UNIT 5 AND 11

Grammar and vocabulary

Hello girls, we’re going to review units five and eleven in unit 5 we saw Homes, locations,
phrasal verbs, verb patterns, materials, making comparisons and future

So, anyone can tell me when do we use the comparative and when the superlative

Comparative- to compare two things

Superlative- to compare three or more things

How do you do the comparative when the adjective has one syllable? When it has two or
more? What happens with good, bad and far? And the opposite of more?

One syllable: add -er; Old – older

Ends in -e: add -r; safe – safer

Ends in consonant + vowel + consonant: double the final consonant; thin – thinner

Two-syllable adjectives; long adjectives: more spacious

Good - better

Bad - worse

Far – further/farther

More - less

How do you do the superlative when the adjective has one syllable? When it has two or
more? What happens with good, bad and far? And the opposite of more?

One syllable: add -est; Old – oldest

Ends in -e: add -st; safe – safest

Ends in consonant + vowel + consonant: double the final consonant; thin – thinnest

Two-syllable adjectives; long adjectives: most spacious

Good - best

Bad - worst

Far – furthest/farthest

More – least
What’s the meaning of much, far or a lot in the comparative? And slightly, a little or a bit?

much, far or a lot – there’s a big difference

slightly, a little or a bit – there’s a small difference

Other ways to make comparative are with:

the same+noun+as - are the same

As+adjective+as - are the same

Similar to+ noun - nearly the same

Not as+ adjective + as – are not the same

Different from + noun – are not the same

PHRASAL VERBS

• Clear sth out – sacar/vaciar

• Sort sth out – ordenar
• Give sth away – donar
• Throw sth away – tirar
• Take sth out – sacar
• Tidy (sth) up – limpiar
• Put sth away – guardar
• Come back – regresar
• Go through sth – revisar

FUTURE

Will (subject+’ll/won’t/will+ infinitive)

- When we decide to do something at the time of speaking

- For a prediction that is a personal opinion and is not based on present evidence

Be going to (subject+ am/are/is+(not)+going + to infinitive)

- When we already have a plan or an intention to do something

- For a prediction that is based on present evidence

Present continuous (subject + be+(not)+ verb + ing)

- When we have an arrangement with another person

Verb patterns

- When we use two verbs together the form of the second verb usually depends on
the first verb.
Materials

• Wool – lana
• Rubber – goma
• Metal – metal
• Cardboard – cartón
• Plastic – plastico
• Leather – cuero
• Paper – papel
• Cotton – algodon
• Wood – madera
• Tin – lata
• Glass – vidrio
• Steel – acero

In unit 11 we saw verb-noun collocations, vocabulary about crime, guessing meaning from
context, present perfect for giving news and relative clauses.

Verb-collocations

• Get sacked/promoted/lost
• Have an accident/an operation/a problem
• Lose/find a job/a wallet/ your key
• Pass/fail a driving test/an exam/a course

Guessing meaning from context

• Sometimes you can guess the meaning of a word by

a) Knowing what type of word it is
b) Understanding the general meaning of the word and the rest of the sentence

Present perfect for giving news

We use the present perfect for giving news about things that happened in the past, but are
connected to now

• Yet – something hasn’t happened, but we think it will happen in the future
• Just – to say something happened some time in the past
• Already – to say something happened some time in the past

Relative clauses

We use relative clauses to say which person/place/thing we are talking about

• Who or that – people

• Which or that – things
• Where – places