UNIT 4

ANALYTICAL EXPOSITION
3.5 membedakan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan
beberapa teks eksposisi analitis lisan dan tulis dengan memberi
dan meminta informasi terkait isu aktual, sesuai dengan konteks
penggunaannya.

KOMPETENSI 4.4.1. menangkap makna secara kontekstual terkait fungsi social,

DASAR struktur teks, dan unsur kebahasaan teks eksposisi analitis lisan
dan tulis, terkait isu aktual.
4.4.2. menyusun teks eksposisi tulis terkait isu aktual, dengan
memperhatikan fungsi sosial, struktur teks, dan unsur
kebahasaan, secara benar dan sesuai konteks.

ACTIVITY 1.
You are going to watch a video. Before you watch the video, study the following
questions.

1. What does the speaker talk about?

2. Why does the speaker discuss about it?

3. Does the speaker present some reasons related to the topic being discussed?

4. What is the possible impact of the talk to the listeners?

Now, watch the video to find out the answer for the questions above. Here is the link
for the video.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7sTHA_4pZPI

ACTIVITY 2.
Based on the information that you find in the video, arrange the following paragraphs into
a good order.

In conclusion, honey is beneficial for people. It can help overcome various kinds of
A health problems that people may suffer from.

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 Secondly, honey can relieve coughing. It can be consumed by people suffering
B from coughs and sore throats.

Fourthly, honey is useful for antioxidant. Research has shown that honey possesses
antioxidant activity. It scavenges free radicals and inhibits lipid peroxidation.
C Studies reveal that honey is able to stimulate the antioxidant defense system in the
tissues.

Firstly, honey has been used as a topical antibiotic by practitioners of traditional

and herbal medicine. Numerous studies have shown that honey has broad-
D spectrum antibacterial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
In simple words, it kills pathogenic bacteria that can make us sick.

Lastly, honey possesses strong anti-inflammatory activity, and may play an

important role in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases. Studies have shown
E that natural honey reduces total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(LDL-C), and increases high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). In short, it is
good for the heart.

Thirdly, honey is a popular folk treatment for burns and other skin injuries.
F Preliminary evidence suggests that honey aids in the healing of burns at 4–5 days
faster than other dressings.

Honey is a sweet, viscous food substance made by honey bees. Bees produce
G honey from plants nectar by enzymatic activity and water evaporation. Honey has
some health benefits.

To make it easier, you can write the letters in the table provided below.

---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----

ACTIVITY 3.
Complete the table below based on the text that you have arranged in the previous
activity.

Honey is a sweet, viscous food substance made by honey bees. Bees

Thesis produce honey from plants nectar by enzymatic activity and water
evaporation. Honey has some health benefits.

Argument 1

Argument 2

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 Argument 3

Argument 4

Argument 5

Conclusion/
Reiteration

ACTIVITY 4.
Now, browse in the internet, read books or other resources to find out more
information about analytical exposition. Write down your findings in the space
provided below.

ACTIVITY 5.
Read the text from activity 3 more carefully and find out the following information based
on the text.

1. What is the topic of the text?

2. How many arguments does the writer present in the text?

3. Mention 3 arguments that the writer presents in the text.

4. What does the writer conclude at the end of the text?

5. What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text?

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 6. If you agree with the writer’s conclusion, what will you do related to honey?

If you observe the sentences in the text more carefully, what tense does the writer
7.
mostly use, simple present or simple past tense?

Mention the conjunctions that the writer uses in presenting the arguments and in
8.
making conclusion.

ACTIVITY 6.
You will read two texts with different topic. Read the text carefully and find out the
differences. Fill in the table to show the result of your analysis.

TEXT 1.

Hand sanitizer is a liquid, gel, or foam generally used to decrease infectious agents on the
hands. In most healthcare settings alcohol-based hand sanitizers are preferable to hand washing
with soap and water. However, hand sanitizers come with certain side effects.
Firstly, hand sanitizer can increase the risk of eczema. Using a hand sanitizer that contains
at least 60% alcohol may increase the risk of hand dermatitis or 'eczema’ because of the
"increased contact with irritants and allergens.' This commonly manifests on the skin with
redness, dryness, cracks, and even blisters that cause itch or pain," Caroline Nelson, M.D. a
Yale Medicine dermatologist and instructor at Yale School of Medicine, says.
Secondly, hand sanitizer can irritate our skin. They are antiseptic products—they are
formulated to disinfect the skin. Vanessa Thomas, a cosmetic chemist, and founder of Freelance
Formulations says "The primary disinfecting ingredient in hand sanitizer formulas is ethyl or
isopropyl alcohol, and they are formulated along with thickeners softeners and sometimes
fragrances to curtail the strong smell of alcohol. Frequent use of it can cause skin irritation, or
dry out the skin. If you have sensitive skin, the effects can be worse. The drying out is caused by
alcohol."
Thirdly, "the overuse of alcohol-based hand sanitizers to safeguard against the germs and
infection-causing pathogens could inversely increase the risk of infection via skin disorders.
Overdoing may remove benign bacteria on the skin that is not good," says Dr. Norris.
The final thoughts from the doctors is that hand sanitizers are a good alternative to reduce
potentially infectious microbial load—such as viruses, bacteria, fungus—on the hands or skin, if
soap and water is not immediately available but it is not as good as soap. Relying on hand
sanitizers to keep hands clean may not be your best strategy.
Adapted from: https://www.eatthis.com/side-effects-hand-sanitizer/

TEXT 2.

People seem to carry bottled water everywhere they go these days. In fact, it has become
the second most popular drink (behind soft drinks). Here are some reasons to make sure you
are drinking enough water every day.
Firstly, drinking water helps maintain the balance of body fluids. Our body is composed of
about 60% water. The functions of these bodily fluids include digestion, absorption, circulation,
creation of saliva, transportation of nutrients, and maintenance of body temperature. When you're
low on fluids, the brain triggers the body's thirst mechanism.

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 Secondly, water can help control calories. For years, dieters have been drinking lots of
water as a weight loss strategy. While water doesn't have any magical effect on weight loss,
substituting it for higher calorie beverages can certainly help. Food with high water content tends
to look larger, its higher volume requires more chewing, and it is absorbed more slowly by the
body, which helps you feel full.
Thirdly, water helps energize muscles. Cells that do not maintain their balance of fluids
and electrolytes shrivel can result in muscle fatigue. When muscle cells don't have adequate
fluids, they do not work well.
In addition, water helps our kidneys. Body fluids transport waste products in and out of
cells. The main toxin in the body is blood urea nitrogen, a water-soluble waste that is able to
pass through the kidneys to be excreted in the urine. Our kidneys do an amazing job of cleansing
and ridding our body of toxins as long as the intake of fluids is adequate. If we chronically drink
too little, we may be at higher risk for kidney stones.
In conclusion, drinking water is very good for our body. It helps control the body fluids and
the calories. It is also very useful for our kidneys and muscles.

Summary on the analysis of the text above:

Text 1 Text 2

Topic

Number of
arguments that the
writer presents.

Main points of the

arguments given by
the writer

The writer’s
conclusion

Possible impact of
the text to the
readers

The communicative
purpose of the text

Tense mostly used

in the text

Conjunctions used
in the text

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 Text 1 Text 2

Similarities of both
texts

Differences of both
texts

ACTIVITY 7.
You are going to read an analytical exposition. After you read the text, you are supposed
to make a summary. To make the summary, you are provided with some clues. Complete
the clues with the information that you find in the text.

Sugar occurs naturally in all foods that contain carbohydrates, such as fruits and
vegetables, grains, and dairy. Consuming whole foods that contain natural sugar is okay but
problems occur when we consume too much added sugar. Added sugar is sugar that food
manufacturers add to products to increase flavor or extend shelf life. Sugar has a bittersweet
reputation when it comes to health. Consuming too much added sugar can have some bad
impacts for our health.
In a study published in 2014 in JAMA Internal Medicine, Dr. Hu and his colleagues
found an association between a high-sugar diet and a greater risk of dying from heart disease.
Over the course of the 15-year study, people who got 17% to 21% of their calories from added
sugar had a 38% higher risk of dying from cardiovascular disease compared with those who
consumed 8% of their calories as added sugar. "Basically, the higher the intake of added
sugar, the higher the risk for heart disease," says Dr. Hu.
Consuming too much added sugar can also raise blood pressure and increase chronic
inflammation, both of which are pathological pathways to heart disease. Excess consumption
of sugar, especially in sugary beverages, also contributes to weight gain. This is why it is
easier for people to add more calories to their regular diet when consuming sugary beverages.
"The effects of added sugar intake — higher blood pressure, inflammation, weight gain,
diabetes, and fatty liver disease — are all linked to an increased risk for heart attack and
stroke," says Dr. Hu. Yet, Dr. Hu warns against being overzealous in your attempts to cut back
on added sugar, as this can backfire.
From the reasons above, the conclusion is that consuming too much added sugar is
not good for our health. It will not only contribute to weight gain but also increase the risk for
heart diseases.
Adapted from: https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/the-sweet-danger-of-sugar

After reading the text above let me make the summary of it. The text is about
…………………………………………… The writer believes that ………………
To convince the readers about the topic, the writer presents …… arguments or reasons
(mention the number of arguments). The arguments/reasons that the writer presents are:
1. …
2. ….
3. …..
At the end of the text, the conclusion that the writer makes is that ……………

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 I myself agree/disagree with the writer. After knowing about the information as mentioned in
the text I will probably ………………………….

ACTIVITY 8.
An infographic can be another form of presenting ideas in mentioned in an analytical
exposition. Based on the summary that you have made above, complete the following
infographic. Please, remember about the structure of an analytical exposition.

ACTIVITY 9.
Observe your surrounding and think about a certain topic that you are going to write. After
you decide the topic, please complete the following draft that you are going to develop
later.

Thesis

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Argument 1

Argument 2

Argument 3

Conclusion/
Reiteration

ACTIVITY 10.
Based on the draft that you made before, develop each of the main idea into an analytical
exposition. Remember the tense and the conjunction that you need to use.

ACTIVITY 11.
You are going to post an infographic to public audiences. Please do the following:

1. Make an infographic based on your own analytical exposition. Do it with the help of an
infographic application (e.g., Canva, Postermywall) or make it by a manual drawing. Make it
in two versions, English and Indonesian.
2. Post your infographic on your social media such as Instagram, Facebook, or WhatsApp status
so that more people can read your ideas. Don’t forget to tag your teacher (IG:
@yuanapurnami, FB: Yuana Purnaminingsih).

“Do something today that your future self will thank you for.” ― Sean Patrick Flanery

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