SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ZAMBALES

JOSEPHINE F. KHONGHUN SPECIAL EDUCATION CENTER

ADVANCE MATHEMATICS 9
QUARTER 2 – WEEK 1 and 2
SY 2020-2021
January 06, 2021

Lesson: The Circle

Objectives:
1. Identify and define the parts of a circle
2. Determine the equation of a circle with center at (0,0) and (h,k), and standard
form and general form
3. Illustrate and solve for the equation of a circle given the radius, vertex, a point,
and intersection of lines

Activity 1: The Circle and its Parts

Terms related to Circle Definition

1. Center

2. Radius

3. Diameter

4. Circumference

5.Area of a Circle

Activity 2: Draw and label the parts defined above.

Now you have identified the different parts of the circle and its definitions. Let’s
move on and try to determine the equation of a circle and some define some terms related.
 DISCUSSION:

A circle is formed when the cutting plane is parallel to the base of the conic section. It is defined as
the locus of points P (x,y) that are equidistant form a fixed point. The fixed point of a circle is called the
center and the fixed distance is called the radius. Radius is the distance from the center to any point in
the circle. The distance around the circle is called the circumference. The area of the circle is obtained by
using the formula A = πr2 and the circumference by using C = πd or 2πr.

The segment CP is called the radius (r). Using the distance formula to derive the equation
of a circle whose center is at point of origin, we have

CP = √( x2 - x1)2 + (y2 - y1)2

r= √( x2 - x1)2 + (y2 - y1)2
r= √( x2 - 0)2 + (y2 - 0)2
r= √( x)2 + (y)2
r2 = x2 + y2

Hence, the equation of a circle whose center is at (0,0) is x 2 + y2 = r2.

Example: Find the equation of a circle where the center is at (0, 0) with a radius of
5 units.
Given C (0, 0) and r = 5;

x2 + y2 = r2

x2 + y2 = 52

x2 + y2 = 25

Deriving the equation of a circle:

r = √( x2 - x1)2 + (y2 - y1)2
r2 = ( x - h)2 + (y - k)2

Thus, the equation of a circle with center at (h,k) is (x – h)2 + (y –k)2 = r2. It is the
standard equation of a circle, when C(h,k) and the radius( r ). It is also known as the center
radius form.

Example: Find the equation of a circle where the center is at (3, 4) with a radius of
3√2 units.

Given C (3, 4) and r = 3√2 ;

(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = (3√2) 2

(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = (9)(2)

(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = 18

When we simplify (x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2 , we have:

x2 - 2hx + h2 + y2 – 2ky + k2 = r2

x2 + y2 - 2hx – 2ky + (h2 + k2 – r2) = 0

 Since h,k, and r are constant for any given circle, we can rewrite it as Ax2 + Cy2 + Dx
+ Ey + F = 0. This is the general equation of a circle.

Example: Translate (x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = 18 to general equation.

(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 = 18

(x2 – 6x + 9) + (y2 – 8x +16) = 18

x2 +y2 – 6x – 8x + (9+16 – 18) = 0

x2 +y2 – 6x – 8x + 7 = 0

*Unit Circle is a circle whose radius is equal to one. Its equation is x2 + y2 = 1.

Other Examples:

1. Find the equation of a circle whose center is at (4,-2) and passes through the point (7,1).

Given: C (4,-2) P (7,1) x=7 y=1

We can determine the equation of a circle if we have the coordinates of the center (h,k)
and r. In this case, solve first for the value of r which is the distance between C (4,-2) and P(7,1).

r = √( x - h)2 + (y - k)2
r = √ ( 7 - 4)2 + (1 – (-2))2
r = √ ( 3)2 + (3)2
r = √18
r2 = 18

Using the equation:

(x – h)2 + (y –k)2 = r2
(x – 4)2 + (y – (-2)2 = 18
(x – 4)2 + (y + 2)2 = 18 standard equation

Transforming to general equation

(x – 4)2 + (y + 2)2 = 18
(x2 – 8x + 16) + (y2 + 4y + 4) = 18
x2 + y2 – 8x +4y + (16 + 4 – 18) = 0
x2 + y2 – 8x + 4y + 2 = 0 general equation