SUCHISMITA SAOO

M.Sc. In Chemistry
3rd Semester
Roll No- CH/02/2012
F.M UNIVERSITY
Green chemistry is a way of thinking and is about utilizing
the existing knowledge and principle of chemistry and other
sciences to reduces the adverse impact on environment.

Green chemistry is a production process that would bring

about minimum pollution or deterioration to the
environment.

Catalysis which has played such a vital role in the

success of the industry in 20th century, will also play an
important role in the new greener industry of the new
century.

2009
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 Sustainability
 Meeting the needs of the present generation without
compromising the needs of future generations
Is the goal

 Green chemistry: technologies of the invention, design

and application of chemical products and processes to
reduce or to eliminate the use and generation of hazardous
substances ,and where possible utilize renewable raw
materials
is the means

Primary pollution prevention not remediation

Use of chemistry for improved environmental performance

zenab_77@mans.edu.eg
As human beings --- we are part of the environment
The way in which we interact with our environment influences
the quality of our lives

Sustainable
development Industrial
the goal ecology

Green
Chemistry
A tool

Green chemistry, lies at the heart of the industrial ecology

Green chemistry, is called also Benign chemistry or clean chemistry for
sustainability  Refers to the field of chemistry dealing with

1- Synthesis (the path to making chemicals)

2- Processing (the actual making of chemicals)

3- Use of chemicals that reduce risks to humans and impact

on the environment

Green chemistry education: A key to sustain the

development of new educational materials
Green Chemistry Is About...

Waste

Materials
Hazard

Risk

Energy

Cost

2009
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Principles of Green Chemistry
Prevent waste.
Design safer chemicals and products.
Design less hazardous chemical syntheses.
Use renewable feed stocks.
Use catalysts, not stoichiometric reagents: Catalysts are used in small amounts
and can carry out a single reaction many times. They are preferable to stoichiometric
reagents, which are used in excess and work only once.
Avoid chemical derivatives: Avoid using blocking or protecting groups or any
temporary modifications if possible. generate waste.
Maximize atom economy.
Use safer solvents and reaction conditions
Increase energy efficiency.
Design chemicals and products to degrade after use.
Analyze in real time to prevent pollution.
Minimize the potential for accidents.
Originally published by Paul Anastas and John Warner in Green Chemistry:
Theory and Practice (Oxford University Press: New York, 1998).
Just we need to change our mind set and
applying the concept in

Classrooms

laboratory

manufacture

And finally the surrounding environment

 If the chemical reaction of the type

 A+B P+W

 Find alternate A or B to avoid W

 Example 1:

 Disinfection of water by chlorination. Chlorine

oxidizes the pathogens there by killing them, but
at the same time forms harmful chlorinated
compounds.

 A remedy is to use another oxidant, such as

O3 or supercritical water oxidation

 Example 2 of green chemistry
 Production of allyl alcohol CH2=CHCH2OH

 Traditional route: Alkaline hydrolysis of allyl chloride, which

generates the product and hydrochloric acid as a by-product

CH2=CHCH2Cl + H2O CH2=CHCH2OH + HCl

problem product

 Greener route, to avoid chlorine: Two-step using propylene

(CH2=CHCH3), acetic acid (CH3COOH) and oxygen (O2)
CH2=CHCH3 + CH3COOH + 1/2 O2 CH2=CHCH2OCOCH3 + H2O

CH2=CHCH2OCOCH3 + H2O CH2=CHCH2OH + CH3COOH

 Added benefit: The acetic acid produced in the 2nd reaction can
be recovered and used again for the 1st reaction, leaving no
unwanted by-product. 2009
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APPLICATION OF GREEN
CHEMISTRY
 PREPARATION OF IBUPROFEN AS A NON-
STEROID ANTI-INFLAMMATORY DRUG WAS
VERY SUCCESSFUL AND ITS SALES WERE
INCREASED SUBSTANTIALLY IN THE LAST
DECADES.
 SYSTHESIS OF IBUPROFEN

Entomology 2008 zenab_77@mans.edu.eg

2. ADPIC ACID
MALIC ANHYDRIDE
 Example 3 of green chemistry
 Production of styrene (=benzene ring with CH=CH2 tail)

 Traditional route: Two-step method starting with benzene,

which is carcinogenic) and ethylene to form ethylbenzene,
followed by dehydrogenation to obtain styrene
CH2CH3
catayst
+ H2C=CH2

ethylbenzene
CH2-CH3 CH=CH2
catayst

styrene
ethylbenzene

 Greener route: To avoid benzene, start with xylene (cheapest

source of aromatics and environmentally safer than benzene).

 Another option, still under development, is to start with

toluene (benzene ring with CH3 tail).
 Chemistry students need to be encouraged to
consider the principles of green chemistry when
designing processes and choosing reagents

Interactive Teaching Units (ITU) have been

developed specifically to introduce undergraduate
students to green chemistry

There are numerous scholarships and grants

available for researchers and young scholars who are
furthering the goals of green chemistry

2009
zenab_77@mans.edu.eg
 Green Chemistry:
Preventing Pollution
Sustaining the Earth

Green chemistry has come a long way since its birth in 1991,
growing from a small grassroots idea into a new approach to
scientifically-based environmental protection
All over the world, governments and industries are working
with “green” chemists to transform the economy into a
sustainable enterprise
Who knows? Green chemistry may be the next social
movement that will set aside all the world’s differences and
allow for the creation of an environmentally commendable
civilization
http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/

http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/pubs/educat.html

http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/

http://www.epa.gov/greenchemistry/pubs/principles.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_chemistry