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Avrr:tdtr1 )1o),( Ka)"cov Telvdlv <to eqyootdouo>>, A0(vcr
20 Iovouoqi,ou-2O Angr,).tou 1996

O rirloq rnq 6Keeorlq .Everything that's interesting is new" (.N6o elvot Koeerl ev6toqepov,)
npo6pXerot on6 ro lrursms (1984) qq Jenny Holzer
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<E (,vo,u orrfio fiQCIry.roT t"yroTTlTo,

n OXL, ), r,*,1o,quevtu[oprevoE o rroQouorootrlg o'e pro oxn- H ouylcirveuo1 teXvrlrori xsr, fiQoyl.rorrxori 6yive 6vs on6 ro xuqr,oteqo
v( nou xuqio4 ngoxo),el rqv 6xr],q[q, oro ouvoQr[ootlx6 vtoxr.povr6q or,oOqtr,xo, 06poto qg Sexoeti,oE tou'80. H z).oorxr] povteqvuorlxrl ovo-
tqg Jennie Livingston yro roug qoQotE rorv tqo.Beor[," (drag balls) orrl Enqon t4E <ol.tl0euoE> xor rnE <ou0evtuxorqrog> cporv6to.v n)"6ov )"116-
N6o Y6gxq, pe tit).o Paris is Burning.'Evog ).entoxopr.<op6vog veog6E roQo or1po,vrn(rl, 6tq,v dtror {[eqov otr no].].o on6 ro nqoypota nou 6pou-
avtqo,g pe )"opneqrl 6xcpqo.oq bqooxetrl[eu t1v ruo.oo.q6]"o. pe pntre oxorigo o.[ov cptr,cyp6vo, cn6 Et].o ntov orlv fiQoypo,xlxdrr;to m].oorlxo xal 6tu 11

xootoripr, xo,t, gtlv6 loqtocpril,oxo and puvri),1o. <E[vq,u nqo.lpotr,xdq- 1),uxr,a xo,r, efunqqetr,xrl cprrrvl rqg rr1).ecp<rwr]rqr,oE ov1xe oe xopnr,otteg.
to!>>, cvo,cpcovel pe 0o.upoop6 to xor,vd, exotoor,oop6vo yr,o ro rucbg pluo O 6q6pog rrQoE rnv o)"r10elo cpo,r,v6tov te)"txo vo o8lyel oro V6po. Mro
$o,oi,).r,ooo, trov tqo,$eoti, (drag queen), drcog or, i6r,eg, percpoqcpcb0rye oe ngoqrloriplevq 1evr,d xa).).r,te1v<|v epnveoro.v snd rqv o,vo.((tr1or1 rqg
Lr[q, eq,vro,ou,t,fi euxovu ev6E o,veql6pevou ote].61oug enilelqqor1g. H ouoiag tou eq,utot Toug ).(oL tqE ouolog trlE t6Xvr1g, pr,6orr; tqg svoo'X6trt
6wor,o. rou <telvrlrori> rrl0fOrye o'ro ogr,oxo orlpe[,o 6nou 1 veoqrl tqoBe- oIE pe rt,E nqc0reg t),eg tqg (coyqocplxrlg xor rrlE .7).untr,xryg. Muo v6o yevu
otl 6ro,n6qooe tov xa0q6cptrl v,otfierct1x\y"e otr;v o.ru6vo,vtl n].euga. xo).).lte1v6v 66er,[e vo ev6rocp6qetou :reguoo6teqo yr,o rnv entcpovelo,
noqo ylo tqv ouo[o.. H cpoqpo.r,xo, touE ev6nvee neqloo6teqo on' 6,tr, to
flr,o npaypatu.(,o ctlto ro xtQoytror,r,6: Or, rpuXq6g, treux6g tropreE cpOoqu- pogpogo. To, x),rpotr,[6prvo, eploQrxo x6vtqo ps rqv rufioxlor,r1p6vl ptou-
opo{ nou 8ivouv oto.1}"unto tou Jeff Koons pe trg 1}.extqux6E oxotneg olxrl torig evsfiveov nequoo6tego cn6 ro yqocpuxo 1oqlo. Or, cpoQoo?{,opo-
pr,o q).extqovlx( otqo. To, extucp)"rrrtuxd Day-Glo lgibpoto nou xdvouv 6[eg tlg t1]"e6gao1g toug ev6nveo,v neqroo6reqo cn' d,rr 1 rfulovo]"uo1.
Pop toug ntvaxeg tou Peter Halley. To 6nou)"6vlo l.t,or, ro otqqlypo.to.
nou xdvouv to 1)"unto tou Ashley Bickerton vo rqoBo).).ovtq,t q,n6 tov Ks0<irg 1 povt6qvo oQxr,rs).(rovr,r.(fi etye yaou to outonlx6 TqE x[vsup.o,
roi1o. H uneqrovr,opl6vq cpuouzr'1 noqouo[o, no],],<bv qfi6 ro nuo xq,rvor6- on6 t1v xo,qn,r,vr.zt] e[ontrorq tcov <lo.qorjpevc0v> ouyxQot4portov 1qc-
po 6q1o t61vr1g trlg Sezoetlog tou '80 xuvrl0rye roqotr),1)"o tie xnv ul[ee- gelov xo,u tov xq,ro,0]"untlxrirv no]"uxo,torxrc(rv, to ]"efr,],6yro trlg plovt6g-
rrqoyprotr,x6tqto pield).ou p€goug rrlE or,xovoprxrlE,xoLtrtxilg xor xorvco- vo,g t61vr1g onopoxgrivOrlxe xsr out6 o:16 ro o.q1ux6 tou v6r1po,. Kq,),)"r,t6-
vr,xr]g r,otoq[og outt]g rqg exoyr\g: q exBqxr,rl,r1 ro,nrovuxr] ouxovopio,, to XvrE xsr, 6locpr1pu.or6g orxeronouotvto,v qqrrlr,x6g povteqvlorr,x6g ouv06-
opuvrlx6 nq6yqoprl.ro <fI6)"epog t<rlv Aorqcov>, ro ur[rQ-povt6qvo oer,g an)"drg o4 erx6veE, pe tov rq6no nou 0o feorjxowo,v erx6veg tqg
[6r,o
ouyxqotrlpoto ygorpef,<ov nou o5r]11oov xouE xorooxruoor6g toug or4 ),or,xrig xoul"torigo,g. O David Salle 8oveu(otov oroulelo, on6 6gya peyo-
Xqeoxonlo. H ruqoypottx6rlro xor q cpavtoolo 6no.uqvo.v oupd 1 pt[o trg ).rov povt6gvrov [royqocp<rlv dncog xor, o,n6 to epnoqr,x6 lttxE VE rqv i6r,o.
0fo1 tqg a),Lr1g. To te1v1t6 xq,L ro xlQsypotr.xd oull6ovrcv tdoo not, c6to.cpoq[,o. O Peter Halley owlxo,0totorioe ro impasto, nou Oro,rlgorioe
elte enq6xerto rTro tr1 peto,p6Qcpoon rou Michael Jackson, e[re ylo 11 Xer,- to oyltr,ypo rou xol"1.r,t61vn, ps rrE Qe{rrxeE yirplveg 8uaxooprloer,g o116
qoyrbylorl tr.,.ry nol.r,tr,xcbv ru)"1gocpoqubv, ei,te yr,o, rr,g tqe),6E ou!{oelg rrov Rolo-tex ftou XQTlor,tr.orrouorlvtqu otr,E ogocp6g trov 6ropo.rl,cov 1.ro16].. Tc
rr,p6v otqv oyoqd qg xrylja, rltov Orioxol"o vo ngooSr,ogioer xove[.g rr, XoQoxr1QLoxr,xo otollela tou xuBr,opou xo,r rou l,lovreqvr,opori nqoot€0q-
ftov ngo.1po.ttx6 xctt tu 61r. A),).rrrote, ro).).6g cpoQ6E 6ev eile orlpoolo. oro ordOepo tc'rv epr"noqr,xcbv xor, uotoglxrirv elx6vrrtv rr,g orroleg pno-
l.(o,v
Ou qqcpog6qoL ro,r or xcrto,vo)"rot6g rlro,v ouvr]Oog efioou euloqlotrlpl6vor qotoe xcvelE vo orxsrofioLrl0e[, vs ngoooqp6oer xo.r vo o.vtlno.qo06oet
ps ro vo extroppovouv ro cpovro.or,1.(6 rrlg nqoypotr,x6. otrl otllqovq t61v1.
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To ocplgrlp6vo oqXr.oe vo, o.vrrprrox[i[etor r.og riogoototr.x6. H qcplQ"n- H g,r1 1qo.prpr,zr1 ovt[],r1!I rIE rreoytr.orrx6tltog 61el en[or1g enlqeootel
p6vr1 erxovoyqocpi.o tou Arp (
rou Kandinsky €ylve otpfiotro ruupdoto- on6 tr1 v€o cr[oOrlor] tou X<itgou nou l3r,cbvoupe pl6ocu tlg o06vqE tou q].e-
orlg fiou exnqootonotoe to provr6qvo {cpog. H noqoototuxrl srxovoyQo.- ztgovr,zori uno)"oyrot(. Eenegvrbvrog rrl povooIp0uoxrl nqoonrunrl
cpio, 6nrog ro €vorovrov6 o,ru6 torvleg n ol cprrltoyQocp[eg on6 r[oQvoyQo- nqolpo,tuxdtrlTo roJv ouppotrxc(rv gcorolgocplc(rv xou tq q6ouoo ocprlyl-
cpr,xd neqlo6lr,d, oqlr,oe vo. ovrLLmrofilletor, org caoi,qeol. Kotooxetrd,- pLotlx6rrlro. t1g tql"eogaolE xor, Tou xr,vqpotoyqo.cpou, 11 efor,xerco;r6vr1
or1xr nou 8uootouqco-
puo o.vrr,otor,1[o. acpor,qetuxori r,oL r[GQooro,Tr,zot pE rouE uno),oyuot6g yevro. 6Xeu orvq0[,oer, orqv no],uorqco;rotrxrl nqor7-
v6to.v petq ourTXdveuol telvqtori xoL fiQoylro,xrxori. O 6un1"6g out6g potr,xdtqto. Tou Internet. H tr-uo elx6vo, 6r,r),c0vetor, nd,vro otlv o,),),q,
ofovo.g 6nou ro oxqo ovtc)"),sooouv 06oerg xcu eno.v6qXovtor, 61r,ve 1 ouv8ucrfovtoE taur6xeovo orutrx6g rutr4gocpoqi,eg xoraygopp6veE oe
XoQoxrnQrorrzn 6opn tqE o,roOqtuz(g 6r.otrextuxr1g tlg Oeroetlcg tou '80. 8uocpoqetuz6 t6no xol Xq6vo xou avo,cpeq6pr"eveg oe ntrn0oE 0epdrov.
Aut6 to v6o ei6og ntrqqocpoqurori lrilqou onotsl.el locog pro crnd tlE
H otvtlfq reXvqtot p.e nqo.lputlxo
ocprlgr;pr6vou ps fioQooror,v"o v,ctL ono.vr,eg rreqrrtcOoelE enrv6lo1g ev6g nqolpotr,xo. v6ou p"ovr6),ou cr,oOq-
unrlgXe oe 6trs to e[6q r€y"rqS, un6 rq 1],uirrr,xrl p6Xqr, tqv enefegloopr6- tuzrlg tou [drqou nou o0ei touE zotr]'ur61vrE te].r,xo., oXe56v 6]"o
-xor,
vI goroyQocp[a. Ou 1],unto[ vuntrlqeg tou Robert Gober e[vo.r, telvrlto[, tov xoopo- vo. xo.ro.oxrua(ouv xo.u vo o.vrr,),opl3avovro.r tov x6opo
yrotf 6ev e[,vo.u nqolpo.tuzoi vlnr{qeE, o}"}"d errlpe}.<.irE guaySxtveg eru6- roug 6r,agoqetr,xo,.
veg vurtrlgrr:v. floqop6vouv 6poE nqoypatuxo c,vtlxe[pevc, cpoqtloprl-
vo.U.s fieo.ypr.o.tlxd or.rvor,o0rlpoto. E[,vo,r, rucrqcrotorrxo
.1r,ot[ eivor cvo.- H en6qo.or1 tou Xrirqou tqE *)"qgocpoquxrlg otorg xo1"trtt61veg 6ev eivo,u
yvcoq[orpo cog vlntlqeg, a]"].o, rqr ocplqqp6vcx ].6yr.o tou eni,povou oup- t6oo or1po,vtlrrl oe en[ne6o onrrxor] ].elr]"o1[ou 6oo otq 56pqor1 evog
l3o).lopori roug. Ol nivoxeE tou David Salle xotayqocpouv 6r,o.lqo.ppotr,- tq6nou torj vq. B)"6neuE. E6rb xsr, trruo 8excet[o r] xor, neqr,oo6teqo, or,
xd o),6x)"qq1 t1 Sto6rxoolo strtrntreni6qoo1g petafri aq1qr1p6vou, xo),),tt61veg cptt,dXvouv ouotrlproto 6qoolg nou €1ouv vo xo,vouv pe
fi oQo,orcr rlro{, telvqto{ r fi Qoypqr lxot. fI qo1 pat lzd, nvt rxe l,pevo
xo nol"uo.gr,0peg ovtr,noqo.06oe lE 1q6vou, 1c(rqou zcru n).cxuoiou. E,lvcrr,
oitrog roq6zl.eE, tqoir6[r,cr xor, cprlvoi ru[vo,x,eg on6 xogvr(dbuzo (eu1cr- ouvoQJroorrx6 vo B1,6ner, xavei,g ncbg peguxoI xcr]"]"utriXveg nqoxot6]"o-
q6vouv pe erxoveg nqoyporr,ztirv ovtlxerpr6vc'lv. Te),o,qo o,rc6 xox6you- po.v tov q).extqovr,x6 Xdrqo ru).1gocpoql6v ruguv ox6p1 ruqo1pr.ottoOeI
otu ucpool,roto oe otu)" Sexo.etiog tou '50 o.vtlno.qot[0evroL lrc ouOo[ge- ru),qqog on6 rr1 v6o, telvo),o1[c. H Sr,trotqropcrtrriol xor, 1 o,vtrnoqoOeorl
teg cno8ooer,g 6qy<ov r,otoqr,xqg (royqocpuxrlg. Eivou ovcbpe)"o vo nqo- ota 6qyc tcov John Baldessari, Barbara Kruger,
xerp6virrv xo,i erx6vcrtv
ono0t]oer xove[E vu nqooSuoqioer, noro tpt{paro rou 6q1ou elvor. ocpqqq- Richard Prince, David Salle xo,r, d),).cov nqoo,vrlyyer")"ov 6vo. v6o rq6no
p6vo., no.qoototr,xo, a),r10r,vd r1 rpettr,xo, luorI to tdvto pnoporiv vo 06oo119 notr ouv6uofe dver,go, 1.r,vrlpsq, o.vtuxe[prevo., ouvauoOrlparcr zcrr
ylvouv otlSrlnote. To 6qyo tou Salle excpqd[ouv 6vo. orillqovo tg6no 6,tr, o),)"o unero6gleror oro cpo.vrq.orr,,to oit^tLy,o ne6[o yto vo. o.neLxovi,-
ovt[],qrpr1g, 6vov tq6no 06oo119 tou xoopou fiou svoopro.T6ver, currl rrl o0r, pro no),uotqropotuxrl nqo.yparlxotlto. Ou xotrtrr,t6Xveg ouro[ ngol-
oriwrllq. y(O1xcrv tqE enefeplooi,oE rtllv onuxrirv 6e6op6vr.ov pe uno).oyr,otr1
6ttoE oqr,opl6vor, (orlqocpor, trov oqXcbv tou 19ou or.c0vo ngor1yr1Oryov
Ta KwrlparcypaEma onypt6tuna tqg Cindy Sherman svro.ooovtsr, xo.r, tqg cpcotoyqo,cp[aE.
outs oto ru)"aioro trr:v no),)"on),trrv eqplverr.bv. H 6ou),er,o tqE fexr,vder,
on6 t1v reyvqrfi nqorTpcrtux6tqro rou Hollywood, o),}"d out6E or 1{,r,vrl- H otvtrl!1 ocplgrlpl6vou, J[creoororr,xori, telvrltori xor nqo,lpcrtr,xori
potolqocpuz6E tpo.vro.or,c(roelg riylvo.v 4 xatelolrlv nqolpatux6tlta rTro onote),el ouv61er,o.pruog on6 rug ezcpo.voeug rou povreQv[opou lrs rrl
exotopptqla v6eg yrvo.[,xeg, nou e[1o,v yr,o, nq6tuno lcqoztlqeg torv preyol"fteqq enqgo(, neqvcilvto.g sno to 1<irqo tqg rlqeuvog zo,r, t1g Oeco-
torvuirv xor 613)"ennv tov x6opo rouE oo.v nqo6xrool t1g un60eoqE tou g[aE oto Xtrtgo t1g xo0qtrreqr,vrlg Erorlg. Autn 1 [6r,o <tetqc8Qoprl" ouo-
6qyou. Or Xcqo,xrlqeE nou onelxovi[el 4 Sherman 6gyo rqg XQnor- oto otrrptdtcool unryqXe n6n ots readymades tou Marcel Duchamp, otr,g
I

ponolcbvtog xoorotpr,o xo,r, negotxeg elvo.u tout6Xqovo, nqo,ypo,tlxo[, ouTorlQoocrJr[olgocpleg tou vtup6vou coE yuvoixo, xq,r, oe no]"],a s]"]"o. 1
xo.r eo.vro,o'rrxo[. llvovtqr acpqgqp6vo. o{ppotro or,E cpovrooLc0oer,g xo.r, Seiypoto, tqE 6or-r)"elng tou. Mru u)")"1 ex8oXrl tr;E ouoorrtporroorlg outrlg
I

toug ecpdtrreg nou evSeXop.6vrr;g xo.to.x)"ri(ouv ro ouver,Sqt6 pnoE v6cg unogXel ottg o1trro.ieg rou Jasper Johns. )tq Sozoetlo tou '80 to (r1tr'1po,-
1uvo,[,xo.g. tq. surd. eiXov leneqoosr filo ro 1<.ilgo t1g rtyvqgxu atrtrolov tov tq6- I

rro fiou ovtr,),o.pl3crvovrov or, dvOqornor, t1v xo.0r1peqr,v( ep,ner,pla. H

H xorooxeuq,opL6vq iprrrtoygocpio eivor, xoOeourrl 6vo Xcqo.xtqqlorr,xo xo),1"rte1vr,xr1 6pnveuol 6ev rltqv n).6ov to oxe:.;.:l{a neqr,oquop6vo qr,}"o-
iroqaSer,ypo tou ntbE to teXvrlt6 xor ro fieoypo,tux6 61ouv ouv8uo.otel oocpr,x6 egrbtlpLo. negl rqE cpioqg tou readymade, o],],d 1 tqopo.xtuxo
oe pro, v6o, l.(q,L fir,o regintroxq exSolrl rlg rreoypor,x6rltog. H cporo- nqolpotrxrl x,o.L ovorQrxrq, ot"Na rcyv1tr1 elx6vo x L:y Et ant D onn 6s r,ott
lgcrgi,o rltov p€1qu nq6ogatn 6vo, yevr,xd. qro6exto nelotr;glo ou0evtr,- Duchamp.
xofll"ccta. ,4:16 tqv xotoyqocp( tou o)"61ou nou tg61er. pe to tdooeqo
n66la otov o6ga, on6 tov Eadweard Muybridge 6rog ttg cpcotolqucpleg (rou'80> Xuqcxtqql(ovtuv ouvrl0coE pmtcpovteqvuot6g,
Or, zo,),)"r,t61veE
yupv<irv Duo.or1potrlturv o.n6 rouE paparazzi rprr;roypdrpoug, ururlpXe r1 fiou XenoLpono[1oov pe xuvlxd TQ6fio LoroQr,xo xa],],r,teXvul.to, otui,".
alo0qoq 6ti, ecp6oov grotoyqocprl0qy,t y,crrL, ouv€Bq ot' o)"r1Oer.o. Ilol"ri Muq, nto evbr,o.cp6qouoo eqplvela eivsr 6tl oL Salle, Sherman, Meyer
orivropo, o zd0e fprlBoE nou 6r,o06ter. r1),extgovr,x6 uno).o1r,otr; 0s ovtr,- Vaisman xar, cr)").or, x,o.r.vot6por. otyxeovor xo).),r,t61veg uvo.l3[covo.v otlv
l,opBcrvetor rrE cp<rlroyQoe[eg org ouv06osrE fiou lrr[oQouv vo unootor]v nqo.lpotr,x,6tnro pro orlpLo.vtr,xrj to,o1 tou pr"ovtegvuopori nou e[,1e ev
o),)"oy6g xou enepBooeug. AvtL yuo lexdOogcr nelot1qro tr"uog ruoqroXqp6- pr6qer onoor,conrl0e[ on6 rqv on],o'r,xry xqr,tr,xrl no],],rrtv 6eroetr,c0v. Enq6-

v1g ovr,xsLpovrxqg ngo,lpcrtr,x6rqtoE, or, eoroyeo.eLtg xu or noq6por,- xtrro yr,o. trlv n),eupo. TIE povr6Qvog t€yvr1g nou crqeox6to.v otq. 6lrc),d
ag xotooxeurlE ?(rvoupsveE rfrlpLox6g er,x,oveg 0o y[vouv or euxo],dreqo. p"lvtipo.to xaL TLa avtlro,qcr06oeLE T€Xvrlxou r1,o,r fieo.ypo.Tr%ot. 'Hrov o
ovtr,),qnt6g o.vano.go.oto.osrg rrlg ourllcirveuoqg telvrlrori xo,r, l3r,ropotr,- plovtegvuopt6g tou xol"o(tou Picasso pe tqv rferitlNl \po0o qg xo.q6x)"o.E
xot, nou 0o opi,(er r1v fieo.yporLx6trlto tor.r p61.1,ovtoE. xor, to y),unt6 notrlqr pr ro ov6vrr xor, to cr1,q0rv6 xoutcr),oxr,. 'Htov o

12
UovreQv[op6E Tou vTo.vT0. [orLxot eoTopovTo.E xoL rcrJv ooues0]"roTt xcbv flqlv eLxoot, 1q6vr,cr, plro. t6tolo. un60eo1 0o (tav xct.(,s ltctoct nu0av6tr;to
noeoorco€cov (performances). 'Hto.v o povroQvrop6E nou upworioe to To 6prpeoo, oq0o)"oyr,otr,xd, otor,lelo. 0o e[.Xov ne[,oer, toug rreQroo6-
a:r)"r1.
iroqo)"o.1o. rceolJE nopctqqqt6g yro r1v evol1 tou Simpson. )"4peqo o r,o1uqr,op6E
tqE uneqd,onlorlg, 6tr, 1 ootuvopLlo 6or1oe plo, rfeltlxq oer,qo. lrer,otlg[,rrtv
To ruo.qd"oyo eno.vepgo.viotlxe yLo. vo. epr,rvetoer peycr).o LL6eoq tIE rrr,o yro vq. evoXonolloel rov xo.TnyoQouprevo, 1[veto.u nuoreltoE qnd ruo]"ri
ev6r.ocp6qouooE r|yvlq rrlE nequopr6vlE 6exo0r[oE. H eftovoqoQd rorl x6opro. flo).l.oi, cv0gcunor, 0eotqoriv 6tu eivor, 6uvat6v or oruo6eiler,g vo
ro.qol"6you lex[vqoe pe tov o.n6r11o t1E vootgorulo.E <cptuole to 6r.x6 oou e ivar reXvlt6g xat oXL ngo11,rotr,x6g.

rugclpcu (do your own thing) nou nq6oBeue 1 o.vtuzoul"toriqo, tou t6)"oug
tqE 6exoer[,o.9 tor.r '60. Or, neqroo6teeo[ ofi6 toug pu,vrpo]"uor6g y,oL rouE
evvor,o)"oylxorig xa)").r,t6Xveg e[1ov 6citoer. 6pcpaol orr,g ouotr;q6E oqOo].o-
ytortxtg 6op6g tqE ox6rfr;g. Enlqeoopt6vor, o.ru6 ro c.vor,1t6 nveripo. t1g
o.vti,).ry.i.rr19 t1g avtlxou)"toriqog, xa),),r.t6Xveg 6ncog or Vito Acconci, <<K0,t{t) CI,fio ro rQ0,-
Bruce Nauman xot, o.qy6teqo, or, Laurie Anderson xor Jonathan Borofsky
oqlroov vo. efeqeuvofv tlv no.qo.).oy4 n).euqd
yr"c oq0o),oyr,otr,xq. ontr,xd ouotr;po.to. 11
tol eworo).oyuopori. Avr[,
r61vr1 touE otgdcprpe fiQoE rnv
ntlu /
ufiCI,QXtL 6ucx-
e[orteglxl ntretrqo trlg ouvei6r1olE, Sr,egeuvcitvtoE ro 6vsLQo,, rLg cpovrc- OTQOQTI, xoooqrl ).rpnr,vro xo' cptol>, 51).rbver, r poQro-
ot"tboelg z"o.r rrg:ro,genx)"[oer,g on6 t1 ],oyr,xr1 oupneqrcpoqd. v6to.-f3o.tqcr1oS av1 Heidi trov Paul McCarthy xor Mike Kelley. <flovto
ono to tqor6(r. urudqXouv cptqvd 0eorglxct xolara, ox'\yLy,(:t. Hot, 1p6tro.ro>.
H metuX4p6vl oullcbveuoq Pop, Minimal xo.l Conceptual Art, nou oq1r,- H xdp.eqo otq6ipero.r, ^toEa y,aroc qru6 ro teoir6t,u xor qnoxq.)"rifiTa, Tov
zo. gur,v6to.v vo. e(qyel tqv r,otogurrl :rqo6),euo1 Tov <x[Qooopor,coxrrc(tv>> lerquotrl totr xoux)"o06o.rQou [r€ to novte]"ovt xo,teBcrop6vo xo.rro o.no to,
(simulationists) xo.)").r,te1vrbv, elle o.cprjoer, on' 6lco xdtl or;po.vtr,x6 t4v y6vo.to,. H r6Xvq xolto(er, 6).o xar, nlo ou1vd, xar,@ sfio to tgon6(r,. Il[oco
x)"qqovo1,rrd trlg performance art xo.t, rou ovoq0o),oyLxot evvor,o),oyu-
-
an6 to povr6)"o ufi0e-rrQoypq.rLt{o1rlxo6 xqtBowo.r. ro po0td ouvo.r,o01po.-
opot rrlg Sexoer[crE rol "]0. H 6pcpool orlv fiQoocDfir,xr'1 rotogio. zor, Ts 11ol oL evtuncop6veg elx6veg trov nq,uEr,ztbv l3r,copotrov. Auto nou no.qo-
orrlv o,vo,xo,)"lpq rou eo,utori pcE erur1q6ooe l3o,Or,d no)")"ouE ofi6 rouE pdveu evturcoolqx6 orq 6q1o xo).)"r,reXvc0v 6rotg or. Robert Gober, Jefl
xo)"),r,t61veg nou p6oo otrlv 0fi6prov1 6exq.et[o.. H om6- Koons xo.r, Cindy Sherman 6ev eivo,r" ro. efireovoloxd. o.note],6opo.to 11 ro
"evr1l"r,zlcb0r1xav,
ruelqo ouyXc0vsuo1E ro)v rqottoyevcitv 6opc0v trlg yecopretqlog tr€ rrg fieco- xqiorpo [rprlpatc 1 ouvo.r,o0qpo,tr,Nfi aw\yj-
Trou xreo,yporrriovro.r: el,vol
tolevei,g 6op6g tcov oveiqcov xq,r rrlE pvlip1E 60eoe tq, 0ep6).io yro r1v o4. )to. t6),q t1g 6exoer[o.g toll '80 q xqr,rixrl nor-r eo-rrd,otlxe otr;v anr,cpd-
neqalt€qco ouoocoprotcool crglqqpfvou 1(o,r x[q.Qq.oroTr,xot Jrou o.xo]"ou- voro 1,Lol, 61r, orrlv ouols q.vtrotor,lorioe otlv enlx,qo.torioo. o,uo0rytr,xry qg
0qoe xatd rI 6ox0,sr[0 tou '80. :rqooopro[r.oo1g, o]"]"u ncq6p],ene ro fiQootlrrlty,6 nequeX6pevo nou ri8rve
oto 6q1o no).)"1 on6 11 Srivcrprl tou. Eivol ouvo.Bno,otrx6 a)")"d xou ouvo.-
H o.loOqo1 tou nopo).6you 6ev p6vo tov x6opo trlg
61er. Sucneqcroeu po elqrovlx6 to yeyov6g 6tr,, oe puo. enolrl nou 0er.oqeltor, 6rr, ot. 6opr6g t1g
t6XvqE to te),euro.ia 66xc 1q6vto,. H 0eopi,o tou Xuoug 61el eloqer, tr1 or,xoy6vercrg xo.ro.qq6ouv, or, xo.),)"ut6Xveg otq6cpovtor, otqv or,xor16vero, xtrr
qo.wao[o. tou xooprou, unootrlqllovrog 6u ro ldoE pnoqei, ts].Lxq. vo. oto Br,cbpcto r1E ro16r,x(g roug q),r,z[og yro, vo. pqouv xo].].r,tq1mr1
e[,vcr, q cpuorx1 tcr[q ngoyporcov. floqouotoornxo q ove[r1yqt.r1 pootr,yo 6pirveuoq. To zo)"tteqc 6917o t61vr1g qg neqoop6vlg 6exo,etio.g dqlr,oov
tou AIDS. O cpo.votr,op6g ')1or I rqopoxqo.tio 61ouv epunobi,ost, rI (v6o. o.n6 ro oiriru.
:royx6opro. tdlq> nou o.vo.pevoto.v pe el"ni6o, coE onot6l"eopo, rou rrQ-
protr,ol.torj tou VuXqof flo),6pou. Kqoriopuro 5uo).er,touqylx(g or-rprnegl- Ol xcr).)"r,t61veE l3qrlxov puo cpuorxrl oX6oq ovdpeoo otrl ouylrirvsuol roxvl-
tpoqog ovo.cp6eovro,L 6r.oqxiitg otoug lcitgoug eqyoolog xcu to, oXo].eio tot xo.r, iro,qo)"o1ou rou o{.11qovou x6optou r,or rcov <Oo,upootriv xB6-
ax6p1 xo.r oto. o.vciltoto. xul3eBvqtuxo. enine6o..
-
vrov> (wonder years) rrlE ncr,6ur,rlg r1),lxiag. H enr,otqoqry oto poyr.x6
O ouoxeuoopr6vog nogo6et,ooE Ttllv no.yx6op"r,<ov nqo'r6vt<rtv xor ro, z6opro rou no,r6rot pon0nos toug ro)"),ur6xveE vo ovtlper<onloouv tr1
6[x,tus oyoqcov o.no to ofi[rr bsv pu:roqoriv ;[rq. vo. ouyxQo.r1oouv tqv nie- oulvo telvqtrj noqd)"oyl fiQoypoxtl(6tqto tcov puopctrov tryg ev4),1-
xo,u
on fiou fe1er,l"(fer on6 xo.rco JIQoE ro, nsvco. To (rito ennvo.orcfiet xara xnE EtorlE. H ovo,no,qdorool rorv Er,x6vrrtv tqg nutSr,xrlg r1).r,2[,og 6yr,ve
tou teXvltori, 6lpuouqyc0vtog ocp6qqteE nr,6oeug orlv or1.(,oy0v€r,o.xr1 6oprl p6qog qg xa)")lteyvmrlq 5lo.6lxoo[og ovo,xoto.oxeurlg tou ecutorl touE. H
%o.r t1v nqoororulzrl TolJT6TIro' o)"),o zo0cbg 4 nqoocontx( l6ro.r,reg6tqto. po.llxT] evo),),o[rpLdrr;ro pretolri ov0qcbntrrv, (cOcov xor xlvoiiptevo.rv o1e-
nviyeto.r, on6 tr,g opoyovoxrorqrux6E Suvoper,g rqg or,xovoplo.E nou y[ve- 6[rov uno.q1er, orq 6ou].er.d. oquop6vtov on6 rouE ool3uq6teqoug zq.]"]"ut6-
to.u no,yx6oprr,o, rout6Xqovo 661etal eqe0[oporo,. H ex v6ou eirr,pepa[toorl Xveg rqg nego.op6vlE 6ezo.et[o.9. Ilo.qoyeprropfvo. (rooxr,o., lu],oy]"urto.
xo,r, Tl 0.v0.x0.Iooxeur1 TIE rrQootllfirxrlg toutorltoE yLo Trlv cvtr,pretcbrurorl louqouvo,xuo. xo.r, o.11,e1"d,xto, e[,vo.u nqouxuop6vo pe to i6lo e[,6og o,g16yov1g
rIE rrQooopouop6vlg xoul.totqoE crnote)"ei 6vo. o.n6 to, n)"6ov cp1"6.7ovto etxovtxrlE 6{vo.pL1g t1v ono[,o, pu,n nqolyoripevl yevld, xo,]"].r,te1vtbv en6v-
(1tT]poto. 16oo otqv xorv<lvlq.6oo xou otqv tfXvq. Oue otrg
pr,vr,po)"uotr.x6g yerrlprerqr,x6g A6Aprg. H rl.rulo)"oyuz( ovtrl11orl
tcov 6qycov trutcbv e),eu0eqcbver, 6va Xelpoqqo ouvo.r,o0rlprdtrov notr e[,1ov
To telvqr6 xo.r, ro noqa)"o1o ouyx),[,vouv or1v xano"oxeufirlE ofyXgovqg 6rcrtr1q40e[ cn6 ra nolbrxd 1q6vr,a.
nqoypo.tr,x6tqto,g. H ovt[,].qpn rou zorvot rrepi nqoypcrtr,z6t4tog eivor,
no).ri ),r.y6reqo yqoprpr,xrl xor. fexa0o.qrl ofi' 6,rr, elxoou 1q6vro, nglv. Or zex),lp6veE xorivueE, ts d.6er,o. nou6r,xs xgel3d.tr,a xo.r ot, fio,eoroO1tlzol
flqo.ypo.to. ylo to onois unrlqXov euq6rog nugcSext6g e!1yr'1oelE ufi6xsr- vmrlgeg rou xa).l"lte1vr,xori xoopou tou Robert Gober nqofqlovtql qru6
vtor, n).6ov oe no1")"on).6g eqpqve[,eg. H 6[xq tou O.J. Simpson, fiou U.ovo- pvqp€E tot no.rglxori orcltlorl. @upi,[ouv to eoiotegr,x6 tcov yeqo.op€vrov
irco)"e[ tr,E er,6r]oelg tqv cbqc nou yqdcperou to xe[pevo our6, ofior€].el on u'r r<irv or LE fi oelxpoop6ve g g,11o.vr,x6g ir6),e r,g rou Connecticut,
B r,o
noqo6eulpo rou ncbE 6Xel o.)")"d.fer 4 avt[]"qrfi rqE fiQoyporr,x6rr1ro.g. 6nou pe1o.).<rros o Gober. Or, 6vtoveg rar,6rx6g ovo.prvrloeuE peto.tg6no-

13
vror, oro, 691o outo oe ovtuxe[pevcr yuqvdlvtog toug evrl],tlteg r[ool
otrE en[poveg ouvor,oOlptarw€g enr.Oupleg tIE ve6trltsg toug. O
Gober lez[vqos x1v ovorrogdotool outo{ tou otoulelcop6vou x6optou
preto r1l,unto tou nouxtr6onrtcr. flol")"6g on6 trg Nanonwtq etxoveg
rou beilvouv vc npo6qXovtol o,n6 ta ptovo.1r,xo. 8topdtto exelvrov tcov
ouvar,o0qparuxo goqtlop6vov 1.(orooxturbv. O ngoton6qoE zo),).1t6-
Xvqg proqei, vo noeL oruirr, tou fcrvo.
O Jeff Koons 61er, 6r1pr.ouqyrloer, 6vov ol"6xlqqo sr.o0rltr,x6 z6opto cn6
er.x6veE r[ou ovro.vol.rtrotv ntn6r,x6g epneuq[eg. IIo]'],6E on6 out6g
fexuvorlv on6 tug pvrlptE tou zotootrlporog ltt e[51 eoorteqlxrlE 6to-
x6ourlolg nou bro,tqgorioe o not6goE rou orn puxgrl ru61.r1 York tqE
Pennsylvania. H 6ou).elo ouv66stor oxopa pre orutr,x6E pvnpsg ond to
xotaotr]prorc orxrqxcirv sr,6cbv xcr tlE exO6oer,g autozr,vritc,rv tnE
nou o Koons 69eqe on6 t1v notbr,x1
n6).r1g. Or, l3o0u6g or-rt6g pvrlpeg
tou 1},ux[o 6Xouv uruoote[, ocptrlqeoq xot ovo?{oro.ozeurl. Ot 6eloptev6E
rooqqonlog nou ol xlerot6E oe 6locpo.vrl zul3t(ltr.o rllextqlx6S axouneg
ouXvo. rio.qegplveritrlzov oo.v onou66g rudvcr-lotov Duchamp, ofioyu-
pvrotrr6veg sn6 ouvoioOnpq. )tnv nqolpotux6tnxo, ro 6qyo outd
el,vou xo.to.cpogto cn6 ro ouvoloOqpo.. H q],extqrxfi axoixa 61eu l3o0!-
TorolJE orvelqpotE lre r1v erN6vo. tqE plt6qog lr,ot xI yuvo.r,xeio
oefouotrr,x6t1tc. H prdl"a tou pnd.oxet slvou 6vo otp1Qlp6vo otippo-
)"o t1E cpeguxcrvr,xrlE toutdultqE, 6norE uot to 6q1o Flag (2r1pa(,a) rou
Jasper Johns. Ks0rig enin).6ei otrl 6eloprev( looqqon[,og, poto[eu ple
6ppquo nou cuorqeltou otq pr]tqo. Kctotrr11er, pr,o o)")"r1yoquxrl olto-
rleoocDfi oyQocpio tou zo).)"tt61vr1.
Me tqv xstoluorl rou xol tq 8r,dBqcooq trlg q0lxrlg eiru-
%olrl-rouvropori
toyrlg xorrrr ono to 6lpoxqo,tr,x6 zanitollopr6, to pe^7o,l,o povTsQvt-
otuxu ototrllt"oto ofr,6v 6ev pruoqorioov n),6ov vo nog6louv otoug
xa),).rt6Xveg 6vcr yevux6 n)"c[ouo nenouO1oeorv. fr,o, toug xo].].ut6Xveg
(o,),).d, xou yr,o rouE neqloo6teqoug ov0qoinor.rg) 61r,ve o,vcXqovlotuztl
1 tcrttlorl pre to nvetpn rou ouroJrtl{ori povteqvr,oporl xor dqltocv vo
ovofqroriv fiLo rreooofiix6g 6op6g tout6tqto.g. Ou roqoSoouox6g
6vvoreE rrlE tout6trltog, 6noE 11 e0vrz6tlto, "4 cplJtrti xot q Ogloxe[o,,
61uvov r,or ad),r, en[xorgeE, xo.Otilg 11 t6Xvl petotq6netoi 6tro xot
neqr,oooteqo oe ne6lo ovo,8dprloqg tlg tsrLt6tntsE.
H tout6tlto e[vor, acpr1qr1p6v1 xo.r poOr.u xqupp6vq oto 6qyo tou Jeff
Koons, o.)"),s oe peqr,xoriE cmo toug xo)"fteqoug xa)")"tt61veE tqg ve6-
teqrlE yevr,crg l3pioxero,r, no),ri nro xovtd otqv entcpdver,cr. H 6oprl t"4g
rty"yrlg xo,r, q 5oprl t4g tout6rltoE 6xouv 6tsn)'oxei,. O Matthew
Barney elegeuvo t"4 6oprl tou esutot ots n)"q.[or,q, ev6g nq<.ot6tpovtou
ouv8uo.opori noqtr6oor,crxrlg oqoevr,xrlg po0o),oyicrE xcru nqoco0rlptfvrlE
l3rotelvotroyLog. Avbqr,zo xor, .Tuvouxeio oqX6tutcr 6t.ooX[(ouv 6vo
X6qo nou elvor ev p6qer voooxopelo xou ev p6qel cr0].qttz6 otd6lo.
Or, q6tror, torv 6rio cpf)"orv ovotg6novtcr, xo0r.Og o.v6qeg zot. yuvo[xeg
peto,l"l.dooovtor o 6vog otov o)").o ox6po xol oe (cbc. Ot prl0ol trlg
r1
oqoevux6trltog xor, rrlE 0r1)"ux6tqto,E petotq6novtor, oe nqoor,o0rlpoto
ev6E ovooleSr,oopt6vou pr6l.trovtog.
To, 6velqcr ncrqouorofovtoL ocpo[Qer[xd pe tq poqcprl ev6E ouvelcbg
Sreuquv6pLevou ovtuxelp6vou oro Slumber tqg Janine Antoni
- 6vcr
porTeutlx6 6gyo nou ouvbud.(er, performance pe .7)"untlxrl xcr, uQ1}"t1
telvo),o.1io p0 XerQorexv[q,. H xq]"],ut61vr,g xorprdtor ot pro tvruxtco-
otaxfiNanaoxeurg nou elvor ev p6qel xqel3cttL ?(or, 0v pL6qer, aqyo]"er,6g
evcb 6vcrg eyregoloyqacpoE )roxoyQdcpeu tlg xr,vloerg t<rlv po.ttcOv
'14
tr1g. 'Orov Eurvoel, negvoer, trlv r;pt6.qc tqg ttgoivovtoE U0 TCr vrlp,otc
tou vultr,xori rrlg pr,c rl.rl)"r1 xou$6gto,, oxo).ou0c0vroE rG or15to tcov
elxecpal"rNcbv xutrrcrtrr;v rIE. H 6)"q otv0eorl 1[vetor, prtc ptqla.vt1
uutolvr-rroiog ruou 6iver, poQ(pn oTtlv ufioouvei,8rltq ot6rpq xoL to
l
or,rvo.r,o0rlpoto.
Mr,o Sr,upoqerr,xr] ru),euqo t1g tout6tltog elupveltot aro Amazing
Grace ro:u Nari Ward, pno ovruxlcoor,crxl ou)"),oyt1 sno 300 neq[nou
netopr6vo nalSlxs xoqotooxr,o, ouv8eSepldvo pretolu rouE ps ncr)"uorig
nugool3eotrxoriE orotrrlveE. O xcr),1,rt6xvqg nogouolooe to 6qyo pe plo
ouyxrvqtrzl ).eutoup.1[o gospel, l3olovtcrg ot1 ouv61euo. tov leq6o vo
oSqyrloel to exxl.qoLoopo pr6oo qn6 to 6qyo ur6 toug (1oug tou
Amazing Grace ;rlq Mahalia Jackson. Alyo nqdlpntcr tgoNo,].oriv
t6or1 o[o01or1 6oq 6vo netopr6vo xoQoroolt, r, nou xoul3c].oer pu.o otro-
z)"lql Eon pe tr,g Xoq6E v,aL^ELE tqo,yco8leg rr1g. )to Xog].ep, rq. %q.Qo-
too.xr,s 6ev elvor, ouvbe6ep6vcx p6vo pe tug 1,lopo6eg xo.r to. pcoqd toug
o)"?,,d xuu Ue rouE doreyoug, Jrou ro pLo[e{ouv }tuL "EU lqlotponolotiv
yro, vo peto,cpfqouv to unoqxovtd toug. O x,o,)")"r,t61vqg dpttole 6va
enr,x6 noqrq6ro rou x{x},ou rnE econE, pretopoqcpcirvovto,E rivo naqa-
netupr6vo ovtuxelpevo oe porpro Ogrloxeutuxryg )"{tq<oo1g. To egeO[opo-
ro yLo r1v evoo16)"r1oq pet4 0qrloxelo xol t1v ettqqpcrtlxrl 1qqor1 tou
ovoxuzl,cotrr6vou utrlxou o Ward ts svttre[ aruo tqv t(opr"o.'txo,vlxrl tou
xotay<.,:1q. H Soul"eus tou eivq.u ncrqd6euypto rou nc(lg xo)")"r,t61veg
neg l0r.og lono r,1p6vcov lroqrbv 6 lvor-rv v6o. ev6qyelo. otlv t61vr1.
Ko.tor on6 ta otgcilpcrtcr tou telvqtoti otq oriyXqovn Lrort, utoqlet
ooqxo xor, oi1,lo. Or, cpr.loriqeg trlg Kiki Smith 6ev e[vol uneq-nqo,ypa-
tux€g eivo.r nqoyprcrtlt6E. Otcv nl"r1ycoOouv, o.r,poqqcrtTo{v. )e avr[-
-
69oo4 xoro. rrlg rrQooopouropfvqg nqc.Tptotr,xdtnrog, rrou noqcryouv
e8c(r xar, xoug6 ou xo)")"r,t61veE, n Smith cptuo,lveu qlyotqeg fio'u pq,Qru-
Qolv ro ouvouoO1po,ta1.a \ c\L ocol.rotr,zo cpogt[o t1g cr]"q0uvr1E LrDnS. O
n6vog 5ev oro,protoeu orcv o)")"o,[elE xovdtrr, orqv t4],e6qoor1. H Smith
pno.[ver f3o0r,o oto onltl pe rc Mother/Child, trta"a ouvroeo.l(trx{ on6-
6ooq 5{o yupvrbv poqcpcirv, pr,crg pqt6qog xo.r, rou evrl},txou yLou xIE.
Tono0etrlp6vor, o 6vaE xovtq, o'rov dtr),o, o),),s pe 1uqr,op6v1 tnv ntrd-
t1, 1 prlr6qo qoucpoer, ner,voopr6vo to ycr),cr crn6 to ot1Oog tqg evcir o
lloE qoucpdeu to [6r,o rou ro on6qpo. Anoxopp6vot ofi6 rov ].(,6opo
s)")"q. xqr. preto.!{ roug, n prlt6qo xsr. to nol6i cvo(ltoiv tqv o}.ox}.r1-
e<oon 1-r,6oa otov ecrut6 toug. Kcrto trlv no.qdboon tnE peyo].ng rQoyt-
xrlg r€yvr1g, or. cpr.yotqeg ucplotavtor. t4 buotullo s]"].q,, evt6].et, ou
nqo[elE toug onoretroriv enr,BeBolr.oor1 tIE (conE. luprvoi ].r,or 1{,o.z"ofiot-
r1p6vor, o,n6 tov €lro z6opo, nqoono0oriv vo qoucprlfouv trlv ouolo t1g
EroriE oru6 tov 16r.o touE tov eout6.
Ks0<bg ou xo),),r,t61veg zor,torioov n[o<o otqv nQooonlxrl rouE roro-
qln yuo vo pnoq6oouv vo 6r,onequoouv ro te1vr1t6 tt1E otiylgovqg
[ror1g, crqlroov vcr l3yo.(ouv otlv enrcpover,o pu.o $o0ureql nqcrypo,tlx6-
tr1ro,. H o)"r10er,c e[.1e cpuvei nqog otr,yplv p1 ovolxolo prloc oto nor,-
Xvi,6r, tcov yeyov6t<rrv, rcDv eovroorcbo'ecov, xIE x[Qooopo[tooqg xol tqg
eqprlvelog ruou 6r,o;.toqcprbver, rq oriyXqovl ovti,)"4f 11. Enlotq6cpovtog
6proE oto Boo[]"er,o tcov no.uSuxcbv cvo.pvtloeov, rtrlv ovelqcov xoL rnE
0grloxeutlxrlg epireup[.o9, or, xo].].lt61veg Bgrlxctv plcr yvqot6tqro ortE
cpo.vtaor,cboer,g xo,L Tqv n[,otr1 toug. Mnoqel vo p1v xo,tocpegcrv vcr
Bgouv trlv cr),r10eucr otqv no),r-rotqorprotr,x( nqolporr,r.c6tltcr tt1g xo0r1-
peqr,vrlE (ror1g, ouv6lr,oov 6p<rrg vo. r1v lpoxvouv otoug eoutoriE rouE.
To te1vr1t6 rel"txo" proE o511e[ nloor otqv o!0evtlx,6tqto. H o]"r1oet.o
orv(rr lttoo. po.E. JEFFREY DEITCH
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