3.

CYLINDER

A. ILLUSTRATION

B. DESCRIPTION
A cylinder is a three-dimensional solid that consists of two parallel circular
bases connected to each other with the help of a curved surface. Cylinder, the
word has been derived from the Latin word ‘cylindrus’ and the Greek word
‘kylindros’. The line passing from the centre or joining the centres of two
circular bases of a cylinder is called the axis. The distance between the circular
bases of the cylinder is the perpendicular distance and is represented as height
or by the letter ‘h’. The distance between the centre of the base of a cylinder
and the outer boundary of the cylinder is the radius of the cylinder, which is
represented by ‘r’.
Types of a Cylinder
1. Right Circular Cylinder
2. Oblique Cylinder
3. Elliptic Cylinder
4. A right Circular Hollow Cylinder or Cylindrical Shell

Some of the important properties of the cylinder are as follows:

1. The bases of the cylinder are always congruent and parallel to each other.

2. If the locus of a line moving parallel and fixed distance from the axis, a right
circular cylinder is produced.

3. A cylinder is quite similar to a prism; the only difference is that it has the
same cross-section everywhere.
 C. Examples of a Cylinder

C.1. Pencil Holder

A pencil holder typically comprises a solid circular base, a curved surface

attached to the circumference of the base, and a hollow circular top.

C.2. Cans

Canned foods or cold drink cans are cylindrical in shape. Hence, cylinder-
shaped objects can be observed very easily in our daily life.
C.3. Gas Cylinder

Gas cylinders are a perfect example of cylindrical objects present around us.
The curved surface joining the two parallel circular bases can be observed
easily.

C.4. Cell

A cell or an electrochemical cell functions as a dc power source and is used to

supply electrical power to the gadgets. Generally, these cells are manufactured
in the shape of cylinders. Hence, the cells that power your TV remote,
trimmer, AC remote, and other daily use objects, are a classic example of
cylindrical objects used in everyday life.
C.5. Oil Tank

The large metallic storage tanks used to store oil are generally cylindrical in
shape. Hence, oil tanks are yet another example of cylinder-shaped objects
used in real life.

C.6. Pencil

An unsharpened pencil is yet another example of a cylinder because it consists

of two circular and parallel bases, namely, the top and the base of the pencil,
and the curved wooden part.
C.7. Trash Bin

Garbage bins are mostly cylindrical in shape that consist of a hollow circular
top and a rigid circular base.

C.8. Bucket

A bucket is a common object used in everyday life that is mostly shaped like a
cylinder.
C.9. Coffee mug

Coffee mugs, cups, drinking glasses, tumblers, etc., are mostly cylindrical in
shape. Hence, the examples of cylindrical objects in real life can be easily
observed by looking inside the utensil cabinet of your kitchen.

Other objects include the following

C.10. Log of a Wood
C.11. Toilet Paper Roll
C.12. Perfume or Deodorant Bottle
C.13. Water Tank or Water Bottle
C.14. Candle
C.15. Chimney
C.16. Drum 
C.17. Beaker 
C.18. Test Tube
C.19. Cake
C.20. Well