Brand Name: Biogesic

Generic Name: Paracetamol

Mechanism of Action: COX inhibitor- exhibits analgesic and antipyretic activity by inhibiting
prostaglandin synthesis.
Indications: Relief of minor aches and pains such as headache, backache, menstrual cramps,
muscular aches, minor arthritis pain, toothache and pain associated with common cold and flu.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to paracetamol. Repeated administration in patients with
anemia, cardiac, pulmonary, renal and hepatic damage.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Dizziness, drowsiness, constipation, stomach upset, blurred
vision, or dry mouth/nose/throat
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Check that the patient is not taking any other medication containing paracetamol.
- Do not take for >5days for pain in children, ten days for pain in adults, or more than
three days for fever in adults.
- Take with food or milk to minimize GI upset.
- Report N&V. cyanosis, shortness of breath, and abdominal pain as these are signs of
toxicity.

Brand Name: Bonamine

Generic Name: Meclizine Hydrochloride
Mechanism of Action: a first-generation antihistamine and used as an anti-emetic.
Indications: Prevention and treatment of nausea, dizziness and vomiting associated with
motion sickness.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Bonamine or any of its components
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Blurred vision, fatigue, dry mouth, and drowsiness. May
cause excitability especially in children.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Monitor for any adverse reactions

Brand Name: Serc

Generic Name: Betahistine
Mechanism of Action:
- H1 and H2 receptors have postsynaptic excitatory action onthe vestibular system.
- H3 receptor presynaptic autoreceptor (reduces histamine)
- H4 receptors outside CNS have inhibitory vestibular action.
Indications: reduction of recurrent vertigo episodes associated with Ménière's disease in
patients 18 years old and above
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to betahistine
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Nausea ,dyspepsia, headache, Urticaria, Pruritus, Mild gastric
complaints, Insomnia
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Advise patient to take Serc with meals to prevent stomach problem

Brand Name: Advil

Generic Name: Ibuprofen
Mechanism of Action: Prototype of the propionic acid NSAIDs (cox-1) inhibitor with
nonsteroidal antiinflammatory activity and significant antipyretic and analgesic properties.
Indications: Relief of aches and pains such as headache, backache, menstrual cramps, muscular
aches. Fever reduction
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Ibuprofen or any of its components
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Abdominal pain, Nausea and vomiting, GI bleeding, Diarrhea,
Ulceration
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Assess for any signs of allergy to Ibuprofen or NSAIDs.
- Monitor for therapeutic effectiveness. Optimum response generally occurs within 2 wk
(e.g., relief of pain, stiffness, or swelling; or improved joint flexion and strength).
- Administer drug with food or after meal if GI upset occurs.
- Monitor for GI distress and signs ans symptoms ofGI bleeding

Brand Name: Alaxan FR

Generic Name: Paracetamol + Ibuprofen
Mechanism of Action: Inhibiting both isoforms of cyclooxygenase, COX-1 and COX-2, enzymes
involved in prostaglandin (PG) synthesis.
Indications: Used for the relief of mild to moderately severe pain of muscuskeletal origin
- Used for the relief of tension headache, dysmenorrhea, toothache, pain after tooth
extraction and minor surgical operations.
- Effective for fever reduction.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to AlaxanFR or any of its components
- Patients in whom bronchospasm, angioedema or nasal polyps are precipitated by
ibuprofen, aspirin & other NSAIDs. Advanced kidney & liver diseases.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: skin rashes, ulceration and/or bleeding, indigestion,
heartburn, nausea, vomiting, eating disorder, diarrhea, constipation, mouth ulcers, flatulence,
bloating and abdominal pain, dizziness, drowsiness, malaise, lightheadedness, nervousness,
headache, fatigue.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Avoid taking alcohol or salicylates to prevent bleeding
- Should be taken with food; take immediately after meals.
Brand Name: Dolfenal
Generic Name: Mefenamic acid
Mechanism of Action: binds the prostaglandin synthetase receptors COX-1 and COX-2, inhibiting
the action of prostaglandin synthetase
Indications: Symptomatic relief of mild to moderate pain including headache, dental pain,
post-operative and post-partum pain, primary dysmenorrhea, and menorrhagia.
Contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity to mefenamic acid, aspirin, or any other non-steroidal
anti-inflammatory drugs.
- Currently taking aspirin or other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
- History of stomach ulcers, bleeding, or perforation or other stomach problems such as
inflammatory bowel disease.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Abdominal pain, constipation, diarrhea, dyspepsia,
flatulence, gross bleeding/perforation, heartburn, nausea, gastrointestinal ulcers, vomiting,
abnormal kidney function, anemia, dizziness, edema, elevated liver enzymes, headache,
increased bleeding time, pruritus, rashes and tinnitus.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Assess patients who develop severe diarrhea and vomiting for dehydration and
electrolyte imbalance.
- Notify physician if persistent GI discomfort, sore throat, fever, or malaise occur.
- Advise patient not to drive or engage in potentially hazardous activities until response to
drug is known. It may cause dizziness and drowsiness.

Brand Name: Decolgen

Generic Name: Phenylpropanolamine HCI + Chlorphenamine Maleate + Paracetamol
Mechanism of Action: Stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors produces vasoconstriction,
reduces tissue hyperemia, edema, and nasal congestion, and increases nasal airway patency.
Indications: Relief of watery eyes, sneezing, allergic rhinitis.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity. High BP or severe heart disease, anemia. Kidney or liver
disease. Pregnancy & lactation.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Mild stomachache, lightheadedness, headache, nervousness,
restlessness, insomnia/sleeplessness, dizziness, anxiety, confusion, High BP
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Take this medication by mouth with or without food or as directed by your doctor. Taking
it with food may decrease stomach upset.
- Advise patient to stop smoking
 - Advise patient to not drive, use machinery, or do anything that needs alertness until you
can do it safely.
- Advise patient to Limit alcoholic beverages.

Brand Name: Difenax

Generic Name: Diclofenac
Mechanism of Action: Reversibly inhibits cyclo-oxygenase-1and -2 (COX-1 and COX-2) enzymes,
resulting in decreased formation of prostaglandin precursors.
Indications: Treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, mild to moderate acute pain,
primary dysmenorrhea.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to diclofenac, Pts experiencing asthma, urticaria after taking
aspirin or other NSAIDs. Active gastric or intestinal ulcer, bleeding or perforation. Last trimester
of pregnancy. Severe hepatic, renal or cardiac failure.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Headache, abdominal cramps, constipation, diarrhea,
nausea, dyspepsia.
Nursing Responsibilities: Monitor CBC, renal function, LFT, urine output, occult blood test, B/P.
Monitor for headache, dyspepsia.
Monitor daily pattern of bowel activity, stool consistency.
Assess for therapeutic response: relief of pain, stiffness, swelling;
increased
joint mobility; reduced joint tenderness; improved grip strength.

Brand Name: Vistatears

Generic Name: Hypromellose
Mechanism of Action: Promotes corneal wetting by the stabilization and thickening the
precorneal tear film and prolonging the tear film breakdown time, which is usually shortened in
dry eye conditions.
Indications: This medication is used to relieve dry or irritated eyes and soreness.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the drug, Allergic Reactions
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: dry eyes, eye redness, itching, or discomfort, vision changes,
puffy or droopy eyelids, a lump or swelling in your eyelid.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Take note of any other eye condition
- Always replace the cap tightly after each use.
- Tilt the patient’s head back, look up, and pull down the lower eyelid to make a pouch
when administering.
 - Be careful not to touch the dropper or top of the ointment tube or let it touch the
patient’s eye to avoid contamination.

Brand Name: Maxitrol

Generic Name: neomycin, polymyxin b and dexamethasone ophthalmic
Mechanism of Action: It inhibits multiple inflammatory cytokines and produces multiple
glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid effects. A cyclic lipopeptide that penetrates the cell wall of
Gram-negative bacilli to destabilise the cytoplasmic membrane. It is generally less active against
Gram-positive bacteria and An aminoglycoside antibiotic that primarily exerts its effect on
bacterial cells by inhibiting polypeptide assembly and synthesis on the ribosome.
Indications: used to treat the symptoms of Inflammatory Ocular Conditions/Infections.
Contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity to Maxitrol
- Contraindicated in most viral diseases of the cornea and conjunctiva, including epithelial
herpes simplex keratitis (dendritic keratitis), vaccinia, varicella, and also in mycobacterial
infection of the eye and fungal diseases of ocular structures.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: blurred vision, tunnel vision, eye pain, seeing halos around
lights, swelling, redness, severe discomfort, crusting, or drainage (may be signs of infection),
pain behind your eyes, sudden vision changes, and a wound that will not heal
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Advise the patient to discontinue if inflammation or pain persists longer than 48 hours
- Avoid touching the bottle tip to eyelids or to any other surface to avoid contamination
- Instruct patient that their vision may be temporarily blurred.

Brand Name: Mucosolvan

Generic Name: Ambroxol Hcl
Mechanism of Action: It enhances pulmonary surfactant production and stimulates ciliary
activity. These actions result in Improved mucus flow and transport (mucociliary clearance)
Indications: secretolytic therapy in bronchopulmonary disease with abnormal mucus secretion
and transport. It allows the mucus to be more easily cleared and ease a patient's breathing.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the drur. Galactose intolerance, Lapp lactase deficiency or
glucose-galactose malabsorption; fructose intolerance
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Nausea and Vomiting
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Monitor for S&S of aspiration of excess secretions, and for bronchospasm
(unpredictable);withhold drug and notify physician immediately if either occur.

Brand Name: Solmux

Dosage/Administration: Carbocisteine
Mechanism of Action: Reduces the viscosiy of bronchial secretions and facilitate prostaglandins
synthesis at the CNS but foes not have anti inflammatory action because of its minimal effect on
peripheral prostaglandin synthesis.
Indications: Adjunctive therapy for chronic disorder of the resp tract associaed w/ excessive or
viscous mucus.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the drug, active peptic or duodenal ulcer.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: drowsiness,dizziness, nausea, vomitng,abdominal pain
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Obtain pts. History of caugh before giving therapy and reassess after giving the drug
- Assess cough: type, frequency, including sputum
- Provide adequate hydration to 2L/day to decrease viscosity of secretions
- Monior for possible adverse reactons: drowsiness,dizziness, nausea, vomitng,abdominal
pain
- Discuss to patient the details and all information regarding the drug

Brand Name: Sinecod Forte

Generic Name: Butamirate Citrate
Mechanism of Action: acts centrally by decreasing the tussigenic reflex
Indications: Treatment for nonproductive cough
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Butamirate Citrate and its components
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Nausea, Diarrhea, Drowsiness, Dizziness, Rash, Urticaria
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Monitor for dizziness and drowsiness, especially when concurrent therapy with CNS
depressant is used.
- Avoid irritants such as smoking, dust, fumes, and other air pollutants to lessen
unnecessary cough. Humidify ambient air to provide some relief.

Brand Name: Tuseran Forte

Generic Name: Phenylpropanolamine HCl
Mechanism of Action: Releases tissue stores of epinephrine and thereby produces an alpha-
and beta-adrenergic stimulation; this causes vasoconstriction and nasal mucosa blanching; also
appears to depress central appetite centers
Indications: used to treat the congestion associated with allergies, hay fever, sinus irritation,
and the common cold.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Tuseran Forte and its components
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: dizziness, lightheadedness, or drowsiness, headache,
insomnia, anxiety, tremor (shaking) or restlessness, nausea or vomiting, and sweating.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Administer dose early in day to prevent insomnia
- observe for signs of nervousness, excitability

Brand Name: Ventolin

Generic Name: Albuterol (Salbutamol)
Mechanism of Action: Stimulates beta2-adrenergic receptors in lungs, resulting in relaxation of
bronchial smooth muscle
Indications: Treatment or prevention of bronchospasm due to reversible obstructive airway
disease, and prevention of exercise induced bronchospasm.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to albuterol. Severe hypersensitivity to milk protein (dry
powder inhalation).
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Headache, restlessness, nervousness, tremors, nausea,
dizziness, throat dryness and irritation, pharyngitis, B/P changes including hypertension,
heartburn, transient wheezing.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Assess lung sounds, pulse, B/P, color, characteristics of sputum noted.
- Offer emotional support (high incidence of anxiety due to difficulty in breathing and
sympathomimetic response to drug).
- Monitor rate, depth, rhythm, type of respiration; quality and rate of pulse; ECG; serum
potassium, glucose; ABG determinations.
- Assess lung sounds for wheezing (bronchoconstriction), rales.

Brand Name: Gaviscon

Generic Name: aluminum hydroxide and magnesium trisilicate
Mechanism of Action:
Indications: used to treat the symptoms of too much stomach acid such as GERD, stomach
upset, heartburn, and acid indigestion.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to the drug
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Constipation, loss of appetite, nausea/vomiting, unusual
weight loss, bone or muscle pain, mood changes (such as confusion), headache, increased
urination, unusual tiredness.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Assess for history of allergy of antacids to prevent hypersensitivty reactions
- Assess mucous membrane status to evaluate potential problems with absorption and
hydration.
- Inspect the abdomen; auscultate bowel sounds to ensure GI motility.
Brand Name: Kremil-S
Generic Name: Aluminum Hydroxide + Magnesium Hydroxide + Simethicone
Mechanism of Action: Adjunct to H2-blockers or proton pump inhibitors for rapid relief of ulcer
symptoms.
Indications: Used as symptomatic relief of hyperacidity associated w/ peptic ulcer, gastritis,
esophagitis & dyspepsia. Antiflatulent to alleviate the symptoms of gassiness including post-op
gas pain associated w/ hyperacidity.
Contraindications: any known allergy to antacid products or any component of the drug to
prevent hypersensitivity reactions.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Gastric rupture, headache, nausea, irritability, weakness,
tetany, confusion, Hypokalemia.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- All antacids should be administered and taken on a regular schedule
- Clients should be educated to chew antacids tablets well and follow them with water or
milk, if not contraindicated
- Antacids that come in liquid form need to be shaken before taken

Brand Name: Buscopan

Generic Name: Hyoscine Butylbromide
Mechanism of Action: blocks the action of acetylcholine on the receptors found within the
smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal and urinary tract and thus reduces the spasms and
contractions.
Indications: symptomatic relief of gastro-intestinal spasms (stomach and bowel cramps)
associated with irritable bowel syndrome.
Contraindication: Hypersensitivity to Buscopan, Glaucoma, Muscle weakness, Paralytic ileus,
Dilated colon
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Constipation, Reduced ability to sweat, Dry mouth, Allergic
skin reactions and rashes, Flushing light sensitivity, tachycardia, Urinary retention, Allergic
reactions Confusion, Nausea and vomiting, Dizziness.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Drug compatibility should be monitored closely in patients requiring adjunctive therapy
- Avoid driving & operating machinery after parenteral administration.
- Avoid strict heat
- Overdose may cause curare-like effects, such as respiratory paralysis. Keep emergency
equipment available.

Brand Name: Motilium

Generic Name: Domperidone
Mechanism of Action: Blocks dopamine receptor in CTZ
Indications: Management of symptoms associated with GI motility disorders including
subacute/chronic gastritis and diabetic gastroparesis, Treatment of nausea/vomiting associated
with dopamine agonist antiparkinson therapy
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Motilium, moderate or severe hepatic impairment, when
stimulation of the gastric motility could be harmful e.g in patients with gastro-intestinal
haemorrhage, mechanical obstruction or perforation.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: headache, trouble sleeping, nervousness, depression
dizziness, irritability, sleepiness or drowsiness, seizures, agitation, dry mouth , regurgitation,
diarrhea, constipation, nausea, changes in appetite, rash, mouth ulcers or cold sores.
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Assess for nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, and bowel sounds before and after
administration.
- Monitor BP (sitting, standing, lying down) and pulse before and periodically during
therapy. May cause prolonged QT interval, tachycardia, and orthostatic hypotension,
especially in patients older than 60 yr or taking >30 mg/day.
- Monitor for symptoms related to hyperprolactinemia (menstrual abnormalities,
galactorrhea, sexual dysfunction).
- Instruct patient to take as directed.
- Advise patient to avoid grapefruit juice during therapy.

Brand Name: Diatabs

Generic Name: Loperamide Hydrochloride
Mechanism of Action: Directly affects intestinal wall muscles through opioid receptor.
Indications: Acute, Chronic, Traveller’s Diarrhea.
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to loperamide, Abdominal pain without diarrhea; children
younger than 2 yrs; acute dysentery, acute ulcerative colitis, bacterial enterocolitis caused by
invasive organisms, including Salmonella, Shigella, Campylobacter.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Dry mouth, drowsiness, abdominal discomfort, allergic
reaction
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Do not administer if GI bleeding, mechanical obstruction is suspected.
- Investigate cause of diarrhea (infectious vs. noninfectious).
- Encourage adequate fluid intake.
- Assess bowel sounds for peristalsis.
- Monitor daily pattern of bowel activity, stool consistency.
- Withhold drug, notify physician promptly in event of abdominal pain, distention, fever.
Brand Name: Hidrasec
Generic Name: Racecadotril.
Mechanism of Action: inhibitor of enkephalinase,theenzyme responsiblefor breaking
downenkephalins
Indications: Acute treatment of Diarrhea
Contraindications: hypersensitivity to Racecadotril.
Renal or hepatic impairment
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: drowsiness, nausea and vomiting, headache
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Advised patient not to drive because hidrasec makes you drowsy, dizzy or lowers your
blood-pressure extensively
- advise patients not to drink alcohol with medicines as alcohol intensifies drowsiness
side-effects

Brand Name: Allerta

Generic Name: Loratadine
Preparation/Availability: ODT: 10 mg
T(chew): 5 mg ; T: 10 mg
S: 1 mg/ml
Dosage/Administration: A: 10 mg/day
C (6–12 yrs): 10 mg/day
C (2–5 yrs): 5 mg/day
Mechanism of Action: Competes with histamine for H1 receptor sites on effector cells.
Indications: Relief of nasal, non-nasal symptoms of seasonalallergic rhinitis (hay fever).
Treatment of itching due to hives (urticaria).
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to Loratidine or any of its components.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Fatigue, headache, malaise, somnolence, abdominal pain
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Assess lung sounds for wheezing, skin for urticaria, other allergy symptoms.
- For upper respiratory allergies, Increase fluids to decrease viscosity of secretions, offset
thirst, replenish loss of fluids from increased diaphoresis.
- Monitor symptoms for therapeutic response.

Brand Name: Benadryl

Generic Name: Diphenhydramine A: 25–50 mg q6–8h C (6–11 yrs): 12.5–25 mg q4–6h C (2–5
yrs): 6.25 mg q4–6h amuuuu Clonidine Im
Preparation/Availability: T: 25 mg, 50 mg
C: 25 mg, 50 mg
L: 12.5 mg/5 mL
Dosage/Administration: A: 25–50 mg q6–8h
C (6–11 yrs): 12.5–25 mg q4–6h
C (2–5 yrs): 6.25 mg q4–6h
Mechanism of Action: Competes with histamine for H-1 receptor site on effector cells in GI
tract, blood
vessels, respiratory tract.
Indications: Treatment of allergic reactions, including nasal allergies and allergic dermatoses
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to di-phenhydrAMINE.Neonates or premature infants,
breastfeeding.
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions: Chills, confusion, dizziness, fatigue, headache, sedation,
nausea
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Monitor B/P, esp. in elderly (increased risk of hypotension).
- Monitor children closely for paradoxical reaction.
- Monitor for sedation.

Brand Name: Catapres

Generic Name: Cloridipine
Preparation/Availability: T: 0.1 mg, 0.2 mg, 0.3 mg
P: 0.1 mg/hr, 0.2 mg/hr, 0.3 mg/hr
Dosage/Administration: PO: 0.1–0.8 mg divided bid or tid
Topical: 0.1–0.6 mg/wk
Mechanism of Action: Stimulate alpha - adrenergic receptors in the cardiovascular centres of
the CNS, reducing sympathetic outflow and producing an antihypertensive effect.
Indications: Treatment of mild and severe hypertension
Contraindications: Hypersensitivity to clonidine
Side Effects & Adverse Reactions:Sedation, dry mouth, heart block, rebound hypertension,
contact dermatitis with patch, bradycardia, drowsiness
Nursing Responsibilities:
- Monitor B/P, pulse, mental status.
- Monitor daily pattern of bowel activity, stool consistency.
- If clonidine is to be withdrawn, discontinue concurrent beta-blocker therapy several days
before discontinuing clonidine (prevents clonidine withdrawal hypertensive crisis).
- Slowly reduce clonidine dosage over 2–4 days.