Abstract

In this seminar we
discuss about the six
stroke engine. It include
Introduction, the types
of six stroke engine than
how to work this six
stroke, Factors
contributing to increased
thermal Efficiency,
Reduced
Fuel Consumption and
Pollutant
Emission Advantages &
Disadvantages of this
engine. And last
Conclusion of this
seminar: SIX STROKE
ENGINE. 

Content

Introduction
Types of Six stroke
Engine 
Working of Six stroke
engine 
Advantages &
Disadvantages
Conclusion
Reference

Introduction

Nikolaus August Otto first

designed what is known
as the Otto engine or
simply the 4 stroke
internal combustion
engine. Conversion of
heat energy liberated by
the combustion of the
fuel into mechanical
energy which rotated the
crankshaft was the
basic principle of this
engine. The 4 stroke
engine worked on the
principle of the Otto cycle
.The 4 stroke engine
comprises of the intake
stroke, compression
stroke, power stroke and
finally the exhaust stroke.
Fuel was injected in the
intake stroke and
power from the fuel was
derived in the 3rd stroke.

Types of Six stroke

Engine

There are three types

of six stroke Engine.

1. Crower six stroke

engine.
2. Beare Head Six Stroke
engine.
3. Bajulaz six stroke
engine.

The details of this

three types of six stroke
Engine are given below:-

1. Crower six stroke

engine.

In a six-stroke engine
patented in the U.S. by
Bruce Crower, after the
exhaust stroke, fresh
water is injected into the
cylinder, and is quickly
turned to superheated
steam, which causes the
water to expand to 1600
times its volume and
forces the piston down
for an additional stroke.
This design also claims
to reduce
fuel consumption by
40%.
Crower's six stroke
engine features:-
· No cooling
system required
· Improves a typical
engine’s
fuel consumption
· Requires a supply of
distilled water to act as
the medium for the
second power stroke.

2. Beare Head Six

Stroke engine.

This engine simply

replaces the conventional
Four Stroke Engines
Cylinder Head. The
manufacturers Four
Stroke bottom end
remains unchanged
The net result is:
Power/torque increases
of 35%.
Simpler and less
expensive manufacturing
and tooling
Reduction of cylinder
head reciprocating parts
Lower maintenance costs
due to less wearing parts

3. Bajulaz six stroke

engine.

The Bajulaz six stroke

engine is similar to a
regular combustion
engine in design. This
Engine was invented in
1989 by the Bajulaz S A .
Bajulaz six stroke engine
features:-
Reduction in
fuel consumption by at
least 40%
Two expansions (work) in
six strokes
Dramatic reduction in
pollution
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Costs comparable to
those of a four-stroke
engine combustion
engine in design.

Working of Six stroke

engine

1) Intake valve
2) Heating chamber valve
3) Combustion chamber
valve
4) Exhaust valve
5) Cylinder
6) Combustion chamber
7) Air heating chamber
8) Wall of combustion
chamber
9) Fuel injector
10) Heating plug
11) Piston
12) Crankshaft

1st stroke (suction

stroke)

The inlet valve(1) is kept

open. Due to cranking,
the piston moves
downward which results
in the formation of a
pressure difference due
to which pure air enters
the cylinder (5). The
crankshaft completes
rotates for half cycle.

2nd stroke
(compression stroke)

The inlet valve closes

and the heating chamber
valve opens. The piston
moves upwards due to
cranking forcing the pure
air into heating chamber.
The air at this stage is
converted to high
pressure.

3rd stroke (1st power

stroke)

The combustion chamber

valve opens and the
gases of combustion
enter the cylinder.

4th stroke (exhaust

stroke)

The exhaust valve opens.

The piston moves
upwards and the exhaust
gases are removed via
this valve. The crankshaft
rotates another half
cycle. At this stage the
crankshaft completes 2
full cycles.

5th stroke (2nd power

stroke)

The heating chamber

valve opens and the pure
air now at high pressure
and high temperature
enters the cylinder as
shown in the figure which
does work on the piston
and hence it moves
downwards resulting in
the 2nd power stroke.
The crankshaft
completes
another half cycle.

6th stroke

Finally the combustion

chamber valve opens the
piston moves upwards
forcing the pure air into
the combustion chamber.
The crankshaft will
complete 3 full cycles at
the end of the 6th stroke.

Advantages &
Disadvantages

Two expansions (work) in

six strokes:
Multifuel:
Dramatic reduction in
pollution:
Liquefied Petroleum Gas:
Cost comparable to those
of a four-stroke engine:

CONCLUSION

Drastically reducing
fuel consumption and
pollution without radically
affecting performances
would allow the current
concept of the
automobile to be
reassessed.
There is, at this day, no
wonder solution for the
replacement of the
internal combustion
engine. Only
improvements of the
current technology can
help it progress within
reasonable time and
financial limits.
Fuel consumption for
mid-sized engines should
be within 4 and 5 litres
per 100km. and 3 to 4
litres for the small-sized
engines.
Automobiles equipped
with the six-stroke engine
could appear in the

Reference: http://www.seminarprojects.com/Thread-6-stroke-petrol-engine-ppt#ixzz1fY75mWaU
New

The six-stroke engine is a type of internal combustion engine based on the four-stroke engine, but with
additional complexity intended to make it more efficient and reduce emissions. Two types of six-stroke
engine have been developed since the 1990s:

In the first approach, the engine captures the heat lost from the four-stroke Otto cycle or Diesel cycle and
uses it to power an additional power and exhaust stroke of the piston in the same cylinder. Designs use
either steam or air as the working fluid for the additional power stroke.[1] The pistons in this type of six-
stroke engine go up and down three times for each injection of fuel. There are two power strokes: one
with fuel, the other with steam or air. The currently notable designs in this class are the Crower six-stroke
engine, invented by Bruce Crower of the U.S.; theBajulaz engine by the Bajulaz S.A. company of
Switzerland; the Velozeta Six-stroke engine built by the College of Engineering, at Trivandrum in India;
 and the NIYKADO Six Stroke Engine invented by Chanayil Cleetus Anil, NIYKADO Motors, India under
patent number IN252642 granted on 25 May 2012.

The second approach to the six-stroke engine uses a second opposed piston in each cylinder that moves
at half the cyclical rate of the main piston, thus giving six piston movements per cycle. Functionally, the
second piston replaces the valve mechanism of a conventional engine but also increases
the compression ratio. The currently notable designs in this class include two designs developed
independently: the Beare Head engine, invented by Australian Malcolm Beare, and the German Charge
pump, invented by Helmut Kottmann.

Contents

  [hide] 

 1 Engine types

o 1.1 Single piston designs

 1.1.1 Griffin six-stroke engine

 1.1.2 Bajulaz six-stroke engine

 1.1.3 Velozeta six-stroke engine

 1.1.4 NIYKADO Six Stroke Engine

 1.1.5 Crower six-stroke engine

o 1.2 Opposed piston designs

 1.2.1 Beare Head

 1.2.2 M4+2

 1.2.3 Piston charger engine

 2 Related U.S. patents

 3 Related Indian Patents

 4 Notes

 5 References

 6 External links
Engine types[edit source | editbeta]
Single piston designs[edit source | editbeta]
These designs use a single piston per cylinder, like a conventional two- or four-stroke engine. A
secondary, non-detonating fluid is injected into the chamber, and the leftover heat from combustion
causes it to expand for a second power stroke followed by a second exhaust stroke.
Griffin six-stroke engine[edit source | editbeta]
In 1883, the Bath-based engineer Samuel Griffin was an established maker of steam and gas engines.
He wished to produce an internal combustion engine, but without paying the licensing costs of
the Otto patents. His solution was to develop a "patent slide valve" and a single-acting six-stroke engine
using it.

By 1886, Scottish steam locomotive maker Dick, Kerr & Co. saw a future in large oil engines and licensed
the Griffin patents. These were double acting, tandem engines and sold under the name "Kilmarnock".[2] A
major market for the Griffin engine was in electricity generation, where they developed a reputation for
happily running light for long periods, then suddenly being able to take up a large demand for power.
Their large heavy construction didn't suit them to mobile use, but they were capable of burning heavier
and cheaper grades of oil.

The key principle of the "Griffin Simplex" was a heated exhaust-jacketed external vapouriser, into which
the fuel was sprayed. The temperature was held around 550 °F (288 °C), sufficient to physically
vapourise the oil but not to break it down chemically. This fractional distillation supported the use of heavy
oil fuels, the unusable tars and asphalts separating out in the vapouriser.

Hot bulb ignition was used, which Griffin termed the "Catathermic Igniter", a small isolated cavity
connected to the combustion chamber. The spray injector had an adjustable inner nozzle for the air
supply, surrounded by an annular casing for the oil, both oil and air entering at 20 lb/in2 (138 kPa)
pressure, and being regulated by a governor.[3][4]

Griffin went out of business in 1923.

Only two known examples of a Griffin six-stroke engine survive. One is in the Anson Engine Museum.
The other was built in 1885 and for some years was in the Birmingham Museum of Science and
Technology, but in 2007 it returned to Bath and the Museum of Bath at Work.[5]

Bajulaz six-stroke engine[edit source | editbeta]

The Bajulaz six-stroke engine is similar to a regular combustion engine in design. There are, however,
modifications to the cylinder head, with two supplementary fixed capacity chambers: acombustion
chamber and an air preheating chamber above each cylinder. The combustion chamber receives a
charge of heated air from the cylinder; the injection of fuel begins an isochoric(constant-volume) burn
which increases the thermal efficiency compared to a burn in the cylinder. The high pressure achieved is
then released into the cylinder to work the power or expansion stroke. Meanwhile a second chamber
which blankets the combustion chamber, has its air content heated to a high degree by heat passing
through the cylinder wall. This heated and pressurized air is then used to power an additional stroke of
the piston.

The claimed advantages of the engine include reduction in fuel consumption by at least 40%, two
expansion strokes in six strokes, multi-fuel usage capability, and a dramatic reduction inpollution.[6]

The Bajulaz Six-Stroke Engine was invented in 1989 by Roger Bajulaz of the Bajulaz S.A. company,
based in Geneva, Switzerland; it has U.S. Patent 4,809,511 and U.S. Patent 4,513,568.

The Bajulaz six-stroke engine features:

 Reduction in fuel consumption by at least 40%

 Two expansion (work) strokes in six strokes
 Multifuel, including liquefied petroleum gas
 Dramatic reduction in air pollution
 Costs comparable to those of a four-stroke engine
Velozeta six-stroke engine[edit source | editbeta]
In a Velozeta engine, fresh air is injected into the cylinder during the exhaust stroke, which expands by
heat and therefore forces the piston down for an additional stroke. The valve overlaps have been
removed and the two additional strokes using air injection provide for better gas scavenging. The engine
seems to show 40% reduction in fuel consumption and dramatic reduction in air pollution.[7] Its specific
power is slightly less than that of a four-stroke gasoline engine.[7] The engine can run on a variety of fuels,
ranging from gasoline and Diesel fuel to LPG. An altered engine shows a 65% reduction in carbon
monoxide pollution when compared with the four stroke engine from which it was developed.[7] The engine
was developed in 2005 by a team of mechanical engineering students, Mr. U Krishnaraj, Mr. Boby
Sebastian, Mr. Arun Nair and Mr. Aaron Joseph of the College of Engineering, Trivandrum

NIYKADO Six Stroke Engine[edit source | editbeta]

This engine was designed, developed and patented by Chanayil Cleetus Anil, owner of NIYKADO
Motors, Kochi, India, in 2012. He holds Indian patent number IN252642, granted by IPIndia on May 25,
2012. The engine has already undergone a preliminary round of full-throttle tests at the Automotive
Research Association of India (ARAI), Pune.

This is the only engine that is categorized as a fully working prototype.[8][verification needed] The first prototype
was developed in 2004, which used only two valves. The second prototype, developed in 2007, was an
improved design using four valves.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UmA_3CRHFQU Video link to NIYKADO Six Stroke Engine

Crower six-stroke engine[edit source | editbeta]

In a six-stroke engine prototyped in the United States by Bruce Crower, water is injected into the cylinder
after the exhaust stroke and is instantly turned to steam, which expands and forces the piston down for an
additional power stroke. Thus, waste heat that requires an air or water cooling system to discharge in
most engines is captured and put to use driving the piston.[9] Crower estimated that his design would
reduce fuel consumption by 40% by generating the same power output at a lower RPM. The weight
associated with a cooling system could be eliminated, but that would be balanced by a need for a water
tank in addition to the normal fuel tank.

The Crower six-stroke engine was an experimental design that attracted media attention in 2006 because
of an interview given by the 75-year-old American inventor, who has applied for a patent on his design.
[10]
 That patent application was subsequently abandoned.[11] Leonard Dyer invented the first six-stroke
internal combustion water injection engine in 1915, very similar to Crower's design. A dozen more similar
patents have been issued since.

Dyer's six-stroke engine features:

 No cooling system required

 Improves a typical engine’s fuel consumption
 Requires a supply of pure water to act as the medium for the second power stroke.
 Extracts the additional power from the expansion of steam.
Opposed piston designs[edit source | editbeta]
These designs use two pistons per cylinder operating at different rates, with detonation occurring between
the pistons.

Beare Head[edit source | editbeta]

The term "Six Stroke" was coined by the inventor of the Beare Head, Malcolm Beare. The technology
combines a four stroke engine bottom end with an opposed piston in the cylinder head working at half the
cyclical rate of the bottom piston. Functionally, the second piston replaces the valve mechanism of a
conventional engine.[12]

M4+2[edit source | editbeta]

The M4+2 engine working cycle animation

The M4+2 engines have much in common with the Beare Head engines, combining two opposed pistons
in the same cylinder. One piston works at half the cyclical rate of the other, but while the main function of
the second piston in a Beare Head engine is to replace the valve mechanism of a conventional four stroke
engine, the M4+2 takes the principle one step further. The double-piston combustion engine's work is
based on the cooperation of both modules. The air load change takes place in the two-stroke section of
the engine. The piston of the four-stroke section is an air load exchange aiding system, working as a
system of valves. The cylinder is filled with air or with an air-fuel mixture. The filling process takes place at
overpressure by the slide inlet system. The exhaust gases are removed as in the classical two-stroke
engine, by exhaust windows in the cylinder. The fuel is supplied into the cylinder by a fuel injection
system. Ignition is realized by two spark plugs. The effective power output of the double-piston engine is
transferred by two crankshafts. The characteristic feature of this engine is an opportunity of continuous
change of cubic capacity and compression rate during engine work by changing the piston's location. The
mechanical and thermodynamical models were meant for double-piston engines, which enable to draw up
new theoretical thermodynamic cycle for internal combustion double pistons engine.[clarification needed]

The working principle of the engine is explained in the two- and four-stroke engines article.

Piston charger engine[edit source | editbeta]

In this engine, similar in design to the Beare head, a "piston charger" replaces the valve system. The
piston charger charges the main cylinder and simultaneously regulates the inlet and the outlet aperture
leading to no loss of air and fuel in the exhaust.[13] In the main cylinder, combustion takes place every turn
as in a two-stroke engine and lubrication as in a four-stroke engine. Fuel injection can take place in the
piston charger, in the gas transfer channel or in the combustion chamber. It is also possible to charge two
working cylinders with one piston charger. The combination of compact design for the combustion
chamber together with no loss of air and fuel is claimed to give the engine more torque, more power and
better fuel consumption. The benefit of fewer moving parts and design is claimed to lead to lower
manufacturing costs. Good for hybrid technology and stationary engines. The engine is claimed to be
suited to alternative fuels since there is no corrosion or deposits left on valves. The six strokes are

1. Aspiration
2. Precompression
3. Gas transfer
4. Compression
5. Ignition and
6. Ejection.
This is an invention of Helmut Kottmann from Germany, while working 25 years at MAHLE GmbH piston
and cylinder construction.
ABSTRACT
The quest for an engine which having the same or more power with higher fuel
efficiency than the existing ones has started before many years. As a result of all these
researches a new engine concept is formed, which is a six stroke engine. Lot of
research works are conducting on this topic nowadays and already six types of six
stroke engines were discovered yet. Of these the resent developed three six stroke
engines, i.e., Beare head, Bruce crowers and Velozetaâ„¢s are undergoing tremendous
research works.
During every cycle in a typical four stroke engine, piston moves up and down twice in
the chamber, resulting in four total strokes and one of which is the power stroke that
provides the torque to move the vehicle. But in a six stroke engine there are six strokes
and out of these there are two power strokes. The automotive industry may soon be
revolutionized by a new six-stroke design which adds a second power stroke, resulting
in much more efficiency with less amount of pollution.

Presented By:
Eldhose Paul

INTRODUCTION
The term six stroke engine describes two different approaches in
the internal combustion engine, developed since the 1990s, to improve its efficiency
and reduce emissions
In the first approach, the engine captures the waste heat from the four stroke Otto
cycle or Diesel cycle and uses it to get an additional power and exhaust stroke of the
piston in the same cylinder. Designs either use steam or air as the working fluid for the
additional power stroke. As well as extracting power, the additional stroke cools the
engine and removes the need for a cooling system making the engine lighter and giving
40% increased efficiency over the normal Otto or Diesel Cycle. The pistons in this six
stroke engine go up and down six times for each injection of fuel. These six stroke
engines have 2 power strokes: one by fuel, one by steam or air. The currently notable
six stroke engine designs in this class are the Crower's six stroke engine, invented by
Bruce Crower of the U.S.A; the Bajulaz engine by the Bajulaz S A company, of
Switzerland; and the Velozetaâ„¢s Six-stroke engine built by the College of
Engineering, at Trivandrum in India.
The second approach to the six stroke engine uses a second opposed piston in each
cylinder which moves at half the cyclical rate of the main piston, thus giving six piston
movements per cycle. Functionally, the second piston replaces the valve mechanism of
a conventional engine and also it increases the compression ratio. The currently notable
six stroke engine designs in this class include two designs developed independently: the
Beare Head engine, invented by Australian farmer Malcolm Beare, and the German
Charge pump, invented by Helmut Kottmann.
SYMBOLS USED
1. TFC :- Total fuel consumption in Kg/Hr
2. SFC :- Specific fuel consumption in Kg/Kwhr
3. BP :- Brake power in Kw
4. TDC :- Top dead center
5. BDC :- Bottom dead center
6. IVO :- Inlet valve opening
7. IVC :- Inlet valve closing
8. EVO :- Exhaust valve opening
9. EVC :- Exhaust valve closing 
10. N :- Engine speed at final drive shaft to the wheel in rpm 
11. P :- Load in Kg
12. T :- Time for 10 cc fuel consumption
HISTORY OF SIX STROKE ENGINES
As mentioned earlier there are two approaches to study about six stroke engines, i.e.,
first and second. There are four types of engine comes under the first category of six
stroke engines and two types of engine come under the second category. 
First Category:-
The engines coming under this category are
1. Griffin six stroke engine:-
Griffin engine was the first six stroke engine developed in the world. It is developed by
the engineer Samuel Griffin in 1883. In 1886 Scottish steam locomotive makers found a
future in Griffinâ„¢s engine and they licensed the Griffin patents also marketed the
engine under the name ËœKilmarnockâ„¢. They used this engine mainly for electric
power generation. Only two known examples of a Griffin six-stroke engines survive
today. One is in the Anson engine museum. The other was built in 1885 and for some
years was in the Birmingham Museum of Science and Technology, but in 2007 it
returned to Bath and the Museum of Bath at Work 
2. Bajulaz six stroke engine:-
The Bajulaz Six Stroke Engine was invented in 1989 by the Bajulaz S A company, based
in Geneva, Switzerland. The Bajulaz six stroke engine is similar to a regular combustion
engine in design. There was however modifications to the cylinder head, with two
supplementary fixed capacity chambers, a combustion chamber and an air preheating
chamber above each cylinder. The combustion chamber receives a charge of heated air
from the cylinder; the injection of fuel begins, at the same time it burns which
increases the thermal efficiency compared to a burn in the cylinder. The high pressure
achieved is then released into the cylinder to work the power or expansion stroke.
Meanwhile a second chamber which blankets the combustion chamber has its air
content heated to a high degree by heat passing through the cylinder wall. This heated
and pressurized air is then used to power an additional stroke of the piston.
The advantages of the engine include reduction in fuel consumption by 40%, multi-fuel
usage capability, and a dramatic reduction in pollution
3. Crower six stroke engine:-
This engine is invented by Bruce crower of California in USA in the year 2004. Bruce
Crower is actually a race car mechanic with his own workshop. In his six-stroke engine,
power is obtained in the third and sixth strokes. First four strokes of this engine are
similar to a normal four stroke engine and power is delivered in the third stroke. Just
prior to the fifth stroke, water is injected directly into the heated cylinder via the
converted diesel engine's fuel injector pump. The injected water absorbs the heat
produced in the cylinder and converts into superheated steam, which causes the water
to expand to 1600 times its volume and forces the piston down for an additional stroke
i.e. the second power stroke. The phase change from liquid to steam removes the
excess heat of the engine. 
As a substantial portion of engine heat now leaves the cylinder in the form of steam, no
cooling system radiator is required. Energy that is dissipated in conventional
arrangements by the radiation cooling system has been converted into additional power
strokes. In Crower's prototype, the water for the steam cycle is consumed at a rate
approximately equal to that of the fuel, but in production models, the steam will be
recaptured in a condenser for re-use.
Second category:-
The engines coming under this category are
1. Beare Head six stroke engine:-
Malcolm Beare 47 year old Australian wheat farmer is the inventor of this six stroke
engine. Actually the name six stroke engines was introduced by Malcolm Beare. Beare
created an innovative hybrid engine, combining two-strokes in the top end with a four-
stroke above the middle portion. So by adding this four plus two equals six, he derived
the name six stroke engines.
Below the cylinder head gasket, everything is conventional, in his design. So one main
advantage is that the Beare concept can be transplanted to existing engines without
any redesigning or retooling the bottom end and cylinder. But the cylinder head and its
poppet valves get thrown away in this design. To replace the camshaft and valves,
Beare used a short-stroke upper crankshaft complete with piston, which is driven at
half engine speed through the chain drive from the engine. This piston moves against
the main piston in the cylinder and if the bottom piston comes four times upwards,
upper piston will come downwards twice. The compression of charge takes place in
between these two pistons. Much higher compression ratios can be obtained in this
engine. Malcolm used on his first six-stroke, based on a Honda XL125 farm bike.
Malcolm Beare claims his engine is 35% more economical at low revs/throttle openings
than an equivalent conventional engine and 13% less thirsty at high rpm/full throttle.
2. Charge pump engine:-
In this engine, similar in design to the Beare head, a Ëœpiston chargerâ„¢ replaces the
valve system. The piston charger charges the main cylinder and simultaneously
regulates the inlet and the outlet aperture leading to no loss of air and fuel in the
exhaust. In the main cylinder, combustion takes place every turn as in a two-stroke
engine and lubrication as in a four-stroke engine. Fuel injection can take place in the
piston charger, in the gas transfer channel or in the combustion chamber. It is also
possible to charge two working cylinders with one piston charger. The combination of
compact design for the combustion chamber together with no loss of air and fuel is
claimed to give the engine more torque, more power and better fuel consumption. The
benefit of less moving parts and design is claimed to lead to lower manufacturing costs.
Good for hybrid technology and stationary engines. The engine is claimed to be suited
to alternative fuels since there is no corrosion or deposits left on valves. The six strokes
are: aspiration, pre-compression, gas transfer, compression, ignition and ejection.
VELOZETAâ„¢S SIX STROKE ENGINE
Mechanical Engineering students of the college of Engineering in Trivandrum, in the
year 2006 made this six stroke engine as a part of their B.Tech project. After the
completion of the course they formed the company Velozeta with the help of state and
central government. They have got the patent of this engine also. 
In Velozetaâ„¢s six stroke engine, a four-stroke Honda engine was experimentally
altered to build the six stroke engine.The first four strokes of this engine are just like a
conventional four stroke engine. The additional two strokes are for better scavenging
and cooling of the engine which is provided by a secondary air induction system.
Theory:-
There is only a slight difference between Crowerâ„¢s six stroke engine and Velozetaâ„¢s
six stroke engine. In the Crowerâ„¢s six stroke engine and this engine, the first four
stokes are the same as a conventional four stroke engine. In Crowers engine during the
fifth stroke water is injected into the cylinder and converted to steam which is used for
expansion and the sixth stroke eliminates the expanded vapors through the exhaust
manifold. But here the difference is that in the fifth stroke, instead of water, air from an
air filter is sucked into the cylinder through a secondary air line provided at the exhaust
manifold. In the sixth stroke, a mixture of this air and unburned gases are pushed out
through the exhaust valve.
Engine parts modified:-
1) Camshaft / Crankshaft Sprockets
In the six stroke engine the crankshaft has 1080 degrees of rotation for 360 degree
rotation of the camshaft per cycle. Hence their corresponding sprockets are having
teeth in the ratio 3:1.In the original four stroke engine the teeth of the sprockets of the
crankshaft and the camshaft were in 2:1 ratio. The 34 teeth sprocket of the four stroke
engine camshaft was replaced by a 42 teeth sprocket in the six stroke engine. The
camshaft sprockets were also replaced from 17 teeth to 14 teeth to convert the four
stroke engine into six stroke engine.
2) Cam lobes
In the six stroke engine the 360 degrees of the cam has been divided into 60 degrees
among the six strokes. The valve provided at the exhaust has to be kept open during
the fourth, fifth and the sixth stroke. The cam has been made double lobed in order to
avoid the hitting of the exhaust valve with the piston head. The profiles of the exhaust
and the inlet cams have been shown in the figure 1.
Figure 1: cam lobes
3) Valve Timing
The valve timing of the four stroke Honda engine has been changed. The inlet valve
opening (IVO) is 0° at TDC, same as that of the four stroke Honda activa engine.
Inlet valve Closes (IVC) at 25° after BDC, same as that of the four stroke engine.
Exhaust valve opens (EVO) 0° at BDC, which in the original engine was 25°
before BDC. Velozeta reduced this 25° advanced opening of exhaust valve to extract
maximum work per cycle. Exhaust valve closes 10 degree before TDC in order to
prevent the loss of air fuel mixture through the exhaust valve. Two reed valves have
been provided for the proper working of the engine.
4) Secondary Air Induction System
The secondary air induction system, supplies the air which is used during the fifth and
sixth stroke. During the fifth stroke air from the air filter (fig24) is sucked into the
cylinder through the secondary air induction line. The reed valve (fig22) opens to
permit the air flow. During the sixth stroke, the air is removed through the exhaust
manifold (fig 13). The reed valve (fig 23) opens and the reed valve (fig 22) closes
during this stroke. The inlet valve remains closed during these strokes.
Working of velozeta six stroke engine:-
The detailed working of the six stroke engine has been explained by using figures 2-7,
which give explanations regarding the each stroke. A detailed label of the engine parts
has been given in page (4). The working of the engine is as follows. Also the detailed
label of engine parts in the figures is given allow.
Detailed Label of Engine Parts:-
1. Rings
2. Inlet Manifold
3. Cylinder Head
4. Cam shaft
5. Cam Lob No.1
6. Inlet valve
7. Sprocket 42T
8. Rocker Arm
8.1. Inlet Rocker arm
8.2. Exhaust Rocker arm
9. Head Cover
10. Cam Lob no.3
11. Exhaust valve
12. Cam Lob No.2
13. Exhaust Manifold
14. Spark plug
15. Cylinder
16. Piston
17. Connecting rod
18. Timing Chain
19. Sprocket 14T
20. Crank
21. Secondary air induction unit
22. Reed valve (One way valve)
23. Reed valve (One way valve in Exhaust manifold)
24. Air filter
25. 42T sprocket holder
26. Bearing
First stroke (Figure 2):- 
During the first stroke the inlet valve (6) opens and air-fuel mixture from carburetor is
sucked into the cylinder through the inlet manifold (2).
Figure 2: First Stroke
Second stroke (Figure 3):- 
During the second stroke, piston moves from BDC to TDC, both the inlet valve (6) and
exhaust valve (11) are closed and the air-fuel mixture is compressed. The compression
ratio of the modified engine is same as that of the original four stroke Honda engine
9:1.
Figure 3: Second Stroke
Third stroke (Figure 4):- 
During the third stroke, power is obtained from the engine by igniting the compressed
air- fuel mixture using a spark plug (14). Both valves remain closed. Piston moves from
TDC to BDC.
Figure4: Third Stroke
Fourth stroke (Figure 5):- 
During the fourth stroke, the exhaust valve (11) and the reed valve (23) opens to
remove the burned gases from the engine cylinder. Piston moves from BDC to TDC.
Figure 5: Fourth Stroke
Fifth stroke (Figure 6):-
During the fifth stroke, the exhaust valve (11) remains open and the reed valve (23)
closes. Fresh air from the air filter (24) enters the cylinder through the secondary air
induction line (21) provided at the exhaust manifold (13). The reed valve (22) opens.
Figure 6: Fifth Stroke
Sixth stroke (Figure 7):- 
During the sixth stroke, the exhaust valve (11) remains open. The air sucked into the
cylinder during the fifth stroke is removed to the atmosphere through the exhaust
manifold (13). The reed valve (23) opens and the reed valve (22) closes.
Figure 7: Sixth Stroke
Performance test results:-
Two tests i.e., Engine load test and Pollution, test was conducted on the six stroke
engine and on the same four stroke engine from which the six stroke was developed.
Experimental Procedure:-
The same engine was altered as four stroke and six stroke to perform the experiments.
Load test and pollution test were conducted. The load test was conducted using brake
drum dynamometer. The final drive shaft from the engine to the wheel was used for
loading during the experiment. The engines were tested for 320rpm and640rpm under
the same loading conditions. The time for consumption of 10cc of the fuel was noted
during the experiment. The % vol. of CO in exhaust gas during idling was tested to
check the pollution level of the engines. The results of load test and pollution test have
been tabulated in table (1) and table (2) respectively.
Load test results:-

Table 1: Load Test

Pollution Test Results:-
Graphs:-
Graph-1: Bp Vs TFC & SFC at 320rpm
Graph-2: Bp Vs TFC & SFC at 640 rpm
Advantages of the Engine 
Reduction in fuel consumption 
Dramatic reduction in pollution normally up to 65%
Better scavenging and more extraction of work per cycle 
Lower engine temperature - so , easy to maintain the optimum engine temperature
level for better performance 
Less friction “ so , less wear and tear 
The six-stroke engine does not require any basic modification to the existing engines.
All technological experience and production methods remain unaltered
Higher overall efficiency 
CONCLUSION
The six stroke engine modification promises dramatic reduction of pollution and fuel
consumption of an internal combustion engine. The fuel efficiency of the engine can be
increased and also the valve timing can be effectively arranged to extract more work
per cycle. Better scavenging is possible as air intake occurs during the fifth stroke and
the exhaust during the sixth stroke. Due to more air intake, the cooling system is
improved. It enables lower engine temperature and therefore increases in the overall
efficiency.

Reference: http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-six-stroke-engine#ixzz2ehk2N5bH
One of the most difficult challenges in engine technology today is the urgent
need to increase engine thermal efficiency. The four strokes employed are intake
stroke, compression stroke, expansion stroke, and exhaust stroke. In addition to these
four strokes,this invention adds a secondary process having two additional strokes for
scavenging the combustion chamber with fresh air. This additional two
stroke scavenging process employs a fresh air intake stroke and a fresh air exhaust
stroke to expel remaining gases.

Working of the apparatus

The overall cycle of thi sengine comprises the four strokes of a normal four
stroke internal combustion engine including an intake stroke, compression stroke,
expansion stroke and exhaust stroke;in which output power is generated, and a second
scavenging process having two strokes, which is performed after these four
strokes.The new two strokes introduced does the following:
1)intake stroke which introduces only air into the combustion chamber
2)exhaust stroke in which the remaining burnt gas in the combustion chamber is
scavenged which otherwise, during the subsequent compression stroke inhibits the
propagation of flame through the charge mixture due to residual gases.
In this apparatus, the cam shaft of the IC Engine is provided with an additional lobe on
each cam which is rotated at a rate of one-third that of the crankshaft so that one
complete cycle of the first process and second process is performed on every three
revolutions of the crankshaft.Thus we have the intake cam and th eexhaust cam. The
intake stroke of the first process and intake air stroke of the second scavenging process
is achieved by separate lobes of the intake cam.And the exhaust stroke of the first
process and the exhaust air stroke of the scavenging process are performed by
separate lobes of the exhaust cam. The intake charge is recieved through i
carburetor . the carburetor has two tracts:
1) primary tract through which air/fuel mixture is supplied during the intake stroke,

2)secondary tract through which fresh air is supplied during the air intake stroke of the
second process.The operation of this tract is done by a solenoid valve responsive to the
rotation of the cam shaft which controls the operation of the secondary tract to supply
fresh air to the combustion chamber. This is accomplished through the use of an air
flow controlling piston which controls the amount of air flow through the secondary
fresh air flow passage in response to the temperature of the engine. Temp of engine is
constantly tracked by temperature sensing washer installed under the spark plug. Due
to this control mechanism, as the temperature of the engine increases, the amount of
air flow through the engine is increased to cool the combustion chamber.

full report with detailed drawings download:

  Six stroke Engine.pdf (Size: 851.75 KB / Downloads: 4415)

Reference: http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-six-stroke-engine#ixzz2ehkFWnUm
INTRODUCTION
The six-stroke engine is a type of internal combustion engine based on the four-stroke
engine.
First developed in early 1990â„¢s
Advancement is the Duel fuel six stroke diesel engine
More efficient & reduce emissions.

Approaches for six stroke engine design

First approach
There is two additional strokes by the main piston as fifth and sixth stroke
Second approach
It uses a second opposed piston which moves at half the cyclical rate of the main
piston 

BAJULAZ SIX STROKE ENGINE

1. Intake valve
2. Heating chamber valve
3. Combustion chamber valve
4. Exhaust valve
5. Cylinder 
6. Combustion chamber
7. Air heating chamber
8. Wall of combustion chamber
9. Fuel injector 
10. Heater plug

ADVANTAGES
Reduction in fuel consumption by at least 40%
Two expansions(work/Power stroke) in six strokes
Dramatic reduction in pollution ( up to 65%)
Higher overall efficiency 
Lower engine temperature & noise level
Due to more air intake, the cooling system is improved
Better scavenging and more extraction of work per cycle
Less inertia due to lightness of moving parts 
DISADVANTAGES
Brake power & indicated power per cycle per cylinder is comparatively lesser
Engine size increases due to many number of cylinders & additional components
Higher manufacturing cost of six stroke engine 

APPLICATIONS
Automobiles, heavy goods, construction-site and farm vehicles. 
motor-pumps, generator sets, stationary engines, etc....intended for agriculture and
industry. 
Motorboats 

CONCLUSION
Drastically reducing fuel consumption (by 40%) and pollution (by 60-90%) without
radically affecting performances 
For the dual fuel six-stroke engine, soot & nitrous oxide was practically eliminated by a
small amount of methanol in the second combustion process.
It enables lower engine temperature and therefore increases in the overall efficiency.

Reference: http://seminarprojects.com/Thread-six-stroke-engine#ixzz2ehkPIkNS