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Assignment 4: 4-Mass, Weight and Density, 5-Turning Effect of Forces

Exercise 1:
A square box, with a base of length 20 cm and height 15 cm, contain 6 bags of sand.
Each bag of sand has a mass of 380 g. Calculate the average density of the box and its
content if the box has a mass of 560 g. Give your answer in kg/m 3 (473 kg/m3)

Ans:

Average density = total mass / total volume

= [560 + (6 x 380)] / (20 x 20 x 15)
= 2840 / 6000
= 0.473 g/cm3
= 0.473 x (1003 / 1000) kg/m3
= 473 kg/m3

Exercise 2:
An alloy of mass 12.0 g is composed of one part of aluminium and two parts of copper.
The densities of aluminium and copper are 2.7 g/cm 3 and 8.9 g/cm3 respectively. What
are the volumes of aluminium and copper in this alloy?

Aluminium Copper
(a) 4.0 cm3 8.0 cm3
(b) 2.7 cm3 8.9 cm3
(c) 1.48 cm3 0.9 cm3
(d) 4.44 cm3 1.4 cm3

Ans: c Aluminum = 4 / 2.7 = 1.48 cm3, copper = 8 / 8.9 = 0.9 cm3

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Exercise 3:
A mass 5 kg uniform metal bar of 3 m is being fixed to a wall and loaded by forces
shown below. Given that the bar is at equilibrium, determine the direction and
magnitude of the moment acting on Q. (40.58 Nm, anticlockwise)

45 N
3m
3N
Q 1m

4N

Ans:
Take moment at Q (Nm):
MQ = Sum of (force x perpendicular distance)
MQ = (3 x 0) + (4 x 3) + (5 x 9.81 x 1.5) – (45 x 1)
= 12 + 73.58 – 45
= 40.58 Nm (anticlockwise to balance)

Exercise 4:
A 10 kg uniform metal bar of 5 m long is stabilized by forces as shown below.
Determine the direction and magnitude of the forces F 1 and F2 required to balance the
metal bar. (3 N←, 35.5 N↓)
F2 4N

2m 2.5 m 5m
F1 3N
4m
P
10 g
10 N
Ans:
(a) Horizontal direction: Resultant force = 0
F1 + 3 N = 0
F1 = –3 N = 3 N ←

(b) Take moment at P (Nm):

MP = Sum of (force x perpendicular distance)
0 = (F2 x 2) – (10 x 9.81 x 0.5) + (4 x 2) – (10 x 3)
F2 = 35.5 N ↓
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