Fundamentals of Hospital

Information Systems
Types and Functions of Hospital Information System

1
Business Information Systems for Hospitals

Principles of Information Systems, Tenth Edition 2

Business Information Systems (continued)
Components

Information System
Where is the information system located?
• In-house – developed and managed in the health care
organization

• Shared – developed and managed at the vendor site

• Turnkey system – developed by vendor, installed and

managed by health care organization

• Stand-alone – lack of information sharing. Legacy

system.
 Current applications of information
systems in health care
• Clinical information systems – serving clinical activities
• Hospital information system
• Patient monitoring system
• Nursing information system
• Laboratory information system
• Pharmacy information system
• Computer based patient record
• Others
 Hospital Information Systems

• Provide communication among health facility workers and support

organizational information needs for operations, planning, patient
care, and documentation.
• Communication, coordination
• Various across different hosptials
 Core hospital function

• Patient management
• Scheduling
• RADT (registration, admission, discharge, and transfer)
• RADT provides basic patient information to other clinical systems.
 Business and financial functions

• Payroll
• General ledger
• Accounts receivable
• Insurance
 Communications and Network

• Connect different systems.

• Need data standards to communicate.
• This is a disadvantage of paper based system.
 Departmental management system

• Needs of individual department

• Pharm, lab, radiology, dietary, pathology, etc
• The trend is to integrate these systems while maintaining their
functional independence.
 Medical documentations system

• Medical record
• Will be paperless
• Provide support to managerial and administrative decision making
• In order to do so, the medical record has to be digitalized and
codified.
 Decision support system

• Help clinicians make decision

• Not replace clinicians
• data from various sources – hard to managed by human
• Often integrated into physician order entry system
• focal role in decreasing medical errors
 Patient monitoring system

• Physiological data
• Emergency room, operating room, intensive are, critical care
• Can give real time alert
 Nursing information system

• Support nurse care process

• Clinical and managerial
 Laboratory Information System

• Associated with lab test

• Usually already available in the instrument
• Various types of lab tests have different demands
 Pharmacy Information System

• Data related to drug usage for patient

• Also can help decreasing medication errors
 Computer based patient record

• IOM 1991 report first proposed the concept

• Other names include electronic health record (EHR), electronic
medical record (EMR).
• It is not a single computer product or program
• Based an changed model of managing patient data
• Computer and information technology is necessary but not sufficient
factor.