Chapap Jr, Jimmy T.

Section: BBD

1. Compare the Old Correctional System ( During Spanish and American Occupation) with the
Present Correctional System in terms of the penalties imposed and the correctional institution
used.
During the Spanish Regime, the formal prison system in the Philippines started. Where the
prison system was community-based as there were no national penitentiaries to speak of. If an
individual defied a law or violated the local law were meted to an appropriate penalty by the
local chieftain to prevent the individual from doing further harming the residents. During the
Spanish administration which the Spanish Penal code went to its effect, the highest penalty is
imprisonment in a penitentiary for ten years. When the Americans took over during the 1900s,
the Bureau of prisons was created under the Reorganization Act of 1905 as an agency under the
commerce and police. The American regime created the separation of men and women in the
prison where on November 27, 1929, The Correctional Institution for Women was created under
Act no. 3579. While today the Government maintained six correctional institutions and penal
farms, the correctional system has two approaches: Institutional-based corrections and Non-
Institutional based corrections, Institutional based corrections, means that the individual or the
criminal offender is placed in a Prison or Jail, and Non-Institutional Based corrections are based
either the individual or criminal offender is placed on Parole or Probation. Parole is given to an
Individual or Criminal offender after they served the minimum sentence of imprisonment.

2. What are the functions of the DOJ,DILG and DSWD in relation to the Correctional System in the
Philippines? Enumerate the agencies under those departments that are operating in the
correctional system.
3. Differentiate JAIL and PRISON. What type of PDL’s should be confined on those Correctional
Institutions?