PT4226A/27A/29A

Primary Side CC Regulator

GENERAL DESCRIPTION FEATURES

The PT4226A/27A/29A is primary side  CC Without Secondary Feedback
constant current regulator, which is designed for  Integrates high voltage Power Switch
high performance and cost-effective LED lighting  Inductance Compensation
applications. With POWTECH’s proprietary  Low Startup Current (<10μA)
constant current compensation technique  Adjustable Primary Side Current limit
accurate output current regulation is achieved
 FB Over Voltage Protection
without the need of a secondary feedback
 VCC/FB UVLO
circuitry. Integrated primary inductance
 Feedback Loop Open Circuit Protection
compensation circuitry provides accurate
constant current operation despite variations in  Over Temperature Protection
primary inductance. Excellent EMI performance
APPLICATIONS
is achieved with frequency jittering function
together with soft driving control at totem pole  LED lighting application
gate drive output.
The device integrates a high voltage power
switch, an oscillator, a current sense circuit, CC
control circuit. It also features a complete set of
integrated protection functions to protect against
all fault conditions including output open/short
circuit, line under-voltage, and over temperature
shut down.
The PT4226A is available in an SOP-8/DIP-8
package. The PT4227A/29A is available in an
DIP-8 package.

ORDERING INFORMATION
TEMPERATURE ORDERING PART TRANSPORT
PACKAGE MARKING
RANGE NUMBER MEDIA
Tape and Reel PT4226A
SOP-8 -40℃ to 85℃ PT4226AESOH xxxxxX
2500 units
Tube PT4226A
DIP-8 -40℃ to 85℃ PT4226AEDIH xxxxxX
50 units
Tube PT4227A
DIP-8 -40℃ to 85℃ PT4227AEDIH xxxxxX
50 units
Tube PT4229A
DIP-8 -40℃ to 85℃ PT4229AEDIH xxxxxX
50 units
Note:
xxxxxX
Assembly Factory Code
Lot Number

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Primary Side CC Regulator

TYPICAL APPLICATION CIRCUIT

D2
R1
R1 C3 R2 DC C1
C1 OUT
C4 R6
VCC DRAIN
D1 AC IN
AC IN
T1 C2
GND CS
FB
VCC DRAIN R3

C2
D3 C3
GND
R2
CS R4
FB DC
R5 D1 OUT
R5 C4 R6
R3 D2

R4
T1

Application for three winding Application for Double winding

PIN ASSIGNMENT

NC 1 8 DRAIN CS 1 8 DRAIN

CS 2 7 DRAIN CS 2 7 DRAIN

VCC 3 6 GND GND 3 6 NC

FB 4 5 GND FB 4 5 VCC

SOP-8 DIP-8

PIN DESCRIPTIONS
PIN No. PIN No.
PIN NAMES DESCRIPTION
SOP-8 DIP-8
2 1,2 CS Primary Side Current Sense Input
5,6 3 GND Ground
4 4 FB Feedback Winding Voltage Sense Input
3 5 VCC Power supply, the device is supplied by an auxiliary winding.
1 6 NC Not connected
7,8 7,8 DRAIN Internal power switch output, drive primary winding

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ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS (note1)

SYM PARAMETER VALUE UNIT
VCC VCC pin Voltage -0.3~25 V
VFB，VCS FB，CS pin Input Voltage -0.3~5 V
VDRAIN DRAIN pin Voltage -0.3~650 V
TOPT Operating Junction Temp. Range -40 to 150 ℃
TSTG Storage Temp. Range -55 to 150 ℃
ESD HBM 2000 V
SOP-8 184 ℃/W
RΘJA
DIP-8 107 ℃/W
Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings indicate limits beyond which damage to the device may occur.
Recommended Operating Range indicates conditions for which the device is functional, but do not
guarantee specific performance limits. Electrical Characteristics state DC and AC electrical specifications
under particular test conditions which guarantee specific performance limits. This assumes that the device
is within the Operating Range. Specifications are not guaranteed for parameters where no limit is given,
however, the typical value is a good indication of device performance.

RECOMMENDED OPERATING RANGE

SYM PARAMETER VALUE UNIT
VCC VCC pin Operating Voltage 9.5~25 V
TA Operating Ambient Temperature -20~85 ℃

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ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(TA=25℃, VCC=16V，fsw=65KHz unless specified otherwise)
SYMBOL PARAMETER TEST CONDITION MIN TYP MAX UNIT

SUPPLY VOLTAGE (VCC)

ISTART Start up current VCC=13.0V 1 10 μA

VVCC_ON VCC turn on threshold VCC Rising 12.5 14 15.5 V

VCC minimum operating
VVCC_OFF VCC Falling 7.5 8.5 9.5 V
voltage
VVCC_Clamp VCC Clamp Voltage IVCC=10mA 25.5 V

IVCCQ VCC Supply Current No switching 350 700 μA

FEED BACK VOLTAGE SENSE PIN (FB)

VFBMAX FB Over Voltage Protection 2.4 2.5 2.6 V

VFBMIN FB Minimum Voltage 0.8 V

IFB_OPEN FB Open Loop Current -85 μA

CURRENT SENSE INPUT PIN (CS)

VCS Current Limit Threshold IFB=0 490 500 510 mV

Current sense Leading
TLEB Edge Blanking Time 250 ns
Driver output（DRAIN）

VCC=16V(PT4226A) 9.2 12

RDS(ON) On state resistance VCC=16V(PT4227A) 4 4.5 Ω

VCC=16V(PT4229A) 3.08

IDS Off state leak current VCC=0,VDS=650V 10 μA

BVDS DRAIN breakdown voltage VCC=0，IDRAIN=250μA 650 V

PROTECTION
Thermal Shut Down
TSD Threshold 150 ℃

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Primary Side CC Regulator

SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM

TSD
DRAIN
VCC
UVLO
CONTROL DRV
5V
LDO
Internal Supply
25.5V

OSC
OC LEB CS

FB CC Reference

S&H FB OVP/UVP GND

OPERATION DESCRIPTION
The PT4226A/27A/29A consists of an oscillator, Figure 1 illustrates a simplified flyback
feedback circuit, over-temperature protection, converter. When the switch Q1 turns on, the
frequency jittering, current limit circuit, voltage across the primary winding is Vbus.
leading-edge blanking, constant current control Assuming the voltage drop on Q1 is zero, the
circuitry and a power switch. The switching current in Q1 ramps up linearly at a rate of Vbus/Lp.
frequency is modulated to regulate the output When the current in Q1 reaches a predefined value
current to provide a constant current characteristic. of Ipeak_pri the controller forces Q1 turns off.
It senses and regulates output current from During the Q1 on-time, the rectifying diode D1
primary side of transformer and is ideal for high is reverse biased and the load current Io is
precise, high reliability and cost effective LED supplied by the secondary capacitor C1. When Q1
lighting applications. turns off, D1 conducts and the stored energy is
delivered to the output.
THEORY OF OPERATION
The PT4226A/27A/29A is designed to operate
D1 LED+
Vbus in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM), in DCM
Ip
Np Ns Is C1
the energy stored in primary winding is completely
transported to the secondary side during each
LED-
cycle. The output current is determined by Rcs and
Q1 primary/secondary turns ratio of the transformer.
R1
Na
Ns Assuming the transformer primary/secondary turns
DRV
R2
Figure 1 ratio is Nps. The output current is given by following

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expression: CURRENT LIMIT COMPENSATION

0.1125
I out  * N ps
Rcs
START UP
Once the AC voltage is applied to the
application circuit, the Vbus charges the VCC pin up
through the start up resistor R1. When the voltage
on VCC pin is higher than its VCC_ON threshold the
controller starts to deliver driving pulses to power
switch Q1 and VCC is then powered by the auxiliary
winding. Thanks to the very small start up current,
a large start up resistor could be used in the start
up circuit to minimize power loss. For the
applications with typical 90-264Vac input range, a
resistor between 0.5Mohm and 3Mohm and a
4.7uF/50V capacitor C3 compose a simple and
reliable start up circuit.
Vbus
R1
VCC Naux
The current through the internal power switch is
transferred to voltage signal through a resistor
connected between CS and GND pin. At each
switching cycle when the voltage of CS input
excess an internal threshold the power switch is
turned off after a short delay. The relationship
between the CS pin threshold and the current
passing though the internal power switch follows
the following expression:
I PK _ PRI  VCS / RCS
Where IPK_PRI is the peak current through the
internal power MOSFET, VCS is the voltage
threshold of the pin CS of the PT4226A/27A/29A
and RCS stands for sensing resistor.
SHORT CIRCUIT PROTECTION
In the event of an output short the
PT4226A/27A/29A enters into an appropriate
protection mode as described below. When an
output short occurs, the feedback pin voltage falls.
Once the feedback pin voltage falls below 0.8V

GND C3
during the secondary side discharging period
before the sampling delay the converter enters into
VCC the short circuit protection mode where the power
VCC_ON vcc switch is disabled after a delay which is internally
VCC_OFF
set to be around 30 mS. VCC will then drops due to
ICC internal power consumption, When VCC drops
ICC
below the VVCC_OFF turn-off threshold, the
Figure 2
PT4226A/27A/29A will be shut down completely.
Then the start up sequence will kick in and VCC is
CONSTANT CURRENT (CC) OPERATION
charged up again. The device is alternately
The PT4226A/27A/29A regulates output
enables and disables till the fault condition is
current from the primary side control. The
removed.
switching frequency is adjusted as the feedback
pin voltage increases to provide a constant output OPEN CIRCUIT PROTECTION
current regulation. In the event of output open circuit, the
PT4226A/27A/29A enters into an open circuit
PRIMARY INDUCTANCE COMPENSATION
protection mode as described below. When the
With the inductance compensation function, the
output is open circuit, the feedback pin voltage VFB
output current is insensitive to primary inductance
rises. Once VFB is over 2.5 V during the discharge
variation. If the primary magnetizing inductance is
period before the FB pin sampling delay, the
either too high or low the converter will
switching frequency is decreased and the peak
automatically adjust the Oscillation frequency to
current is also decreased to 50%. If the over
keep the output current constant.
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voltage condition lasts for 8 consecutive cycles,
the PT4226A/27A/29A is disabled.
FREQUENCY JITTERING
The frequency jittering is implemented in the
PT4226A/27A/29A. The oscillation frequency is
modulated so that the tone energy is spread out.
The spread spectrum minimizes the conduction
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PT4226A/27A/29A
Primary Side CC Regulator
band EMI and therefore eases the system design.
OVER TEMPERATURE PROTECTION
The thermal shutdown circuitry senses the die
temperature. When the die temperature is above
150°C the power MOSFET is disabled and
remains disabled until the die temperature falls by
20 °C.
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TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS

Rdson VS. Temp(VCC=16V)

9

7
Rdson(ohm)

-20 0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Temp(C)

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DESIGN Example and Notes

A design example is given to illustrate step by tdead: dead time of the flyback DCM mode
step how to design a PT4226A/27A/29A based tdis  0.45 * Tsw (2)
off-line AC/DC LED driver. Refer to figure 3 for the
tdead _ min  1.5 * 2 Lp * Cds (3)
application circuit.
For this design example, the minimum tdead_min
1 Determine input and output
can be estimated to be approximately 20% of the
The design spec is given in Table 1. The design
switch cycle as a start point and then adjusted after
objective is to drive 7x 1W white LEDs in series for
the LED driver is implemented.
general lighting
Table 1 tdead _ min  1.5 * 2 L p * Cds  20% * Tsw  3.34us
Parameters Symbol Limits
t dis  45% *Tsw  7.52us
Input Voltage VIN 90-264Vac
Frequency fLINE 47-64Hz ton _ max  Tsw  t dis  t dead _ min  5.84uS
Output Voltage VOUT 22.4V
ton _ max
Max VOUT VOUTMAX 24.5V Dmax   35%
T sw
Min VOUT VOUTMIN 21V
Output Current IOUT 320mA 4 Turns Ratio
The maximum allowable Nps is determined by
2 Set the switching frequency the voltage stress on the power switch Q1, the
The maximum operating frequency is limited by minimum operating voltage Vin_dc_min and the
the VFB sampling delay time during the flyback primary side inductance Lp. The minimum
period. To sample FB pin voltage correctly, the allowable Nps is limited by the maximum allowable
secondary side discharge time must be longer than reverse voltage on the secondary rectifying diode
3.5μs, and then the maximum switching frequency D1. Therefore the selection of Nps is a trade-off
for the PT4226A/27A/29A is limited to 128 KHz. In among the following factors: Drain-Source
practice, the appropriate switching frequency for breakdown voltage of the power switch Q1, the
this design is set to be 60KHz considering the EMI, breakdown voltage of the secondary rectifying
efficiency and the size of the main transformer. diode D1, the primary side inductance Lp, the
For this design example, the switching frequency primary peak current Ipk_pri, and the minimum
fsw and operating period Tsw are set as below: operating input voltage Vin_dc_min. The smaller the
f sw  60KHz Nps, the smaller the Vin_dc_min, and the less bulk
Tsw  1 / f sw  16.7us capacitance is required. However, a small Nps will
3 The maximum duty cycle need higher reverse voltage for the secondary
For the PT4226A/27A/29A, the primary winding rectifying diode D1. In practice, the recommended
inductance discharge time tdis is fixed to be 45% of Nps is less than 5.0 for general applications with
the operating cycle. In order to regulate the LED 85VAC-265VAC input.
current precisely, a PT4226A/27A/29A based LED Vin _ dc _ min * ton _ max  N ps *Vout * tdis (4)
driver should operate in DCM in the entire input
voltage range. Therefore, From equation (4), the following equation can
Tsw  ton  tdis  tdead (1) be derived as:
ton: turn on time of the switch MOSFET Q1 Vin _ dc _ min * ton _ max
N ps  (5)
Vout * t dis
tdis: discharge time of Lp

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In this design example, the minimum operating L p * I pk _ Pr i

Np  (10)
input voltage is estimated to be approximately Ae *Bmax
82Vdc as a start point. Where ΔΒmax is the maximum allowed flux density
and Ae is the core effective area.
Vin _ dc _ min * t on _ max
N ps   82 * 5.84  2.84 For this design example, EE16 core is selected.
Vout * t dis 22.4 * 7.52
From the EE16 transformer core datasheet, Ae is
5 Calculate the current sense resistor
19.2, ΔΒmax is chosen to be 2500 Gauss.
Once Nps is determined, the current sense
Then,
resistor Rcs can be calculated from the following
L p * I pk _ pri 0.95 *10 3 * 0.5
expressions: Np    91.6T
Ae *Bmax 19.2 *10 6 * 0.27
0.1125
Rcs  * N ps (6) 92 turns is chosen for this deign example.
I out
Vcs 0.5V 8 Calculate the secondary winding
I pk _ pri   (7)
Rcs Rcs The secondary winding turns can be calculated:
For this design example,
Np
0.1125 0.1125 * 2.84 Ns  (11)
R3  Rcs  * N ps   1 N ps
I out 0.32
For this design example,
V 0.5V 0.5V
I pk _ pri  cs    0.5 A
Rcs Rcs 1 Np 92
Ns    32.4T
N ps 2.84
6 Calculate the primary inductance
32 turns is chosen for this design example.
Primary inductance Lp is determined by the
output power, the switching frequency fsw, the 9 Calculate the auxiliary winding
primary peak current Ipk_pri and the flyback The auxiliary winding turns can be calculated:
converter efficiency  . The relationship between Vcc
Na  * Ns (12)
the primary and secondary energy is given by: Vout
1 In practice Vcc is set to be 16V.
L p * I pk pri * Fsw *  Vout * I out
2
(8)
2 For this design example,
From the equation (8), the primary inductance Vcc 16
Na  * Ns  * 32  22.8T
Lp of the main transformer can be derived as: Vout 22.4
2 * Vout * I out 23 turns is chosen for this design example.
Lp  (9)
I pk pri * Fsw *
2

10 Determine feedback resistors Rfb_up and

For this design example,
Rfb_dn
2 *Vout * I out 2 * 22.4 * 0.32
Lp    0.96mH For optimum regulation, the current flowing out
I pk pri * Fsw * 0.5 * 60 *10 *1
2 2 3

of FB pin of the PT4226A/27A/29A at 220VAC

For this design example, Lp is chosen to be
input voltage should be approximately 1mA.
950uH.
Therefore the Rfb_up is given by:
7 Calculate the primary winding
2 * 220V N a
In order to keep the transformer from saturation, R fb _ up  * (13)
1mA Np
the maximum flux density must not be exceeded.
Therefore the minimum primary winding turns must Rfb_up unit is kΩ.
meet the following criteria: For this design example,

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Primary Side CC Regulator

2 * 220V 23
R4  R fb _ up  *  77.8K 2 * 265 * N a
1mA 92 Vaux_ diode  (  Vcc ) (16)
Np
R4 is chosen to be 82kΩ for this design.
The low side feedback resistor is selected to Peak current flowing in secondary rectifying
set the output OVP. Rfb_dn should be selected so diode is:
that when the output voltage reaches OVP, the 0.5 * N ps
I pk _ sec  (17)
voltage on FB pin reaches VFBMAX during Rcs
transformer reset time. The relationship between The secondary rectifying diode should be
Vovp and VFBMAX is: selected with the break down voltage higher than
Vsec_diode and average forward current should be
VFBM AX 
R fb _ dn Na
Vovp  Vd  (14) selected based on the output current and the
R fb _ up  R fb _ dn Ns
secondary peak current. The auxiliary rectifying
Re-arrange above expression Rfb_dn can be diode should be selected with the break down
derived as: voltage higher than Vaux_diode.

VFBMAX * R fb _ up 12 PCB Layout

R fb _ dn  (15)
Na
V ovp  Vd   VFBMAX The circuit shown in Figure 3 is configured as a
Ns primary-side regulated off-line flyback power
supply utilizing PT4226A with 260mA CC output
Vd: forward voltage drop of the secondary side
for driving 10W LED in series.
rectifier diode, VFBMAX is maximum FB pin
AC input power is rectified by D2~D5.
operating voltage which has a typical value of 2.5V.
The secondary side of the transformer is
For this design example,
rectified by D1. An ultra fast recovery diode and
2.5 * 82
R5  R fb _ dn   11.14 K . filtered by C1.
23
(28.5  0.5)  2.5 The feedback resistors (R4 and R5) with
32
standard 1% tolerance should be selected for
R5 is chosen to be 10kΩ; output OVP is set to be
closed LED current. The feedback resistors should
31V for this design example.
be placed as close to the FB pin as possible to
11 Select the secondary and auxiliary rectifying minimize noise.
diode R1, R2, R7 and C3 formed the startup circuit.
Maximum reverse voltage on secondary and C3 should be place as close as possible to the
auxiliary rectifying diode is: VCC and GND pins.
R3 is the primary side current sense resistor,
2 * 265 * N s
Vsec_ diode  (  Vout ) (15) which should be placed close to the CS pin of the
Np
PT4226A.

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REFERENCE CIRCUIT FOR DRIVING 10W LED

Figure 3

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PACKAGE INFORMATION
SOP-8

Millimeters Inches
Symbol
Min Max Min Max
A 1.350 1.750 0.053 0.069
A1 0.100 0.250 0.004 0.010
A2 1.250 1.650 0.049 0.065
b 0.330 0.510 0.013 0.020
c 0.170 0.250 0.007 0.010
D 4.700 5.100 0.185 0.201
E 3.800 4.000 0.150 0.157
E1 5.800 6.200 0.228 0.244
e 1.270(BSC) 0.050(BSC)
L 0.400 1.270 0.016 0.05
θ 0° 8° 0° 8°

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DIP-8

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Primary Side CC Regulator

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warranty in POWTECH’s terms and conditions of sale of semiconductor products. Testing and other quality control techniques are
used to the extent POWTECH deems necessary to support this warranty. Except where mandated by applicable law, testing of all
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