Chapter #01

14) Itroduction
Mechanics
oldest phystcal sdence that deals wilh
both stationahyand
mouing bodies wnder
the nfuence of forces.
Startics
Branch of mechanics that deals ulh
bodies ot est
Dynamic
Granch of mechanies thatdeals uulh
bodies in motton
Fuid Mechanics
the Science that deals ilh he behaviHo
of fuids
fuuids a hest or in moluwn. and
tera ctuon of fuids uith solids or other
fuuids at the boundanie
Hydrodynamics
Study o motion of fuid which
approimated as incompressfb le wsually
 ads hyohodynomics
hefferead

Hydraulics

dealsuth
the auid flow un pipes and
open channels. 9t sub- category o
hydhodynamics

Gas DynamicS
the flow of fuids that underoo
deals wth
signiftcant density changes Such as flow
of gases (espeeiatty-attr) hrough moRale
at high speed
Aerodynamics
doals with the flow 0f gases (aih) Over

bodies such as a crafts, rockets Cund

automobles at high or. low speed

Meteorology deals with natunaley

Oceanography u
oCwhing flows
Hydrolagy

Fluid: Cquiod or gas

o r gas
Substance in
A called fuid. or anythin

phase
COun flow
that
 Distinctuon between solid and fuuds
s mdde on the basis 0f substance ability
to hesist an applied sheas stress t h a t
tends to
chang Shape
Solid Fuid
Can Tesist applied shear Fulds Continuousy
stress by deforming. deforms undes he
infuence of shea
Stress
Stress is_propotuönal to Stress s propotional to
Strain strain Tate
At constant sheas orce, a > fuids neven stops
Sold stops defoming at deforming and neach
Some fined stran angle la constant rate of struin.

"Application Areas of Fuuid Mechanics"

4Artiftcial Heants breathing machines and

diaysis Sstem ane dostgned using fuid
fuuid
dynamics
2) Pping Systom
3 Transportation of fuel un QUutomobles
Heatirnq and ah- conditioning system
Hyohaulic Brakes
 6) Power steering
aQutomatù tansmiasion

wbricatiom Systemn
Cooling system
a)
)Design Analysu of
and
ahcraftE, boats
submarinesockets jet engines, wind tuwbines
Hlomedical
biomedical
deuicoswoling system for electronu
Component transportatuon
Systen for mouurg
wator, ude oi aund
matunal 9a
Deston buuldings bridges billbowds
12) Noatuwhal phendmenon Such as roun
weodther potterns, ise
ycde,
of ground Wates
the
top 0 inds trees
ocean waues.
cunent un
lange water bodues ahe also
0verned by phinupes of fud MechanC

No- slip Condituon:

A Suudn
dnect Contact tuith
h a solid sticks
to he
Swnface,and thee is no slp. Thub ts
known as 0- slip condition,
The property vesponsible for n0 slip C8mdilon
and
dlevolopment of bowndary Laye s wbtosiy
the wall n
The flow heguen adjacent to
ate
which the ahe signticant
wsCows ehtects
called boundony layers
 Another conseguences mo-sip conditusm
surface drag or skin fhictuon drag
drau9
which force Suid enerts on a Sunface
in ow diectien
Flow Sepaahation process n which

the boundlony Louyeh may no Longe hemaun

ttached To the Swnface und sepanates from

Shface
A similar phenomenon OCchh% heat

transfer Two boodues nilh dihhherdt tempaluny

ahe broughd un contact h.eat transfer occunk
hat both boolues a4sume same temperatve
Such
haue
and olid hae
ot
at Contact points. Thus, fuid
at cemtactpoint. hi
Same tempenatue
wnlituon
known as no- temperature jump