B s HANDOUT

ASIC SPEAKING & GRAMMAR

INTENSIVE
ENGLISH

What is your motivation to learn English?

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Class :___________________________________
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BRAVE CLASS
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 The Alphabet
A B C D E
eI bi: si: di: i:

F G H I J
ef ʤi: eiʧ ai ʤei

K L M N O
kei el Em en əʊ / ᴏʊ

P Q R S T
pi: kju: ɑ:(r) es ti:

U V W X Y
ju: vi: dʌblju eks / iks wai

Z
zi: / zed

Number
A. Cardinal

1 one 11 Eleven
2 two 12 Twelve
3 three 13 Thirteen
4 four 14 fourteen
5 five 15 Fifteen
6 six 16 Sixteen
7 seven 17 Seventeen
8 eight 18 Eighteen
9 nine 19 Nineteen
10 ten 20 Twenty

21 twenty one 100 a hundred

22 twenty two 101 a hundred and one
23 twenty three 202 two hundred and two
24 twenty four 150 a hundred and fifty
25 twenty five 1.000 a thousand
30 thirty 1.000.000 a million
50 Fifty 1.000.000.000 a billion

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B. Ordinal

1 first 11 Eleventh
2 second 12 Twelfth
3 third 13 Thirteenth
4 forth 14 Fourteenth
5 fifth 15 Fifteenth
6 sixth 16 Sixteenth
7 seventh 17 Seventeenth
8 eight 18 Eighteenth
9 ninth 19 Nineteenth
10 tent 20 Twentieth

21 twenty first 100 a hundredth

22 twenty second 101 a hundred and first
23 twenty third 202 two hundred and second
24 twenty fourth 303 three hundred and third
25 twenty fifth 1.000 a thousandth
30 thirtieth 1.000.000 a millionth
50 fiftieth 1.000.000.000 a billionth

Days and Months

Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday

Minggu Senin Selasa Rabu Kamis Jum’at Sabtu

January February March April May June

July August September October November December

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 Telling Time
A. American style

hour : minute
07.30 it is seven thirty
10.15 it is ten fifteen
04.00 it is four AM
16.00 it is four PM

B. British style

minute : hour
o’clock Tepat
past Lebih
quarter past lebih15 menit
to Kurang
quarter to kurang 15 menit
half 30 menit

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4
 Part of Speech
(Jenis-Jenis Kata Dalam Kalimat)
A. Noun (kata benda)
Definisi: suatu kata yang menunjukkan benda, nama orang, tumbuhan, hewan, tempat dan
gagasan baik yang dapat dilihat maupun tidak dapat dilihat.
1. Concrete noun (nyata/dapat dilihat)
 Pen, book, hand phone, wall, door, etc.
 Reno, Rahman,Sayid, Jaka, Agus, etc.
 Tree, jasmine, rose, leaf, flower, etc.
 Horse, dog, cat, bee, bird, bear, crocodile, etc.
 Mosque, building, temple, church, etc.
2. Abstract noun (tidak nyata/ tidak dapat dilihat)
 Love, health, decision, agreement, etc.
 Ghost, wind, happiness, anger, etc.

B. Verb (kata kerja)

Definisi: suatu kata yang menunjukkan pekerjaan atau aktivitas.
1. Ordinary verb (kata kerja asli)
 Wash, eat, drink, swim, talk
2. Auxiliary verb (kata kerja bantu)
a. Ordinary auxiliary (kata kerja bantu asli)
 Do/does
 Did
 Have/has
 Had
b. Modal auxiliary
 Will, shall, can, may, must, should, ought to, would, have to, used to
3. Linking verb
Definisi: kata kerja yang menghubungkan antara subject dengan complement.
a. Tobe
 Am, is, are (Present)
 Was, were(Past)
b. Ordinary linking verb (stative verb)
 Appear Nampak/kelihatan
 Seem Kelihatan
 Look Terlihat
 Feel Merasa
 Taste Terasa
 Hear Mendengar

4. Transitive verb
Definisi: kata kerja yang membutuhkan objek
 Eat, listen, sing, cut, study, etc.
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 5. Intransitive verb
Definisi: kata kerja yang tidak membutuhkan objek
 Live, stay, sleep, go, swim, come, run, act, agree, etc.

C. Adjective (kata sifat)

Definisi: kata yang menjelaskan (mensifati) benda lain (noun dan pronoun)
Contoh:
 She is beautiful (dia cantik)
 My sister is lazy (adik ku malas)
 The tie is thin (dasi itu tipis)

Bentuk adjective biasanya:

1. Character
Arrogant, kind, stingy, honest, patient, cruel, naughty, wise, cranky, fussy, etc.
2. Quality
Handsome, beautiful, poor, rich, lazy, diligent, stupid, clever, smart, crazy, etc.
3. Size
Small, big, large, wide, long, short, medium, high, etc.
4. Temperature
Hot, cold, warm, fresh, etc.
5. Age
Old, young, new, modern, etc.
6. Shape
Round, square, triangle, circle, rectangle, angle, etc.
7. Color
Red, white, yellow, blue, black, brown, orange, purple, etc.
8. Participle
Crying baby, wanted person, etc.

D. Adverb (kata keterangan)

Ada banyak jenis kata keterangan dalam bahasa Inggris, dan adverb yang harus diketahui
adalah sebagai berikut:
1. A dverb of place (keterangan tempat)
 They will wait for me here.
 I study English at school.
 She prays in the mosque
2. Adverb of time (keterangan waktu)
 Days (hari): Sunday, Monday, etc.
 Months (bulan): July, August, etc.
 Years (tahun): 2001, 2002, etc.
 Time (waktu): at 7 o’clock

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E. Preposition (kata depan)
Definisi: kata yang menunjukkan hubungan antara noun dan pronoun dan kata lainnya
dalam kalimat.

Above Diatas With Dengan

On Di/diatas Near Dekat
In Di/didalam Out Diluar
At Di/pada Of Dari
Beside Di samping For Untuk
Behind Di belakang By Dengan
in front of Di depan Inside Di dalam
About Sekitar/tentang After Setelah
Without Tanpa Before Sebelum
Between Di antara (2 objek) Among Di antara (lebih dari 2 objek)

F. Conjunction (kata hubung)

Definisi: suatu kata yang digunakan untuk menghubungkan antara kata satu dengan yang
lain, kalimat satu dengan kalimat yang lain dan ungkapan yang satu dengan ungkapan yang
lain.

When Ketika But tapi/tetapi

And Dan Before sebelum
After sesudah That bahwa
If Jika Because karena

G. Pronoun (kata ganti)

Subject Object Possessive Possessive Reflexive

I Me My Mine Myself
You You Your Yours Yourself
They Them Their Theirs Themselves
We Us Our Ours Ourselves
She Her Her Hers Herself
He Him His His Himself
It It Its Its Itself

H. Interjenction (kata seru)

Definisi: ucapan atau ungkapan yang tiba-tiba muncul karena emosi (kaget, takut,
terkejut, senang, etc)
 Oh my god!
 Watch out!
 Help me!

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 Degree of Comparison
A. Positive degree

Formula:

S + tobe + as + adjective / adverb + as + O.

 John is handsome.
 My father is handsome.
 John is as handsome as my father.
 The rock is hard.
 Their ice cube is hard.
 The rock is as hard as theirs.

B. Comparative degree

Er More
smart Smarter Stupid more stupid
small smaller handsome more handsome
big bigger beautiful more beautiful
tall taller expensive more expensive
short shorter diligent more diligent
near nearer
hard harder
cheap cheaper
nice nicer
Formula:

S + tobe + adjective/adverb (er/more) + than + O.

 My phone is big.
 His phone is small.
 My phone is bigger than his phone.
 His phone is smaller than my phone.
 Susan is beautiful.
 Susi is ugly.
 Susan is more beautiful than Susi.

C. Superlative degree

Est The Most

Smart Smartest stupid the most stupid
small smallest handsome the most handsome
big biggest beautiful the most beautiful
tall tallest expensive the most expensive
short shortest diligent the most diligent
near nearest
hard hardest
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 cheap cheapest
nice nicest

Formula:

S + tobe + adjective/ adverb (est/the most) + O.

 My phone is the biggest.
 His phone is the smallest.
 Susan is the most beautiful.

Note:

1. Er/est digunakan pada adjective/adverb yang satu suku kata (syllable)

2. More/the most digunakan pada adjective/adverb yang suku kata (syllable) lebih dari satu
3. Ada adjective/adverb yang 2 suku kata yang bias memakai er/es tatau more/the most
diantaranya clever, handsome, simple, polite. Namun jangan terlalu ambil pusing, yang
penting kalian dan orang lain paham.

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 Tenses
 Simple Present
Time signal:
Everyday, every week, every Sunday, often, always, sometimes, usually, once, twice, etc.

Verbal
I go to school.
They take a bath.
+ S + V1s/es + O.
She cries.
My mother washes my shoe.
You do not come to my
- S + do/does + not + V1 + O. house.
He does not learn English.
Do I study?
? Do/Does + S + V1 + O? Does my sister clean her
room?

Penambahan s/es

Es> apabila bertemu dengan kata kerja yang berkahiran ss, sh, x, ch, o, y.

Contoh:

Pass passes he passes on his examination

Push pushes she pushes that cart
Mix mixes Alex mixes whisky with wine
touch touches Jenny touches Michael’s hand
Go goes Rere goes to school everyday

S > semua kata kerja yang tidak berakhiran ss, sh, x, ch, o, y, maka untuk orang ketiga
tunggal (she, he, it) harus ditambahkan s.

Untuk y ada 2 aturan:

1. Y diubah menjadi I dan ditambahkan es.Apabila huruf sebelum y berupa konsonan (huruf
mati)
Contoh:

cry : cries Try : tries

fly : flies Spy : spies

2. Y tidak diubah hanya ditambahkan s. Apabila huruf sebelum y berupa vocal (huruf hidup)
Contoh:

buy : buys Pay : pays

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 Nominal
I am handsome.
+ S + tobe + A/N/A. You are beautiful.
She is ugly.
I am not stupid.
- S + tobe + not + A/N/A. They are not diligent.
He is not tidy.
Am I beautiful?
? Tobe + S + A/N/A? Are you smart?
Is my mom pretty?
Note: tobe dalam simple present adalah am, are dan is

 Present Continuous
Time signal:
Now, at present, this moment, this time, today, right now, everyday at 7 o’clock

Verbal
I am playing football.
+ S + tobe + Ving + O. They are swimming.
My granny is cooking in the kitchen.
I am not smoking.
- S + tobe + not + Ving + O. We are not studying.
My friend is not eating meatball.
Am I writing?
? Tobe + S + Ving + O? Are they cleaning the yard?
Is Agus watching a movie?
Note: untuk rumus nominal present continuous sama seperti nominal simple present

 Simple Future
Time signal:
Tomorrow, next time, next week, next month, next year.

Verbal
Jaka will throw the rock.
+ S + will + V1 + O.
Uce will kick Heri.
Novi will not read a book.
- S + will + not + V1 + O.
They will not publish the information.
Will you invite me to your party?
? Will + S + V1 + O?
Will she give her bag to me?

+ S + will + be + A/N/A.
- S + will + not + be + A/N/A.
? Will + S + be + A/N/A?
Nominal
Alex will be good at math.
She will be a good teacher.
My mom and my father will be good couple.
They will not be good team.
He will not be a good leader.
Will she be my best partner?
Will he be a good husband?

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 Simple Past
Time signal:
Yesterday, two years ago, last time, three days ago, this morning, last week, last month, last
year

Verbal
You and I spent this rice together.
+ S + V2 + O.
She sang the song beautifully.
They did not return my money.
- S + did + not + V1 + O.
My friends and I did not join the class.
Did you bring my books?
? Did + S + V1 + O?
Did he go home?

Nominal
I was handsome.
+ S + tobe + A/N/A. You were beautiful.
She was ugly.
I was not stupid.
- S + tobe + not + A/N/A. They were not diligent.
He was not tidy.
Was I beautiful?
? Tobe + S + A/N/A? Were you smart?
Was my mom pretty?

 Present Perfect
Time signal:
Just now, ever, up to now, never, already

Verbal
+ S + have/has + V3 + O.
- S + have/has + not + V3 + O.
? Have/Has + S + V3 + O?
Nominal
+ S + have/has + been + A/N/A.
- S + have/has + not + been + A/N/A.
? Have/Has + S + been + A/N/A?
I have bought the phone.
She has updated her books’ collection.
He and his father have gone to Europe.
Riska has not read the book.
Ian and Heri have not bought ticket.
My granddad has not slept.
Have I booked the ticket?
Has she cooked for us?
I have been handsome.
You have been beautiful.
She has been ugly.
I have not been stupid.
They have not been diligent.
He has not been tidy.
Have I been beautiful?
Have you been smart?
Has my mom been pretty?

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