THE ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCES &

TECHNOLOGY
Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences

Thursday, 01 February 2007 Time: 12:00AM - 03:00PM

Instrumentation - Batch 12 Final Semester 3 Examination

Name: _______________________________________

Index: _______________________________________

1. An alternating current control device that transfers electrical energy from its primary coil
or windings to its secondary coil by mutual inductance produce by the flow of alternating
current is called: a) Inductor
b) Capacitor
Ans: __________ c) Transformer
d) Rectifier
e) None of the above

2. The process of converting an alternating current into pulsating direct current by utilizing
a semiconductor such as a diode is called:

Ans. _____ a) Conduction

b) Amplification
c) Rectification
d) Induction
e) None of the above

3. A semiconductor Diode is also known as a _____________ :

Ans. _______________ a) Transistor

b) Rectifier
c) Capacitor
d) Resistor
e) None of the above

4. Identify the following circuit, whether it is: a) Forward bias, b) Reversed bias
P N
Ans. __________ + + + ‫־־‬
‫ ־‬++ ‫־‬
‫ ־־‬++
‫־‬
+
5. In a PN junction diode, if the “P” crystal corresponds to anode, what does the “N” crystal
corresponds to?

Ans. __________________

6. A silicon metal is basically a non-conductive material, what process is required to make

the metal become a semiconductor? a) Subjecting to high current
b) Subjecting to high pressure
Ans: __________________ c) Spinning
d) Ionization
e) None of the above

7. In the circuit shown below, draw the waveform at the Output if the Input waveform is a
sine wave as shown below.

Output
Input signal I
(sine wave)

Input
waveform

Output
waveform

8. If the impedance of an inductor is called inductive reactance, the impedance of a capacitor

is called:
a) resistance
Ans. _________________ b) induction
c) reactance
d) capacitive reactance
e) none of the above
9. Referring to figure 27, identify which points in the waveform are covered to complete the
following. Designate the points by letters:

For example: One complete alternation is: ABCDE

a) A positive alternation. Ans. ____________________

b) A negative alternation Ans. ____________________

B F

Figure 27
A C E G J

In the circuit shown below:

I
R=5 Ω
Va = 10 volts
F = 80 hertz L = 10mH

10. Calculate the inductive reactance XL

11. Compute for the total impedance Z

12. Compute for the current I

13. A transformer that has two windings or coils. If one of the windings is called secondary
the other winding is called:

Ans: ______________________
14. In a transformer, what is a turns-ratio?
Ans: ______________________
a) Is the product between N1 and N2
b) Is the sum of N1 and N2
c) Is the quotient of N2 divided by N1
d) Is the deference between N2 and N1
e) None of the above

15. In a transformer, if the primary voltage is 150 volts, what is the secondary voltage if the
turns-ratio is 1:2 ?

Ans. ________

16. If the turns-ratio of a tranformer is 1:5, what type of a transformer is being described?

Ans. ________________ a) isolation transformer

b) step-down transformer
c) power transformer
d) step-up transformer
e) none of the above

17. What are the types of transistor?

Ans. _______ & _________ a) PPN type

b) NNP type
c) NPN type
d) PNP type

18. Identify what type of a Transistor is shown in the configuration below.

Emitter Collector
+ ─ +

Base
Ans: _________________

19. What are the three connection configurations of transistors?

Ans. a) _________________

b) _________________

c) _________________
20. Identify what type of connection configuration of the transistor shown in the drawing
below:

Ans. ____________________
c
b

e +
+

21. An atom of Silicon has an atomic number of 14 while Germanium has 34, True or False

Ans. ______________

22. The outer shell of Germanium atom has 3 orbiting electrons while Silicon atom has 4
orbiting electrons. True or False

Ans. ______________

23. A pure silicon or germanium metal is a very poor conductor of electric current. Certain
“impurity” must be added to these metals to make them into semiconductor. The process
of adding this impurity is called?

Ans._________________ a) Ionization
b) Induction
c) Rectifcation
d) Addition
e) None of the above

24. How many outer shell electrons must a certain metallic element has in order that it can be
used as an “impurity” to produce an N-type crystal?

Ans. __________________ a) 4 electrons

b) 3 electrons
c) 2 electrons
d) 5 electrons
e) None of the above

25. What are the three (3) common metallic elements used as impurities to produce an
N-type semiconductor crystal?

Ans. _________________ a) Gallium

b) Antimony
c) Indium
d) Bismuth
e) Boron
f) Arsenic
25. What are the three (3) common metallic elements used as impurities to produce a
P-type semiconductor crystal?

Ans. _________________ a) Gallium

b) Antimony
c) Indium
d) Bismuth
e) Boron
f) Arsenic

26. When a P-type and an N-type crystals are fused together, they become a semiconductor.
This semiconductor is called:

Ans. _________________ a) Cathode

b) Anode
c) Transistor
d) Diode
e) None of the above

27. As shown in the drawing below, draw the output of the PN junction if a sine wave signal
is applied across input.

+ +
+
0 in out
_

28. As shown in the drawing above, during the positive portion of the sinewave the PN
junction is reversed bias. True or False

Ans. ________________

29. As shown in the drawing above, there is no current flow during the negative portion
of the sinewave. True or False

Ans. ________________
30. In a PN junction diode,

a) Briefly explain what is reversed bias and forward bias.

b) Make a simple drawing showing a forward bias PN junction diode connection,

showing the positive and the negative connections of the battery.