DEFEDISG THE A

HE BLooD HGAIN
HE RoLG Or BicOD I
DISEAse

all around us (Viruse, bactar

Mie-org
m-orqanis.nusare

u ar breale, ha Food we eat ,

all sue ca
are n we

and all over owr bodu

Our bodies hase sesaral i s t nas datau

incude da following
between e
S wwe creatas o pretactwe barar
nwirvnmat.
extarnal and itarnal
and Tearn 4asu praset
yebows, Euelales, Eyeds
-

foreignnatarial r ating es
materals atanpi
-Har 4 Muus n
e Nostils - traps foreig
to eder via h a air passanaA

-Stnach Acid Llls nost ness eausngr3anis praet

on ngeted matarial

IF s barriersa r e brokw Pre hes uro-orgars

nkar kody fralT disease cusing
mmcro-organsma
are refarred b as pallage

If broke bacriec is skin, e ady's

b prevent e farar
wound
e loss
antrante
q
asu paogens as well as to stop
blood
Tke wouwd is dosed wi e ad f _eell n e blood

ww work bfoung a
slead do A complex seias reach.or
 toke placa resutng fraten o e , an gous

Tubr potan wue traps red bloosels platalets ons 3o

and plugs agap arrs scab). n blood plutuuts
Llood e l l
a

a pumra and n
te contact wok Pa. daoed arua a bird
wors
e ouna
acl otor, otfectuelfprmng OrR over

e nol ads, ard etteetuwols cloino e wownd

oon ood
areer wownd reaue amore Dnplex soutuon

ara otac t a n e , olar a n plateuts. btal,

plesea
a 12 blood clotuna fadors, and t anu ona
trample ore e n c o d
work , clottg will not oc ur.
o
aoe nd
faetoc_reeula e
eting eter is factnr vIL aLa of t
asease a e pula

BLooD CLoTTINC
broken blaod vessel

ralaase thrombokinase
platelets

thgmbin
Prohrembin- and Vitain K
Gn plasma) Ca
rioaen on
(sclude in plasoma kr
colls entagled
plateeis r e d det
scab (seals bleod veuels).
hardens to orm a
 e padhooens hava ntered Hhe bodu, eithar
A Noumd er otler Wise , Wy start to u l t p . At us
Pont
r e are net sufRiet anmoms q pakoge pre
o a t t e t our bad thus perod of multpliobon ia call

ncucatien pened Eventuall, wen

we do stat e
ptmus,t s du t o rekase toin
bactana or
be remaus e daod bactera uu are
alse
toxie Differunt paltogem causu dutteret pn.
Once dh palenm nten e bodu t a
recogud by

wbesin blood beung foreign Te bodu

s e r dhaminal makeup is dutfermt to at of
d
oar ce e bodu, thu chemiuas aru ceterred t
sa. I u. patthogem whieh iavade d bodu are few
and non:spaauhie, e phagoeutes can hande Haur rEoia

bacterium

bacteriunm engulfea

enymes destroy
bucterium prolucts absorbed
by ell

Process of phagocytosis
 However, itis e invaon o e daugerou,pecitie

g wue caoe OtiMmunero3pouse e bodu Ts

se to
reponse a a
to h prasemee of hase antoeu nvolyes tna productioa

etiaeds o tosk which is ndertakaus bu4mpkte The

Lephecta rcogiae e
aigen, alert oterumpheetes
d produee tha atbodies, The antibednes are responsible

ore cttack, dusarmina, destruetio amd rmoal ot e

paoges
This precess is net exast and takes abit et timeas t e

ahbedy wnics is tomed isexact for te amtigen preset.

e autigen
i durng a produetion ef e corret antibod a t
ives, uulkglying and attacking bodafter He incubation
relaased and ue 'war.
pariod. Dnee formed, de autilodies a r e
and4
epahogeus begiu. Wken eneuqh ouctibodiss ara produnad
a r e reroyad
pateg an bas baan dastrnued and e remnants
start tu feel better
r sstem and ha Lodu ca

Atibodus funetion variey ot duftereut ways s o m e bar

t o blood al;ers il He antigen, tlur o
sene cauis

and e a remoal e
ogekar resulfiung i Haur dealh
antbadios retraire e toxin which
agots and lasty,
rproducad e e antge
e antboeies whiuh were
rifter inwadars bave e a rumnaved
hey no
longer neaded. However,
Lnd, slouy disiatagrate as ere

behind Msen lmphogyt, Thus way yecihie anti

A
adas a seomd t , mman mphocte mmedatelu

gse ha.and dheq produea lerg amouds ot reauurad

antibodi This tima e
pahoqen doas not e ti t
newbata and it is guiuk
ra oved berore mptous can

appaarTs uallad mmuundty , mare. pecala

umphoeta lharn bmake He anbbo
a seve. Netural Acauirad
Actificual asuud
Jo am also acauirt actwe immuuntu wroug
A
vaceins u
vaeinae
a substauue at, wen
intoduced udo
feahas e aun yatew to detec and destro a parti
Vinu, bauteriuum or perait.hab aur
disease,Ln vacunation
apatege uinmducsd into He badu
to weak to eproduea or aw n a
e boda earn
mwwe repon is stimulateo u ne ealo Re te
produce abodias wbiu can ht off dase foreis
wihot worni ng ebout m
cann o em. Sometimes
hore are
ida.cffeds a his knd ot
vaceinahonpenma
a ge a
tuuer,oc oer *unpto assedstad it de.
dasaarr ane ungvacesnatad. foe. Tus is da to e
antieenproduing rea ctien wiel would shmnlate t
produstin ot atibodies bodu
he vacine wuee is qv ma be
A Weakennd stote of a miersbes;
A daad mierobe;

.Modiad to xi wirobe
e a
-

Ahanlas bactera wik La beun eaetiual engineares

to
carry antig t a dufirut disaase: g
mieroha

Tis alo a
loanseu b prda a atikedier
ndrtrt menarm
Lmphoctes.LArttiuial Acawred Atwe Tmeunaittu
Anethar wa ot
beemmn immuns
diseaj s ro
passive m here premade antubodies are
eutad ito uou. The
tetanus shot isa exanple
us. Te ubodies are
tur in a les or b a readypnada
aninal, amd isn a serum tom.Tus is
un wd b a doctor aho ave t to uou ot. U
nd ot Immwni u hara are no sida ettets os ha
atigen s not
used so er are no umptomm ot he
dis eas expored t de
seere e bodu already has e antbodius i
t.Howeuer,
ntoodues ca ca oreke down and person can aeat nfeetea
aapza period betwen shot t expoad. Thus won+
heppa
u hava loaned hous o produee Pheir ow anibedi e a with
Vaccination. Tws reterce.c o e lcieiall Acaured Pass Je

oaes asa a noturol imuundtu tron e aubodia

dlar's ilk, but a efe cts wear off at tec same ine. Ts
ratered to a Dahucellu Aquasd Paw Tauaet
o i l n e , sue a a cmme told, eatete se otten a t a
Vaccination carnnst La daelopad as a a t i g e ereated o i t langa

he saneantbodius wont wok on it gainThe a elu i e

o prwiou develo pac to produce He antibodie

for e astigen
wese lanser worSo a eccie naea ta be madu wkiek wilsthionuate

Preduetion onas memD cellh tor Ys es sran.