Lesson 3: Worksheet

I. Define the following terms using your own words:

a. Weed Science - is the study of vegetation management in agricultural production systems,

natural areas, and managed properties in residential and urban areas

b. Weeds - A weed is a plant considered undesirable in a particular situation, "a plant in the
wrong place", or a plant growing where it is not wanted

c. Allelopathy - Allelopathy is a biological phenomenon by which an organism produces one or

more biochemicals that influence the germination, growth, survival, and reproduction of other
organisms.

d. Common weeds - common weeds, including dandelion, wild violet, bindweed, wild garlic,
thistle, chickweed, oxalis and garlic mustard.

e. Noxious weeds - harmful weed or injurious weed is a weed that has been designated by an
agricultural or other governing authority as a plant that is injurious to agricultural or
horticultural crops, natural habitats or ecosystems, or humans or livestock.

f. Interspecific competition - is the competition between individuals of different species.

g. Intraspecific competition - is an interaction in population ecology, whereby members of the

same species compete for limited resources.

h. Phytoncide - are volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or “essential oils” given off by trees.

i. Koline - investment in innovation can we help farmers deal with the ever-increasing threat
from crop pests, while also meeting more exacting societal.

j. Asexual reproduction - is a type of reproduction that does not involve the fusion of gametes
or change in the number of chromosomes.

II. Differentiate the three (3) classification of weeds:

Mode of Comparison Grasses Sedges Broadleave

Stem Shape mostly hollow, triangular in cross- Alternate, simple,

cylindrical. section, three sided, variable in shape and
especially towards size, blades are ovate
the base of the stem. to lanceolate.
 Cotyledon highly modified leaf seed leaf within the Cotyledons are the seed
composed of a embryo of a seed leaves. As a broadleaf
scutellum and a weed species seed
coleoptile. germinates, the seed
leaves expand and start
giving farmers
problems.

Leaf Venetion parallel leaf venation Sedge stems are solid, those with leaves that
pattern and unlike grasses, have a flat, relatively
they don't have nodes broad surface.
or joints.

Root System the primary roots that fibrous root system Broad-leaved
develop from the deciduous trees, shed
embryo during seed all their leaves every
germination, and the year during the
adventitious roots period
that emerge from
nodes of the crown
and lateral stems.

Habitat Grassland habitats sunny, moist to wet This priority habitat

habitats such as fresh encompasses all
and salt marshes, woodland which is
pond and lakeshores, not ancient
meadows, bogs, fens, (established since
wet prairies and 1600), and which
savannas, and moist contains
to wet tundra. predominantly
broadleaf species.

Three Example Scutch Grass, Pampas Nut Grass, Yellow Beech, Poplar and
Grass and Lawngrass Nutsedge and Walnut
Schoenoplectus