SCLP SAMAJ SCHOOL

YEAR 10 CHEMISTRY REVISION WORKSHEET

1. (a) The grid below represents part of the periodic table. Study it and answer the questions that
follow. The letters do not represent the actual symbols of elements. Use the letters to to answer the
questions that follow.

A B C D

E F G H I

(i) Identify the element that:

I. is the most reactive alkali metal………………………………………….…………………. (1)
II. is the most reactive halogen………………………………………….……………….……. (1)
III. is a noble gas ………………………………………….…………………………….……. (1)
IV. forms a giant covalent structure……………………………………….…………………. (1)
V. exists as a liquid at room temperature ………………………………………….………… (1)
(ii) Give the formula of the compound formed between F and D ……….…………………………. (1)
(iii) Elements D and H are in the same group. What does this tell you about their chemical properties? (1)
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(b) The atomic numbers and mass numbers of some elements are as follows;
Element R S T U V W X Y Z

Mass number 19 22 23 32 35 39 39 40 40
Atomic number 9 10 11 16 17 18 19 19 20
(i) How many protons are there in the nucleus of T? …………………………………………………. (1)
(ii) How many electrons are there in an atom of U? …………………………………………………… (1)
(iii) How many neutrons are there in the nucleus of V? ………………………………………………… (1)
(iv) Write down the electron configuration of W ………………………………………………………. (1)
(v) Which of the atoms are isotopes of the same element? …………………………………………… (1)
(vi) Which of the atoms would you expect to form an ion with charge of +2? ………………………… (1)

(vii) Describe how T and V atoms form ions. (2)

(Total for question = 14 marks)

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3. (a) The formula of aluminium nitrate is Al(NO3)3
(i) State the total number of atoms in the formula Al (NO3 )3 ………………….…………………… (1)
(ii)Calculate the percentage by mass of nitrogen in aluminium nitrate is Al(NO3)3 (3)

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(b) A hydrocarbon is found to contain 4.8 g of carbon and 1.0 g of hydrogen. The mass of one mole of
the hydrocarbon is 58. Find its:
(i) empirical formula (3)

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(ii) molecular formula (2)

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(c) Lithium reacts with water to produce hydrogen.
2Li(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2LiOH(aq) +H2(g)
(i) State two observations made when lithium reacts with water. (2)

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(ii) Suggest the pH of the solution formed when rubidium reacts with water and give the formula of the
ion responsible for this pH. (2)

pH ……………………………………… ion responsible ………………………………………….

(iii) In an experiment, 0.36g of lithium completely reacted with water. Calculate the maximum
volume in dm3 of hydrogen produced at room temperature and pressure.
[1 mol of any gas occupies 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure.] (3)

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(Total for question = 16 marks)

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4. (a) A student uses the following method to prepare a sample of hydrated zinc nitrate crystals
Stage 1: pour 50 cm3 of dilute sulphuric acid into a beaker
Stage 2 :warm the acid using a Bunsen burner
Stage 3: add a small amount of zinc carbonate to the warm acid and stir the mixture
Stage 4: add further amounts of zinc carbonate until it is in excess
Stage 5: separate the dilute solution of zinc sulphate from the mixture
Stage 6: obtain crystals from the filtrate
(i) Name the piece of apparatus used to measure the sulphuric acid in stage 1. (1)
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(ii) State why the acid is warmed in stage 2. (1)
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(iii) How would the student know when she has added an excess of zinc carbonate in stage 4? (1)
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(iv) Name the separation method used in step 3. ...................................................................................... (1)

(e) In an experiment, a student completely reacts 9.3 g zinc carbonate with dilute sulphuric acid.
The equations for the reactions involved in the formation of hydrated zinc sulphate crystals from
zinc carbonate are:
ZnCO3(s) + H2SO4(aq) → ZnSO4 (aq) + H2O(l) + CO2(g)

ZnSO4(aq) + 7H2O(l) → ZnSO4·7H2O(l)

(i) Calculate the maximum possible mass of ZnSO4.7H2O crystals that can be obtained.
[Mr of ZnCO3 = 125 Mr of ZnSO4.7H2O = 287 (3)

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(ii) In this experiment, the actual yield of ZnSO4.7H2O crystals is 18.6 g. Calculate the percentage yield
of ZnSO4.7H2O (2)

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(ii) Suggest two reasons why the percentage yield is less than 100%. (2)

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(Total for question = 11 marks)

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 5. The use of ammonium carbonate in smelling salts is due to the formation of ammonia which counters the
effects that cause fainting. When ammonium carbonate is heated gently, it decomposes to form ammonia,
water and carbon dioxide.
(a) Write the equation for the decomposition of ammonium carbonate. (2)

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(b) Complete the table, giving a chemical test, not involving indicators, and its result for each of the
products of the decomposition of ammonium carbonate. (6)

Product Chemical test Result of test

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ammonia
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water ............................................................................... ....................................................................

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carbon
dioxide ............................................................................... ....................................................................
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(b) Potassium chloride is an ionic compound and has a high melting point. Explain why Potassium chloride
has a high melting point. (3)

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(c) Describe a chemical test to show that Potassium chloride contains potassium ions (2)

Test…………………………………………………………………………………………………...…………

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Observation ….………………………………………………………………………….…………...…………
(d) Describe a chemical test to show that Potassium chloride contains potassium ions (2)

Test…………………………………………………………………………………………………...…………

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Observation ….………………………………………………………………………….…………...…………

(Total for question = 15 marks)

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6. (a) Define the term electrolysis (2)

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(b)Predict the products of electrolysis of the molten compounds in the table below. Hence complete the
table. (20)

Molten Product at Half equation of Cathode Product at Half equation of anode

Compound the Cathode reaction the anode reaction
Sodium Chloride

Lead (II) iodide

Magnesium
oxide
Copper (II)
Chloride
Aluminium
oxide

(c) Chlorine is formed by the electrolysis of molten zinc chloride. The diagram shows the apparatus
used.

(i) Name an element that is suitable for making the electrodes. (1)

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(ii) Why is continued heating necessary during the process? (2)
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(iii) Write the half equation for the reactions at the electrodes (2)

Positive electrode……………………………………………………………………….…………

Negative electrode…………………………………………………………………………………

(d) Water can be decomposed by electrolysis using this apparatus.

(i) Suggest why a small amount of dilute acid is added to the water before it is electrolysed. (1)

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(ii) Write the half equation for the reactions at the electrodes (4)

Positive electrode……………………………………………………………………….…………

Negative electrode…………………………………………………………………………………

(iii) The volume of oxygen collected is always slightly less than expected, even though there are no leaks
in the apparatus. Suggest a reason for this. (1)

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(Total for question = 33 marks)
7. The table below shows the melting and boiling points of some pure substances at normal
atmospheric pressure. Study it and answer the questions that follow
Substance Melting temperature (oC) Boiling temperature (oC)
Sodium chloride 801 1465
Ethanol -117 78
Water 0 100
Sulphur 114 444
Oxygen -219 -183

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 (a) Which of the substances
(i) is a solid at room temperature of 25oC ............................................................................... (1)
(ii) is a liquid at temperature of -100oC ....................................................................................... (1)
(iii) has the lowest melting temperature ........................................................................................ (1)
(iv) forms an acidic oxide ............................................................................................................ (1)
(b) Describe the arrangement of particles in sodium chloride and water at room temperature
Sodium chloride (3)
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Water (3)
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(c) Explain the low melting and boiling temperatures of oxygen. (2)

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(d) Draw the dot and cross diagram to show the bonding in sodium chloride. Show outer
electrons only. (2)

(Total for question = 14 marks)

8. Lithium, sodium and potassium are metals in group 1 of the periodic table.
(a) (i) Give three physical properties of all three of these metals which distinguish them from
other metals. (3)
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 (ii) Explain, in terms of electrons in their atoms, why lithium, sodium and potassium are in
group 1 of the periodic table. (1)
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(b) A reaction occurs when a small piece of sodium is added to a large volume of water in a
trough.
(i) Give two observations that you would make during this reaction. (2)

1 .................................................................................................................................................................
2 .................................................................................................................................................................
(ii) After the reaction has finished, a few drops of phenolphthalein indicator are added to the
solution in the trough. Explain the final colour of the solution. (2)
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(iii) Suggest the most likely pH value of the solution in the trough after the reaction is
complete. (1)
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(iv) Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to the solution in the trough until the hydrochloric acid
is just in excess. State and explain how the pH changes as the hydrochloric acid is added to
the solution. (2)
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(c) There is an increase in reactivity of these group 1 metals from lithium to potassium.
Explain this increase in reactivity. (3)
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(Total for question = 14 marks)

9. (a) Explain the meaning of the following terms in terms of electron transfer.
(i) oxidation (1)

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(ii) oxidising agent (1)
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 (b) Study the figure below and answer the questions that follow.

After one week some of the iron wool turned brown.

(i) Explain why the iron wool turned brown. (2)

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(ii) State and explain one other observation made. (2)
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(c) An iron object is coated with zinc to protect it from rusting.
(i) Name this method of protection (1)

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This protection continues even if the zinc coating becomes scratched. The following reactions occur:
Zn → Zn2+ + 2e
Fe2+ + 2e → Fe
(ii) Use this information to explain how the zinc coating protects iron from rusting after scratching. (3)

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(iii) Write the overall ionic equation for the reaction (2)

(iv) Explain clearly why the overall reaction is redox. (2)

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(Total for question = 14 marks)

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6. Strontium chloride-6-water can be made from the insoluble compound, strontium
carbonate, by the following reactions.

SrCO3(s) + 2HCl(aq) → SrCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

SrCl2 (aq) + 6H2O(l) → SrCl2.6H2O(s)

The following method was used to prepare the crystals.

1. Put some dilute hydrochloric acid into a beaker and heat
2. Add excess strontium carbonate to hot hydrochloric acid.
3. Filter the resulting mixture.
4. Partially evaporate the filtrate and allow to cool.
5. Filter off the crystals of SrCl2.6H2O.
6. Dry the crystals.
a) Why is the hydrochloric acid heated in stage 1? (1)
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b) Why is excess of strontium carbonate used in step 2? (1)
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c) How would you know when the strontium carbonate is in excess in step 2? (1)
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d) Why is the mixture filtered in stage 3? (1)

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e) In step 4, why partially evaporate the filtrate rather than evaporate to dryness (1)
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f) Why do crystals form when the hot solution is cooled in step 4 (1)
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g) Suggest a suitable method of drying the crystals step 6 (1)

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h) Calculate the percentage of water of crystallisation in SrCl2.6H2O. (3)
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(i) 0.640g of SrCO3 was used in reaction 1. Calculate the volume of carbon dioxide produced when the
reaction reached completion. (One mole of a gas occupies 24dm3 at room temperature and pressure).
(3)

(Total for question = 13 marks)

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