GLOBAL

Globalization has increased the mobility of labor. And in

many developed countries, declining fertility and
working-age populations have led to rising demand
for workers from abroad to sustain national economies.
Economic migrants are the world's fastest growing
group of migrants and many countries that once sent
workers abroad. For example, Argentina, Ireland and
the Republic of Korea are now experiencing migrant
inflows as well.
The UN Migration Agency (IOM) defines a migrant as any person who is
moving or has moved across an international border or within a state away
from his/her habitual place of residence, regardless of
(1) the person’s legal status;
(2) whether the movement is voluntary or involuntary;
(3) what the causes for the movement are; or
(4) what the length of the stay is.
According to the latest statistics from the International Labor Organization,
nearly 73% of the working-age migrant population was migrant workers.
Migration is the movement of people from one
permanent home to another. This movement
changes the population of a place.
International migration is the movement from
one country to another. People who leave their
country are said to emigrate.
People who move into another country are called
immigrants.
The movement of people into a country is known
as immigration.
In many developing countries, large numbers of
people have moved from the countryside to the
cities in recent years. This is called rural to urban
migration.

Sometimes people have a choice about whether

they move, but sometimes they are forced to
move. Another type of migrant is an asylum
seeker, someone who has been forced to leave
their own country because they are in danger -
fleeing as a result of their religious beliefs or the
danger of war.
The reasons people leave a place are
called the push factors. The reasons
people are attracted to new places to
live are called the pull factors.

• economic migration or moving to find

work or follow a particular career path;
• social migration which trigger the moving
somewhere for a better quality of life or to
be closer to family or friends;
• political migration in order to escape
political persecution or war; and
• environmental causes of migration include
natural disasters such as flooding.