116 Handbook of Biol [glegram @neetquestionpaper Following flow chart presents the detailed view of ground tissue system in plants Ground Tissue System —_—___, Monocotyledons 1 Stem Root Dicotyledons ae] Stem Root Hypodermis Itconsists of colenchyma or sclerenchyma colts that le blow epidermis. i provides mechanical strengin and ‘igi Parenchyma ‘Those are non-vascular areas hich occur between vascular bundles for lateral conduction | Cortex Itis the main zone lying between the epidermis and pericyele. In monocots, itis homogenous, bout in dicots, iis afferentiated into hypodermis, general cortex and endodermis, [- Pericycle Itis the outermost boundary of vascular strand, fone to several coll in thickness. It may be parenchymatous or sclerenchymatous. ‘— Medulla or Pith, ‘The parenchymatous, central part of the ground tissue, which is often parenchymatous. Due to radial expansion, it becomes hollow as in Cucurbita. 3. Vascular Tissue System (Fascicular Tissue System) ‘The tissues derived from the procambium are called the vascular or fascicular tissue system. It consists of number of strands or bundles called vascular bundles. Vascular Bundles (Components) ———|+———} Xylem Element The chief conducting tissues. Consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem fibre and xylem parenchyma, The tissue, concemed with the conduction of food materials, It consists of sieve cals, sieve tubes, companion calls, phloem Cambium Itis a lateral meristem that gives rise to secondary xylem and phloem and ‘occurs in the form of thin strip, Cambium consists of Phloem Element parenchyma and phioem Wo type of cells fibres. 1. Fusiform initials 2. Ray intias Protophloem Metaphloem (primariy differentiated) (later differentiated)