INTRODUCTION TO

MOLECULAR AND Rio Hermantara

CELLULAR BIOLOGY
INTRODUCTION
RULES
Students must follow i3L code of conduct.
Students are expected to follow the entire course (100% attendance), however,
to be eligible for the examination, a minimum of 80% attendance is acceptable.
Absences are not judged, and there is no such thing as an “excused absence” at
i3L. Students are either able to attend or not.
An absence is excused only if the student is under a doctor’s care. In this case
Medical Certificate must be submitted to Academic Operations and notification
by email to Academic Operations and Faculty is a matter of courtesy to faculty
and staff.
 AIM OF THIS MCB CLASS
Course Learning Outcomes (CLO)
Upon completion of this course, students should be able to:

CLO1 Define primary cellular biology components

CLO2 Describe the basic role of each cellular biology components and its synergy to function
CLO3 Define primary molecular biology components: DNA, RNA and Protein.
CLO4 Describe the basic process of central dogma: transcription and translation.
CLO5 Explain the regulation of gene expression and repair.
CLO6 Define the basic cellular signaling process and molecular transport.
CLO7 Translate the applications of the manipulation of central dogma molecules.

Gain the perspective as a molecular & cellular biologist

ASSESSMENT & GRADING POLICY
Final Score Grade Weight Status
85-100 A 4 Passed

Type Weight 80-84.9 A- 3.67 Passed

75-79.9 B+ 3.33 Passed
Assignment 20% 70-74.9 B+ 3 Passed
65-69.9 B- 2.67 Passed
Quizzes 30%
60-64.9 C+ 2.33 Passed
Mid Term Exam 25% 55-59.9 C 2 Passed
50-54.9 D+ 1.5 Passed
Final Exam 25%
45-49.9 D 1 Failed
0-44.9 E 0 Failed
 REFERENCES
∙ Reece, J., et.al. 2013. Campbell Biology. Benjamin Cummings.
∙ Alberts, B., Johnson, A., et.al. 2008. Molecular Biology of the Cells, 5th Edition.
Garland Science.
∙ Lodish, H. F., et.al. 2013. Molecular Cell Biology, 6th Edition. Freeman and Co.

∙ Papers & publications

WHAT YOU ARE EXPECTED TO LEARN

Molecular and Cellular Biology

 LEVELS OF ORGANIZATION
Non-living organization Living organization
• Atom - elements • Organelles
• Molecule – compounds ~ monomer, • Cells
polymer • Tissues
• Organelles – nucleus, ER, Golgi • Organs
• Organ systems
• Organisms
WHAT YOU ARE EXPECTED TO HAVE
LEARNED
General Biology
Biochemistry!
Microbiology
 BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW:
ATOMS
Elements
H, C, O, and N

Types of bonds
Covalent bonds
Non-covalent bonds
? Ionic bonds
? Hydrogen bonds Red constitute 99% of the total number of atoms Fig1:
present in
Pubchem

? Van der Waals interactions the human body

Blue adds an additional 0.9% of the total
Green are required in trace amounts by humans
Unclear whether those elements shown in yellow are
essential in humans
BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW:
COVALENT BONDS
BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW:
MONOMERS 🡪 POLYMERS

Specific sequence of monomers will induce

specific structure 🡪 specific action
BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW:
NON-COVALENT BONDS
BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW:
MORE ON HYDROGEN BONDS
 BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW:
NON-COVALENT BONDS
1. Shaping stable conformation

2. Create strong attraction for polymer binding

BIOCHEMISTRY REVIEW
MCB SYLLABUS AY Week MCB Class Note
1 Introduction & History -
2 DNA, RNA, protein structure
3 Genome and DNA replication
2022/2023
4 DNA repair and recombination Molecular
5 Gene structure and expression Quiz? level
Regulation of gene expression
6
(Transcription Level)
Regulation of gene expression (Post-
7
Transcription Level)
Mid-term exams
8 Cell organization and mobility
9 Cell cycle, cell division, and cell death Cellular
10 Membrane transport and cell signalling Quiz? level
11 Cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction
12 Stem cell and cell engineering
13 Assignment presentation 1 -
14 Assignment presentation 2 -
Q: Quiz
Final term exams
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
Structure of DNA (and RNA)
Organization (Eukaryote & Prokaryote)
Function (Replication & repair)
Expression ~ protein structures (transcription and translation)
Regulation of expression (Eukaryote & Prokaryote)

Bonus: Genetic engineering & genome editing

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY:
STRUCTURE OF DNA, RNA, AND PROTEIN

RNA

protein

DNA
 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY:
DNA ORGANIZATION – THE GENOME
Eukaryote (human) genome

Prokaryote genome
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY:
DNA REPLICATION, REPAIR, AND
RECOMBINATION DNA
recombination

Bacterial DNA
replication

DNA lesion and DNA repair

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY:
GENE EXPRESSION
(EUKARYOTE VS PROKARYOTE)
 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY:
GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION
(EUKARYOTE VS PROKARYOTE)
Prokaryotic gene regulation Eukaryotic gene regulation
 MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (BONUS)
GENETIC ENGINEERING AND GENOME
EDITING
Genetic engineering Genome editing tools

Source: NEB

Source: Wang et al., Annu. Rev. Biochem. 2016. 85:227–64

MID BREAK
CELLULAR BIOLOGY
Structure, structure functions, & organization
Cell division & cell death
Cell interactions (Eukaryote)
Cellular function (Cell signaling, membrane transport) (Eukaryote)

Bonus: stem cell and cellular/tissue engineering

CELLULAR BIOLOGY:
ORGANELLES, ORGANELLE FUNCTIONS,
AND ORGANIZATION

Mol Biology of the Cell (6th ed)

 CELLULAR BIOLOGY:
CELL DIVISION AND CELL DEATH
Cell division (mitosis) Cell death
CELLULAR BIOLOGY:
MEMBRANE TRANSPORT
CELLULAR BIOLOGY:
CELLULAR RECEPTORS 🡪 INTRACELLULAR
SIGNALING
 CELLULAR BIOLOGY:
CELLULAR INTERACTIONS (EUKARYOTES
VS PROKARYOTES)
Cell-to-cell interaction Cell-to-extracellular matrix interaction

Figure from Becthel, et al. 2021. Nature Rev. Chem. Biol. Schoen & Mitchell. 2013. Biomaterials Science
CELLULAR BIOLOGY (BONUS):
STEM CELLS AND CELL ENGINEERING

Figure from Naqvi & McNamara. 2020. Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

FINAL ASSIGNMENT
Pick up a molecular/cellular biology paper (research article), discussed it with your
team, and present it to your piers
Teams could not present the same paper
Presentation: session 7 and session 14
Deadlines:

? Ppt submission: session 5&11

Assessment :
? 70% material
? 20% self & team assessment
? 10% questions and engagements
FINAL ASSIGNMENT
Pick up a molecular/cellular biology topics, discussed it with your team, and make a
video
Teams could not present the same paper
Presentation: session 7 and session 14
Deadlines:
? Paper submission (to me!): mid-term
? Ppt submission: session 11
Assessment :
? 70% material
? 20% self & team assessment
? 10% questions and engagements
 TEAM UP!

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND

BM CLASS
 A LITTLE BIT OF HISTORY OF THE
GENE
Charles Darwin
1859
The theory of evolution

Gregor Mendel
1866
Inheritance of traits in peas

Friedrich Miescher
1869
Isolated “nuclein” from white blood cells

Walter Flemming
1882
Describes chromosomes during mitosis

W Waldeyer
1888
Names chromosomes “color bodies”
 Hugo DeVries, Karl Correns, and Erich Von Tschermak
1900
independently rediscover and verify Mendel’s Laws

William Bateson
1906
coins the term “genetics”

1910- Thomas H. Morgan and Alfred H. Sturtevant

1913 announce the gene theory and chart the first linear map of genes

1928 Frederick Griffith

Transforming principle

1929 Phoebus Aaron Levene

Tetranucleotide

1938 Warren Weaver

Coined “molecular biology”
Proteins and DNA are studied by using X-ray crystallography.
1944 Oswald Avery, Colin MacLeod, and Maclyn McCarty
demonstrate that Griffith’s bacterial transforming principle is not protein but DNA
and suggest that it may function as the genetic material

1950 Erwin Chargaff

shows amounts of the bases A and T, and G and C are equal
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase
1952
use bacteriophage (viruses) to confirm that DNA is the
hereditary material
Maurice Wilkins and Rosalind Franklin
use X-ray crystallography to reveal the repeating structure
of B-form DNA (using DNA purified by Signer)

1953 James Watson and Francis Crick

deduce DNA’s double helix conformation
 NEXT WEEK: DNA, RNA, AND PROTEIN
STRUCTURES
Assignment: Read Watson-Crick paper (1953)

DON’T FORGET TO CHECK-OUT

STAY SAFE AND SEE YOU NEXT WEEK
CELLULAR BIOLOGY:
ENERGY CONVERSION