DATA CENTER

EVOLUTION

Jacques Fluet
October 13, 2022
Telecommunications Industry Association (TIA)

• TIA is an association of over 400 member companies

• Activities
– Standards development
• TR-8 Mobile and Personal Private Radio Standards
• TR-14 Structural Standards for Communication and Small Wind Turbine Support Structures
• TR-42 Telecommunications Cabling Systems
• TR-45 Mobile and Point-to-Point Communications Standards
• TR-60 ICT Lifecycle Management
• TL 9000 ICT Quality Management System
• SCS 9001 Supply Chain Security
– Technology programs
• Smart Buildings
• Data Centers
– TIA-942 Data Center Infrastructure standard
– TIA-942 Data center certification program
– Government Affairs
• www.tiaonline.org
Digital Transformation
Access to
services

Safety Security
• Augmented Humanity
• Society 5.0 (Japan) Quality of life

Assets
Sustainability
efficiency
Simplification and
personalization

From: Information gathering and reporting

To: Autonomous data analysis and pro-active actions

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Digital World Expansion

• By 2025, 181 zettabytes (or 181 trillion gigabytes) of data will be generated around the globe,
and more than 90 zettabytes of that data will be created by edge devices, according to IDC’s
Data Age 2025 report
– Every day, 333.1 billion emails are sent (Statista)
– More then 500 hours of content are uploaded to YouTube every minute (YouTube)
– Every day, people watch over 1 billion hours of YouTube video (YouTube)
– Every day, people watch over 200 million hours of Netflix video (Netflix)
• Gartner predicts that by 2025, three-quarters of enterprise-generated data will be created and
processed at the edge – outside a traditional centralized data center or cloud. That’s up from
just 10 percent in 2018.

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 Advanced Services

• Connected Vehicles: Advanced driver assistance

systems (ADAS), autonomous vehicles (AV)
• Intelligent traffic control, drone air traffic control
• Smart factories, smart buildings, smart data
centers, etc.
• Smart electrical grid
• Telehealth, assisted surgery, assisted diagnosis,
remote surgery
• VR/AR assisted education, entertainment
• Asset tracking
• And many more …

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 Next Generation Services Performance
Dense Urban Mobile Broadband
(MBB)
User DL data rate: 300 Mbps
DL Traffic density: 750 Gbps/km2
User density: 25,000/km2
Mobility: 0-60 km/h
Electricity Distribution – High Voltage
E2E latency: 5 ms
Jitter: 1 ms
Availability: 99.9999%
Traffic density: 100 Gbps/km2
Connection density: 1,000/km2
Robotic Motion Control Intelligent Transport Systems
E2E latency: 1 ms E2E latency: 10 ms
Jitter: 1 µs Jitter: 20 ms
Availability: 99.9999% Availability: 99.9999%
Traffic density: 1 Tbps/km2 Traffic density: 10 Gbps/km2
Connection density: 100,000/km2 Connection density: 1,000/km2
Massive Machine-Type- Augmented and Virtual Reality
Communication (MTC) (AR/VR)
E2E latency: Seconds to hours Immersive video: 6 DoF
Data rate: 1-100 kbps User DL data rate: 1 Gbps
User density: 200,000/km2 E2E latency: 7 -15 ms
Mobility: 0-500 km/h Motion-to-Photon: 15 ms
Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex: 7 ms
Ref: 3GPP TS 22.261 V18.1.1 (2021-01)
Enabling Mobile Augmented and Virtual Reality with 5G Networks (Jan 2017)
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5G Vision and Requirements
Vision:
• “Services-defined network”: The network is no longer a limitation to the creativity of the application
developers

Requirements:
• Software-defined networks – virtual cloud-native network functions, virtual open RAN
• Distributed cloud-native computing – efficient use of the network resources
• Low latency – edge computing, CUPS (Control and User Plane Separation)
• High performance – MEC (Multi-access Edge Computing), new spectrum (mmWave)
• Reliable performance – network slicing
• Ubiquitous – Non-Terrestrial Network: Satellites, HAPS (High Altitude Platform Station)
• Adaptable network – dynamic orchestration, close-loop monitoring, autonomous networks
• Everything is connected – massive IoT (Internet of Things)

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Next Gen Information Technology (IT) infrastructure paradigm change

• Continuous growth in the volume of data being managed

• Everything is getting connected
• Need to support a wide variety of services with a wide variety of performance requirements
(availability, data rate, latency, security, density, mobility, etc.)
• Must deliver a reliable quality of experience for each type of services
• Computing is moving closer to the source of the data
• Sustainability considerations will continue to expand in scope

The Next Gen IT infrastructure must adapt itself to the new services

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Data Center Model Evolution

Distributed network of data centers that delivers services efficiently

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Data Centers

Google

Schneider Electric

Amazon Snowcone

Vertiv
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Data Center Evolution Trends

• Increased power density

– Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning (AI/ML)
– AR/VR
• Liquid cooling
– Direct-to-Chip
– Immersion cooling
• Sustainability
– Renewable energy (carbon emission reduction)
• Including emergency power
– Efficient energy usage
– Water usage reduction
– Microgrid
– Heat re-use
• Distributed computing
– Cloud, regional, local, on-site

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Data Center Orchestration

• Service Level Agreements Service Level

– Availability Agreements
– Performance
– Security

• Resources efficiency
– Compute, storage, network
– Connectivity
– Power and Cooling
Policies and Resources
• Policies and Regulations
Regulations efficiency
– Carbon footprint
– Scarce resources management
– Privacy

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Digital Twins
Software version of the data centers that is connected to
the physical environment

• Real-time analysis of everything going on in the data center

and its surroundings
– The more data, the more accurate analysis

• Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

– Assess the best possible actions to optimize performance, security,
and resources utilization

• Automation/Autonomy
– Autonomously taking actions and assessing impact

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Automation/Autonomy
Evaluation dimension
Phase Key Feature Execution Perception Analysis Decision- Intent- Scenario
making driven
L0 Network with manual All manual operations Manual Manual Manual Manual Manual None
operation
L1 Network with Computer-assisted data collection, manual analysis Mainly Mainly Manual Manual Manual Few scenarios
computer-assisted and decision-making system manual
operation

L2 Preliminary intelligent Automatic analysis and manual decision-making System Mainly Mainly Manual Manual Some scenarios
autonomous network based on static policies in some scenarios system manual

L3 Intermediate intelligent Automatic analysis of dynamic policies in specific System System Mainly Mainly Manual Most scenarios
autonomous network scenarios and system-assisted manual decision- system manual
making in pre-designed scenarios

L4 Advanced intelligent The system implements complete closed-loop System System System Mainly Mainly Overwhelmingly
autonomous network operation of dynamic policies, and automatically system manual most scenarios
performs intent perception and implementation in
pre-designed scenarios

L5 Fully intelligent The system implements closed-loop operation of all System System System System System All scenarios
autonomous network scenarios, and automatically performs intent
perception and implementation

“Network automation revisited: the 5G priority”, GSMA Intelligence paper, April 2021, Peter Jarich
https://assets.foleon.com/eu-west-2/uploads-7e3kk3/4816/network_automation_report.d5fad1183b51.pdf

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How do we get there?

• Increased monitoring to detect all performance degradations early

• Compute, storage, and network needs for each services will vary over time based on user demand.
They will need to be easily reconfigurable (Software-Defined data centers)
• Automation to process all the data required for real-time adaptation to demand changes and
infrastructure performance variations
• Orchestration interconnectivity between data centers, network operators, application providers, utility
providers and end users
• OT is as important as IT

Data Centers need to be ready to evolve and adapt

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ANSI/TIA-942 Data Center Infrastructure

• TIA-942 Data Center Infrastructure standard

– Developed by an engineer committee of representatives from the industry
– Scope
• Telecommunications
• Power
• Cooling
• Security
• Fire safety
– 4 levels of resiliency
• Basic
• Redundant components
• Concurrently maintainable
• Fault tolerant
• TIA-942-B-1 Edge Data Center Addendum released in February 2022
• TIA-942-C is expected to be released in 1st half of 2023

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TIA-942 Data Center certification program

• Certifications
– Data Center design
– Constructed facility
– Ready (for pre-manufactured data centers)
– 4 rating levels
• Rated-1: Basic
• Rated-2: Redundant components
• Rated-3: Concurrently maintainable
• Rated-4: Fault tolerant
• Certification bodies
– Certification audits performed by TIA-approved certification bodies
• Consistent quality
• Qualified auditors
• Impartiality

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 Gracias
jfluet@tiaonline.org

Data Center Certification: https://tiaonline.org/products-and-services/tia942certification/

Data Center Program: https://tiaonline.org/what-we-do/technology-programs/edge-data-centers/
TIA-942 standard: https://global.ihs.com/csf_home.cfm?&csf=TIA

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