Verbs 1 Meaning Clues* Structure Affirmative Negative Interrogative

CAN ABILITY PRESENT Subject + CAN + Main I can preach. I can’t preach. Can I preach?
Verb + Complement
CAPACIBILITY NO CHANGE Abraham can’t Can Abraham eat a lot?
THE VERB Subject + CAN + Main Abraham/He eat a lot.
POSSIBILITY Verb + Not + can eat a lot. Can today rain?
Complement Today can’t rain.
Today/It can
CAN + Subject + Main rain.
Verb + Compliment
COULD ABILITY PAST Subject + COULD + Lázaro could Lázaro couldn’t Could Lázaro dance?
Main Verb + dance. dance.
CAPACIBILITY NO CHANGE Complement Could we eat at...?
THE VERB We could eat at We couldn’t eat
POSSIBILITY Subject + COULD + Academia do at... They couldn’t teach at home.
Main Verb + Not + Lanche’s.
Complement They couldn’t
They/The teach at home.
COULD + Subject + Pastors could
Main Verb + teach at home.
Compliment
ABLE ABILITY *PRESENT = Subject + Verb to be Carlos is able Carlos isn’t able Is Carlos able to speak
TO Verb to Be + Able (AM/IS/ARE) + Able to speak english to speak english. english?
CAPACIBILITY To to + Main Verb + = Carlos can
Complement speak english You weren’t able
**PAST = Past to travel on the Were you able to travel on
tense of Verb to Be Subject + Past Verb to You were able weekends. the weekends?
+ Able to be (WAS/WERE) + to travel on the
Able to + Main Verb + weekends = She won’t be able
***FUTURE = Complement You could to sing tomorrow. Will she be able to sing
Will + Be able to travel on the tomorrow?
Subject + Will + Be weekends.
NO CHANGE able to + Main Verb +
THE VERBS Complement She will be able
to sing
IMPORTANT:
 Able to + Verb to tomorrow.
be = CAN
Able to + Past
tense Verb to be =
COULD
SHOUL SUGGESTION PRESENT Subject + SHOULD + Tiago/He Tiago/He Should Tiago order chesse
D Main Verb + should order shouldn’t order bacon?
ADVICE NO CHANGE Complement chesse bacon. cheese bacon.
THE VERB Should you choose the black
PROBABILITY Subject + SHOULD + You should You shouldn’t one?
Main Verb + Not + choose the choose the black
Complement black one. one. Should we pass this
semester?
SHOULD + Subject + We should pass We shouldn’t
Main Verb + this semester. pass this
Compliment semester.

MUST NECESSITY PRESENT Subject + MUST + You must pay We mustn’t Must you pay attention
Main Verb + attention during smoke at during the sermon?
OBLIGATION NO CHANGE Complement the sermon. hospitals.
THE VERB He mustn’t obey the traffic
MUST = Subject + MUST + He must obey law?
NECESSITY *NEGATIVE = Main Verb + Not + the traffic law.
OR PROHIBITION Complement Must we smoke at hospitals?
OBLIGATION
MUST = STRONG MUST + Subject +
*PROHIBITION NECESSITY Main Verb +
Compliment
MUSTN’T = To be a christian
PROHIBITION you MUST be born
again

HAVE NECESSITY *PRESENT = Subject + DO/DOES + You HAVE TO You DON’T have DO you HAVE TO pay
TO Auxiliar (Do/Does) Have to + Main Verb + pay attention to pay attention attention during the sermon?
OBLIGATION + Have/Has to Complement during the during the
(he/she/it) sermon sermon DID he HAVE TO obey the
PROHIBITION Subject + DID + Have traffic law?
**PAST = Auxiliar to + Main Verb + He HAD to He DIDN’T have WILL we HAVE TO smoke
(Did) + Had to Complement obey the traffic to obey the traffic at hospitals?
law law.
***FUTURE = Subject + WILL + Have
Will + Have to to + Main Verb + We WON’T have
Complement to smoke at
HAVE TO = hospitals.
NECESSITY NOT
SO STRONG

To graduate in
theology you have
to speak hebrew and
greek.

Observation:

Possessive case – ‘s/s’

If the subject is singular, ‘s. Ex: Luke’s car; Tiago’s students.

If the subject is plural, s’. Ex: Guys’ pizza; Abraham parents’ house.

Verb to Be Past Tense Verb to Be

I AM I/He/She/It WAS

He/She/It IS

We/You/They ARE We/You/They WERE