SCIENCE

Q 1:WRITE ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF ORGANIC

NATURE?

Advantages of Organic Farming

 No Genetically modified organisms – Some people are afraid
of the idea of genetically modified seeds, but those who rely on
organic farming for their crops don’t have to worry about GMOs.
These farms focus on preventing any interaction with outside
organisms. Organic farming is a more natural way to grow food,
so there is less risk of contamination, mutation or loss in crop
yield.
 Does not harm the soil – Organic farmers use methods that
can replace synthetic fertilisers and pesticides. They work with
the soil to build healthy ecosystems and prevent erosion.
Organic farmers also have a lower impact on the environment
than their conventional counterparts, because they don’t use
chemicals that harm water quality or pollute the air.
 More nutritious food – Farming practices that use organic
methods make sure that the soil is fertile and fertilisers are not
needed. These methods also produce nutrients like calcium,
phosphorus, iron, and magnesium in a natural way. Organic
farms can also make sure that the animals they raise are treated
humanely because the farm will provide them with healthier food
instead of using antibiotics to compensate for unhealthy food.
 Safer and healthier work environment – Organic farming can
provide a healthy working environment, which is something
important when you’re constantly surrounded by workers with
health problems. Organic farmers have lower rates of pesticide
exposure and use fewer harmful chemicals to maintain their land
and crops.
 Increased resistance to pests and disease – Organic farms
are resistant to pests, weeds, and diseases because they are
 typically kept without the use of pesticides, herbicides, and
synthetic fertilisers. The increase in pest resistance also helps to
reduce production costs for organic farmers.
 Fertilisers are made naturally and on site –  Organic fertilisers
are made on site and use natural substances that help to enrich
the crops without killing them. This type of farming is better for
the earth, and it helps people who want to eat a healthier diet or
make a bigger difference in the environment.
 Can grow more variety of crops – Organic farming can help
farmers grow more variety in a shorter amount of time through
methods such as crop rotation, composting, and animal breeding
to make the land more productive without using any artificial
fertilisers or pesticides.
 Climate-friendly and easier on the environment – Organic
farming reduces carbon dioxide emissions by 25% and saves the
water required to farm organic crops. Organic farms can be
cultivated in a far more diverse range of eco-friendly ways, which
creates a better balance between the native ecosystem,
livestock and plants.
 Sustainable  – In contrast to conventional farming, organic
farming is more sustainable for the future because it’s more
environmentally friendly and less destructive to the land. Organic
farmers use sustainable agricultural practices such as
maintaining crop rotation, using livestock to convert weeds into
nutrient-rich soil and cover crops, and minimising chemical
usage

Disadvantages of Organic Farming

 Lack of subsidies – Organic farming is without question a better
choice than non-organic farming because of the lack of
pesticides and GMOs. However, one big drawback is that
organic farms are not subsidised by the government, so they
have to rely on other methods such as charging higher prices to
make up for their lack of income.
 Pesticides and other chemicals may still be used – Organic
farmers may use organic pesticides and other chemicals when
 necessary because the financial and monetary benefits outweigh
health and environmental benefits (cause farmers may even lose
their land if they do not make money off their crops)
 Not 100% organic  – Organic farming might not be truly organic.
This can happen because of pesticides, herbicides and other
chemicals that make their way into the soil. Moreover, farmers
might be incentivised to use pesticides in order to prevent their
crops from being destroyed by pests, because such a loss might
result in a huge financial burden.
 Lack of support and infrastructure – One of the prominent
disadvantages of organic farming include the lack of
infrastructure to support the industry and its many processes. It
is also difficult for farmers to receive a profit from organic
farming because it is too expensive to produce.
 Large initial investment – Organic farming is an expensive
business. To start an organic farm, it is recommended that a
minimum investment of $50,000 be made. As the organic farmer
makes more money, he or she can invest in new equipment for
the farm. Organic farming can also be difficult because
fertilisers, pesticides and other chemicals cannot be used to
maintain the health or fend off pests from crops.
 Organic farming is Knowledge-Intensive – Organic farming is
a knowledge-intensive process that has a variety of different
strategies. For example, organic farmers have to independently
monitor the amount of carbon dioxide and water in the
atmosphere, soil moisture, acidity levels, and other
environmental factors related to their farming methods. Farmers
must also be aware of each plant’s natural life cycle as well as
the soil’s needs. They must also comply with organic safety
regulations if they want their milk and meat to sell to consumers.
 Organic farming requires more work than conventional
farming – This means that organic farms need to employ a
workforce that is well-versed with various organic farming
practices. This also means increased costs and lower profit
margins. Organic farms are also not as productive as non-
organic farms; they often produce less than a third of what a
farmer could by conventional means.
  Complex paperwork and documentation – Organic farming
has less pesticides and no GMOs, but it does have its
disadvantages. One of the biggest concerns is that organic
farming has a tedious certification process, which can take up to
six months or more and a considerable initial investment. For
organic farmers in developing countries, this is a problem
because the market for organic produce doesn’t exist yet.
 Requires considerable efforts in marketing – The biggest
disadvantage is the lack of marketing for organic produce which
makes it difficult to compete with conventional crops and less
profitable in terms of revenue.
 High cost – Organic food is more expensive in the long run
because it’s often more labour-intensive and its yields are quite
low. Some argue that organic food isn’t worth the higher cost
because it doesn’t have the same scientific and technological
advantages as non-organic food.

Q :2: DISCRIBE THE TYPE OF ORGANIC MANURE

ACURATLY?
ANS: Organic manure is nutrient derived from organic sources
like animal waste, vegetable compost, agricultural residues,
human excreta, etc. Basically they are natural materials that decay
and get mixed with the soil thereby increasing its fertility.