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Assignment 2: Kinematics

Exercise 1:
A car travels 50 km/h for the first 50 km. After that, he increased his speed and travel at
80 km/h for the next 40 km. Assuming no time loss due to acceleration, what is his
average speed for the whole journey? (60 km/h)

Ans:
Total distance travelled = 50 km + 40 km = 90 km
Total time used = (50 / 50) h + (40 / 80) h (time = distance/speed)
= 1 h + 0.5 h = 1.5 h
Average speed = 90 km / 1.5 h = 60 km/h (total distance/total time)

Exercise 2:
Figure shows the speed-time graph of a moving lift.
(a) What is the maximum speed of the lift? (10 m/s)
(b) For how many seconds does the lift move? (25 s)
(c) How much speed does the lift gain in the first 10 second? What is its acceleration?
(10 m/s, 1 m/s2)
(d) What is the deceleration of the lift in the last 5 seconds? (- 2 m/s2)
(e) What is the distance travelled during the first 17 s? (120 m)

Speed (m/s)

B C
10

D
A Time (s)
0 5 10 15 20 25

Ans: (a) The maximum speed of the lift is 10 m/s.

(b) The lift moves for tad = 25 s.
(c) The lift gains 10m/s in the first 10 s.
Acceleration = (vb - va) / tab = (10 - 0) / 10 = 1 m/s2
(d) Acceleration = (vd – vc) / tcd = (0 - 10) / 5 = - 2 m/s2
Therefore the deceleration is 2 m/s2
(e) Distance travelled during the first 17 s
= Area under speed-time graph from (0 – 17s)
= [(10 x 10) / 2] + [10 x 7] = 120 m
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Exercise 3:
Figure 3 shows the speed-time graph of an object moving on a horizontal surface.
Given v1, v2 and v3 are 15 m/s, 21 m/s and 33 m/s respectively.
(a) Identify the period(s) where positive constant force(s) is (are) applied. Give reason
for your answer.
(b) Name the period(s) where deceleration(s) of the object occurred. Give reason for
your answer and comment on its (their) rate of deceleration(s).

v (m/s)

v3

v2
v1

t (s)
0 t1 t2 t3 t4
Figure 3

Ans: (a) The periods where constant force applied is: t = t1 to t2.

Reason: For this periods, the speed increases at a constant rate.

OR The change in speed per unit time is the same.
OR Constant gradient therefore acceleration is constant.

(b) The two time periods where decelerations of the object occurred are:
t = 0 to t1 and t3 to t4.

Reason: For these two time periods, the object travels at reducing
speeds at constant rate. The rate of deceleration between t 3 to t4 is
lower.
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Exercise 4:
Diagram shows an object moving with respect to time. In which region does the object
move at decreasing acceleration?

(a) A to B
V (m/s)
(b) B to C
(c) C to D
E
(d) D to E D
B

C
Ans: (d) A
t (s)
0
Diagram

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