Sana’a University HV Substations Design

Faculty of Engineering Q&A

Department of Electrical Engineering Final Exam Preparation

Question No. : Answer with TRUE () or FALSE ()

No. Statement () or ()

1. The fault clearing time of a high voltage circuit breaker is usually Few Seconds. ()

2. Substations have a High fire risk. ()

3. Circuit breakers in encapsulated gas-insulated switchgear are of Live-Tank design. ()

4. A disconnector has Current Carrying Capability in normal condition. ()

5. SF6 gas is Colorless and Heavier than air. ()

6. The fault clearing time of a high voltage circuit breaker (CB) is usually many ()
minutes.

7. SF6 gas is toxic. ()

8. Load switches operate under no current conditions. ()

9. Oil circuit breakers are used for very high voltages up to 800 kV. ()

10. GIS substations are maintenance-free. ()

11. The number of suspension/tension levels in the Parallel-Transverse Design outdoor ()
arrangement is: Two.

12. Substations have a Low fire risk. ()

13. Circuit breakers in encapsulated gas-insulated switchgear are of Dead-Tank design. ()

14. A disconnector has Current Breaking Capability in abnormal/fault conditions. ()

15. A transformer –feeder substation arrangement is ECONOMIC. ()

16. The number of suspension/tension levels in the conventional diagonal design of ()
outdoor substations is: Three.

17. In the double busbar arrangement of high voltage substations any circuit breaker can ()
be taken out of service for maintenance without affecting continuity of supply.

18. In circuit breakers using the rotating arc principle, cold gas (SF6) is moved into the ()
arc.

19. Air-insulated outdoor switchgear are completely safe to touch. ()

20. Before compressed atmospheric air is used for arc extinction in air-blast circuit ()
breakers, it must be dried.
 Question No. : Multichoice Problems

1. To achieve high dielectric strength, vacuum interrupter bottles are evacuated to pressures of some:

(a) (a) 10-6 to 10-9 bar (b) 0.1 to 0.05 bar (c) 10-1 to 10-3 bar

2. SF6 gas is:

(b) (a) toxic (b) non-toxic (c) combustible

3. Circuit breakers in compact substations are of:

(a) (a) dead-tank design (b) live-tank design

4. Air blast circuit breakers are used at:

(c) (a) low voltage levels (b) medium voltage levels (c) highest voltage levels

5. Industrial SF6 gas used in circuit breakers and bus systems is specified with a purity by weight of:

(c) (a) 80% (b) 70% (c) 99.9% (d) 50%

6. The minimal-weight construction of GIS switchgear results from the use of:

(c) (a) copper (b) galvanized steel (c) aluminum alloy

7. An ideal substation is that located close to the load center of its service area.

(a) (a) True (b) False

8. When a high voltage circuit breaker is to be opened, the arcing contacts open first then the main contacts.

(b) (a) True (b) False

9. The high voltage disconnector shown in the picture below is a:

(c) (a) vertical break disconnector (b) double side break (c) center break disconnector
disconnector

10. The cost of one-and-half circuit breaker arrangement compared with the cost of double-busbar
arrangement is:

(b) (a) higher (b) lower (c) equal

Final Exam Preparation, HV Substations Design 2

 Question No. 
Fill-in the following table to define the switching capability using ( or ).
Normal Condition Abnormal Condition
Current
Making Carrying Breaking Making Carrying Breaking
CM CC CB CM CC* CB
Switching Device
Circuit Breaker      
Disconnector      
Load Switch      

*) For a specific/very short time.

Question No. ❹
This is a four-circuits arrangement in normal
operation. All circuit breakers are switched ON, all
isolators are CLOSED.
4.1 Give the correct switching sequence for work
on the following components:
(a) Busbar section A

Answer 1) Switch-off Circuit Breaker 'D'.

2) Open Line Isolator 'S'
3) Open Busbar Isolator 'P'
4) Switch-off Circuit Breaker 'U'.
5) Open Isolator 'V'
6) Open Isolator 'W'
7) Switch-off Circuit Breaker 'C'.
8) Open Busbar Isolator 'H'
9) Switch-off Transformer Circuit
Breaker at low-voltage side.
10) SMILE 

(b) Line isolator T

Answer 1) Switch-off Circuit Breaker 'F'.

2) Open Line Isolator 'T'
3) Open Busbar Isolator 'R'
4) Switch-off Circuit Breaker at
Line 2 Far End.
5) SMILE 

Final Exam Preparation, HV Substations Design 3

4.2 How many circuits will be lost, if there is a fault in:
(a) Transformer 1.

Answer ONE Transformer 1 feeder circuit.

(b) Circuit Breaker C

Answer TWO Transformer 1 feeder circuit + Line feeder circuit (Line 1).

Question No. 
Study the Following Substation Arrangement and Answer the Following Questions:

Line 1 Line 3

DL1 DL3

D10 D1

CB11 CB21

D11 D2
D20 D3

CB12 CB22
D21 D4

D30 D5
CB13 CB23
D31 D6

DL2 DL4

Line 2 Line 4
GIVEN: Total 4 lines (Circuits), all switching devices are ON/Closed.

5.1) When working on the line isolator DL1:

a) What is the correct switching sequence for safework?
 Switch-off Circuit Breaker 'CB11'
 Open both isolators 'D10' and 'D11'
Final Exam Preparation, HV Substations Design 4
 Switch-off Circuit Breaker 'CB12'
 Open both isolators 'D20' and 'D21'
 Switch-off Circuit Breaker at Line 1 Far End.
 Open line isolator DL1.
b) How many circuits will be lost? - (Put Number only, NO explanation)
ONE
5.2) If a fault occurs on the following components, how many circuits will be lost:

Case Fault On Circuits Lost

(Put Number only, NO
explanation)
1 Line isolator DL1 ONE
2 Upper busbar Zero
3 Circuit breaker CB11 ONE
4 Circuit breaker CB12 TWO
5 Line 2 ONE

5.3) How many circuits will be lost, if any circuit breaker needs maintenance?
Zero circuits. (Put Number only)

Question No. : Power Engineer Recognizes Components & Parts

6.1) What are the parts/components indicated by numbers: Select ANY 10 Parts (Mention
only, NO explanation)

Final Exam Preparation, HV Substations Design 5

 1 2 3 4 5

SF6 Circuit Mechanism/ Control Panel Busbar System I Busbar isolator I

Breaker Spring
mechanism with
stored energy

6 7 8 9 10

Busbar System Busbar isolator Earthing switch Earthing switch Feeder isolator
II II

11 12 13 14

Earthing switch Current Voltage Cable Sealing

Transformer (Potential) End/Terminal
Transformer

6.2) What are the parts/components indicated by the numbers from 1 to 7 (Mention only, NO
explanation).

Final Exam Preparation, HV Substations Design 6

 1 2 3 4

Busbar system 1 (with SF6 Circuit Current Voltage

combined Breaker Transformer (Potential)
disconnector/maintenance Transformer
earthing switch)

5 6 7

Combined disconnector/maintenance earthing High-speed Control

switch with cable sealing end earthing switch Cubicle/Panel

6.3) Describe the components indicated by the numbers on the image? (Just name!).

Final Exam Preparation, HV Substations Design 7

 1 2 3 4 5

High-voltage Interrupter/ Post/Support Filter Circuit Breaker

Upper Terminal Arcing Insulator Base/Base
Chamber/Unit Frame

6 7 8 9 10

Crank Case Pillar/Supporting Connecting Control Position

Structure Rods Cubicle/ Indicator
Mechanism
Cabinet

11 12 13 14

Spring SF6 Density Tripping Spring Operating

Charging Monitor Insulating Rod
Indicator

6.4) Describe the components indicated by the numbers on the image? (Just name!).

   

1 2 3

High Voltage Bushings Control Cubicle/ Circuit Breaker Body/

Panel Enclosure/ Dead Tank

4 5

Concrete Foundation/Base Drainage Valve

END
Final Exam Preparation, HV Substations Design 8