Working Group Project #3:

Modern Internet Culture ; Smartphones/Dumb People

Authors: Brianna Garcia, Matt Bilichuk, Conner Gallagher, Sebastian Alvarez.

Kinesiology Department, Suny Cortland

EXS 111: Computer Applications

[October 31, 2022]

Subject terms: Automatic Stress Detention in Working environments From Smartphones, adolescent

materialism, the effects of smartphones on the self rated health levels, Smartphones, social media use,

and youth mental health, Motor behavioral, Mood, detection, Promoting physical activity,
 References

Brianna Garcia

Garcia-Ceja, E., Osmani, V., & Mayora, O. (n.d.). Automatic Stress Detection in Working
Environments From Smartphones' Accelerometer Data: A First Step.arXiv:1510.04221

This research article explores the helpful aspect of smartphones today and with the help
of smartphones it is now possible to monitor diverse aspects of human behavior,
including measured behavior related to psychological state and consequently stress. The
smartphones helped gain information using data from the phone to detect behavior that
correleares with stress levels. This article concludes that the increase of workload
increase in stress is negatively affecting the health of the workforce.

Wang P, Nie J, Wang X, et al. How are smartphones associated with adolescent materialism?
Journal of Health Psychology. 2020;25(13-14):2406-2417. doi:10.1177/1359105318801069

This articles conveys the study that examines whether smartphone addiction predicts
adolescent materialism and whether self esteem mediated the relation between
smartphone addiction and adolescent materialism. This was tested through means, SDs,
and zero order for all study variables shown on all tables. This article resulted that the
results showed that self-esteem mediated the relationship between smartphone addiction
and materialism, and student–student relationship moderated the second stage of the
mediation process.

Liang, X., Xiong, F. & Xie, F. The effect of smartphones on the self-rated health levels of
the elderly. BMC Public Health 22, 508 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-
12952-0

This article conveys the study examined the impact of smartphones on the self-rated
health levels of the elderley. This was measured through three aspects smartphone usage,
smartphone usage ability, and smartphone usage purpose. Also, using the propensity
score matching (PSM) method was to analyze the net effect of smartphones on the health
effects of the elderly. The article conveyed that the results Smartphone usage, smartphone
usage ability, and smartphone usage purposes all improved the self-rated health of the
elderly. The Internet factor should be focused on in the process of active aging.

Abi-Jaoude, E., Naylor, K. T., & Pignatiello, A. (2020). Smartphones, social media use and
Youth Mental Health. Canadian Medical Association Journal, 192(6).
https://doi.org/10.1503/cmaj.190434

This article convey many key points regarding smartphone use, one including high
proportions of youth engage in heavy smartphone use and media multitasking, with
resultant chronic sleep deprivation and negative effects on cognitive control,academic
 performance and socioemotional functioning. The article showed overall that the results
showed us that youth could benefit from proven individual and systemic interventions to
help them navigate the challenges brought about by use of smartphones and social media,
protect themselves from harm and use social media in a manner that safeguards their
mental health, against a background of policy initiatives aimed at addressing the social,
environmental and economic factors that underpin family well-being and nurture youth
resilience.

Matt Bilichuk

Sun, Shaoxiong, et al. “Using Smartphones and Wearable Devices to Monitor

Behavioral Changes During COVID-19.” Journal of Medical Internet Research, vol.

22, no. 9, 2020, pp. e19992–e19992, https://doi.org/10.2196/19992.

This article explains the collective experiment to monitor people’s daily life during the
Covid-19 pandemic using smartphones and smartwatches. The data recorded from the
uses of virtual technology such as smartphones shows how long people were
influenced by technology at home and what their days looked like while in the
lockdown. It conveys the points that because of the pandemic, there was a great
increase of people being glued to their phones as well as a change in behavior for
people socially.

Kushlev, Kostadin, et al. “Smartphones Reduce Smiles Between Strangers.”

Computers in Human Behavior, vol. 91, 2019, pp. 12–16,

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.09.023.

This article provides the stance that smartphone usage has affected the social world
negatively as people are too absorbed into technology. It explains that people are
becoming socially disconnected as seen with how they react (such as smiling) when/if
they interact with other people without the availability of their smartphones. It shows
the
behavioral changes that accompany having technology versus not.
 White, Jules, et al. “WreckWatch: Automatic Traffic Accident Detection and

Notification with Smartphones.” Mobile Networks and Applications, vol. 16, no. 3,

2011, pp. 285–303, https://doi.org/10.1007/s11036-011-0304-8.

This article takes a look at the problems in regard to fatalities with car accidents and if
smartphones can be a solution to decreasing mortality rates. The context of the
article looks for the answers to reducing the amount of time it takes for
emergency providers to respond on scene following a potentially fatal car
accident. An idea they propose is an app or application to smartphones that
allows it to detect if the car has sustained an accident, in which it will
automatically alert emergency medical personnel to its location.

Goodwin, John, et al. “Development of a Mental Health Smartphone App:

Perspectives of Mental Health Service Users.” Journal of Mental Health

(Abingdon, England), vol. 25, no. 5, 2016, pp. 434–40,

https://doi.org/10.3109/09638237.2015.1124392.

This article serves to emphasize the importance of mental health in the world and how
the development of mental health apps on smartphones can allow for
improvement. The app would serve to observe data including stress and anxiety
levels and offer techniques that can be used to relax moods and help someone
who is struggling with their mental health.

Conner Gallagher

Jin, B., & Park, N. (2013). Mobile voice communication and loneliness: Cell phone use and the social skills
deficit hypothesis. New Media & Society, 15(7), 1094–1111. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461444812466715
This study explores the relationships between mobile voice communication devices, like
smartphones, and the gradual decrease in social skills from people. The comparison was
done between face-to-face interactions and mobile voice communications. This study
focused mainly on voice calling rather than texting to explore a less used form of
communication in today's society. The research was done through surveys in which 374
adults responded giving data supporting the social skills deficit hypothesis.
Ghahramani, F., Wang, J. Impact of Smartphones on Quality of Life: A Health Information Behavior Perspective.
Inf Syst Front 22, 1275–1290 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10796-019-09931-z
This study explores how the implications of mobile devices and smartphones in societies have
had an impact on the general health of people. The aspects explored within this study are whether
or not smartphones can help benefit people's quality of life. How can people use smartphones as a
way to promote physical activity? The results of this study show that with the application of
 smartphones, people are more likely to track their health, workout information, and progress. The
results also infer that people who have a smartphone overall have a better quality of life as a
result of being able to track their physical activity. A more in depth look at this study can
continue to prove and give us more ideas about how we can use today’s technology to motivate
people to be active.
Silva, A.G.; Simões, P.; Queirós, A.; P Rocha, N.; Rodrigues, M. Effectiveness of Mobile Applications Running
on Smartphones to Promote Physical Activity: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis. Int. J. Environ. Res.
Public Health 2020, 17, 2251. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072251
This study investigated the effectiveness of mobile applications, such as smartphones, to increase
physical activity in patients and prevent sedentarism. The participants in this study included
human patients between the ages of 18-65 years old. The results of this study found that there was
a small positive effect in interventions using mobile apps compared to no interventions. The
findings as to whether or not mobile applications will improve self-efficacy state that there was
an increase in self-efficacy when not using any mobile intervention. The quality of the evidence
found within this study is very low. I think that there is a correlation however between these
mobile applications and physical activity. They could be used together to promote people to do
more physical activity. More high quality in depth research is required for more reliable results.
Rui Wang, Fanglin Chen, Zhenyu Chen, Tianxing Li, Gabriella Harari, Stefanie Tignor, Xia Zhou, Dror
Ben-Zeev, and Andrew T. Campbell. 2014. StudentLife: assessing mental health, academic performance
and behavioral trends of college students using smartphones. In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM
International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp '14). Association for
Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3–14. https://doi.org/10.1145/2632048.2632054
This study explores how smartphones and advancements in technology today, can help improve
students' perceptions on stress, workload, and other insecurities caused by academic performance.
To do this the study used an app called StudentLife to measure data. This app helps assess the
stresses that students feel every day from overload in the schooling system. Results show a
number of correlations between the use of the app and the general improvement in students
mental health and educational outcome. It is shown that from the use of this app and technology,
students overall had a positive impact when the stresses of school increased as the year
prolonged.

Sebastian Alvarez

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/file/index/docid/785180/filename/Article.pdf

Security in embedded systems such as smartphones requires protection of confidential data and
applications. Many of security mechanisms use dynamic taint analysis techniques for tracking
information flow in software. But these techniques cannot detect control flows that use conditionals to
implicitly transfer information from objects to other objects. In particular, malicious applications can
bypass Android system and get privacy sensitive information through control flows. We propose an
enhancement of dynamic taint analysis that propagates taint along control dependencies by using the
static analysis in embedded system such as Google Android operating system. By using this new
approach, it becomes possible to protect sensitive information and detect most types of software
exploits without reporting too many false positives.
Publisher
Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg