between the center of curvature and focus. The size of the
image is the same as compared to that of the object.
3. Whenan object is at the center of curvature, the real image is
formed at the other center of curvature. The size of the image is
the same as compared to that of the object.

.
4. Whenan object is placed in between the center of curvature
and focus, the real image is formed behind the center of
curvature. The size of the image is larger than that of the object.
5. When an object is placed at the focus, a real image is
formed at infinity. The size of the image is much larger than
that of the object.
6. When an object is placed in between focus and pole, a
virtual image is formed. The size of the image is larger than
that of the object.
NATURE OF THE EYE LENS AND HOW IT ENABLES US TO SEE
The human eye consists of the cornea, iris, pupil,ciliary
muscles, eye lens, retina, and optical nerve.

It works on the refraction of light through a natural convex

lens made up of transparent living material and enables us
to see things around us by focusing the light along with the
cornea on the retina at the back so that real images will be
formed.
When light hits the retina, special cells called
photoreceptors turn the light into electrical signals.
These electrical signals travel from the retina through the
optic nerve to the brain. Then the brain turns the signals
into the images you see.
ROLE OF THE OTHER PARTS OF THE HUMAN
EYE IN IMAGE FORMATION

The lens focuses light through the

vitreous humor, a clear gel-like
substance that fills the back of the eye
and supports the retina. The retina
receives the image that the cornea
focuses through the eye's internal lens
and transforms this image into
electrical impulses that are carried by
the optic nerve to the brain.
HOW DOES HUMAN EYE ENABLES US TO SEE
OBJECTS AT DIFFERENT DISTANCES
When the ciliary muscles are relaxed, the
eye lens becomes thin, the focal length
increases, and the distant objects are clearly
visible to the eyes. To see the nearby objects
clearly, the ciliary muscles contract making
the eye lens thicker. Thus, the focal length
of the eye lens decreases and the nearby
objects become visible to the eyes. Hence,
the human eye lens is able to adjust its focal
length to view both distant and nearby
objects on the retina. This ability is called
the power of accommodation of the eyes.
THANK YOU
CREDITS:-
Aadya batrA
AARAV SINGH
YOSHITA
ADITYA ACHARYA
AADITYA PRATAP