Information Systems in Health

Care Sector

COMPANY : SUBMITEED BY:

DATA-CORE (INDIA) PVT.LTD SAMEER CHOURASIA
KOLKATA IPHMR,KOLKATA

1
 Learning Objectives
 Distinguish between the concepts of data, information, and
knowledge .

 Discuss how the management of IS in health-care facilities has

changed over time and how this has affected the development
of IT in health-care delivery

2
Key Terms
 Administrative and  Laboratory information
managerial information systems (LIS)
systems  Nursing information
 Computer-based patient systems (NIS)
record

 Hospital information  Patient monitoring

system (HIS) systems

 In-house systems  Pharmacy information

systems
 Knowledge  Shared systems

3
Outline
 Information Systems in Health Care
◦ History of IS in Health Care
◦ Current Applications and Trends in Health
Care
◦ Current Trends in Health Information Systems

4
The Patient at the Center of Care

5
CURRENT SCENARIO

6
STATUS OF HEALTHCARE SECTOR

7
 History of IS in Health Care
 Studied from different standpoints
◦ Technology
◦ System design approaches
◦ Management approaches
◦ Data-information-knowledge model
 Focus on data-information-knowledge
model and contrast it to other three
standpoints

8
 History of IS in Health Care
Distinctions between data, information, and knowledge

 Data are facts, images, or sounds that may or may not be

useful to a particular task

 Information systems maintain a long-term database use

applications built on storage, retrieval, and
communication concepts

 Knowledge is a combination of rules, relationships, ideas,

and experience

9
 History of IS in Health Care
Distinctions between data, information, and knowledge

Fig:1
Hierarchical view of data-
information-knowledge
Knowledge
• Rules
• Relationships
• Ideas

Information
• Formatted
• Filtered
• Manipulated

Data
• Facts
• Images
• Sound

10
 History of IS in Health Care
Evolution of IS in Health Care
1960s-70s
• Financial Focus Fig:2
• Few Clinical Systems Timelining Health Information Systems Evolution
• In-house
1980s
Development
•Continuing Financial Focus
• Shared Systems
•More Clinical Development
• Turnkey Systems
•Stand-alone Systems
• Transaction
•Distributed
Processing 1990s
Systems
• Focus on Clinical Systems
• Management
• Integration of Systems
Information
• Executive
Systems
Information 2000-till now
Systems • Standards
• Decision Support • E-health
Systems • Intranets and Extranets
• Enterprise-wide • Internet
Systems • Clinical Repositories
• Office Automation • Data Warehouses
• Virtual Systems • Data Mining
11
Role of Information
Technology in Healthcare
Industry
12
GROWTH DRIVERS

14
Harmony Is Possible

15
 Electronic Medical Record [EMR]
 Electronic Health Record [EHR]
 Healthcare Tools

16
 EMR vs EHR
 EMR: electronic medical record

◦ An electronic medical record for a patient at a particular site,

providing such functionalities as e-prescribing, order/results
management, work-flow tasking, communication and messaging
◦ An EMR is NOT a paper record made electronic

 EHR: electronic health record

◦ The sum of a patient’s EMRs and other health- related information

from multiple sites
 HOW CUSTOMER BENEFITS ?
 We help you gain better visibility,control & efficiency to
improve your service through-

 Enhanced healthcare experience for patients & doctors.

 Improved Pharmaceutical & Hospital administration

facilities.

 Attracting & retaining healthcare workforce.

 Mitigating cost & compliance issuses.

19
 Current Applications and Trends in
Health Care
Clinical Applications and Systems
 Various system types

◦ Patient monitoring systems

◦ Nursing information systems
◦ Laboratory information systems
◦ Pharmacy information systems
◦ Other clinically oriented information systems

 hospital information system (HIS)

◦ Provide communication among health facility workers
and support organization need for operating, planning,
patient care, and documentation

20
 Computer-Based Patient Record (CPR)

 A concept of maintaining health-related and patient-

related data electronically in a system so that end users
may access complete and accurate data, and be
provided with alerts, reminders, clinical support systems,
and links to medical knowledge

 A system of technology, software, and data subsystems

working together to provide accurate, complete, and
timely information when and where it is needed
 Make up of one technology but supported by many
technologies

21
24
BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES

25
INDIAN GROWTH

26
Current Trends in Health Information
Systems
 Current trends in
◦ Clinical information systems
◦ E-commerce and E-health
◦ Standard development
◦ Privacy and security
◦ Technology developments
◦ Management of information
resources and standards
development
◦ The virtual health-care system

27
 HEALTHCARE AREAS
Clinical Trial Management (CTM)
Management data (e.g. times, resources, responsibilities,
budget),trial data (e.g. from protocol, CRF, standards)

Clinical Data Management (CDM)

patient data (e.g. from CRF, diaries, electronic device)

Pharmacovigilliance

Pharmaceuticals

Market research

KPO & IT services

28
 Standard Development
 Organizations
◦ International Standard Organization (ISO)
◦ American National Standards Institute (ANSI) does not
develop standards but serves as a clearinghouse for nationally
coordinated voluntary standards

 Health Level 7 (HL7)

 Accredited Standards Committee (ASC)
 Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DIACOM)
 National Council on Prescription Drug Programs (NCPDP)
 American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM)

◦ Mandatory standards
 Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996
(HIPAA)

29
 Technology Development
 Wireless technology accompanied with handheld
computers and personal digital assistants will be applied
widely in health-care institutions

 Interactive technologies such as continuous speech

recognition, touch screen, and multimedia technology
will be applied more widely, especially in CPR

 Continuing growth and applications of database, data

repository, and data warehousing technologies in the
health-care arena

30
 Privacy and Security
 HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 )
 Mandatory rules with regard to both data privacy and
security for health-care organizations
 Health-care organizations must be concerned with
confidentiality, integrity, and availability of the
information resource
 Encrypted keybased authentification and biometric
authentification for guarding data access.

 Web server guards and server-side session management

through a secure socket layer will be a regular feature
for engaging in any type of e-commerce

31
SUMMARY
 Healthcare IT could help to reduce disparities – avoid
digital divide

 EHRs are essential to get us to routine examination of

quality by population

 Aftermath of Katrina,Tsunami,Earthquake showed

significance of healthcare IT in protecting and accessing
patient records & profile.

32
CONCLUSION:

 Growth of Healthcare IT and Population Health record

 Need to increase linkages between EHRs and
public health systems
 Enhance the clinical-public health interface

 Interconnected healthcare IT systems should easily

allow for traking population health & to maintain
quality standard.

33
34