Name: Crezel Ain D.

Carreon
BSCRIM 2C

MODULE 2
THE LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL

Pre-test
1. TRUE 6. TRUE
2. TRUE 7. FALSE
3. TRUE 8. TRUE
4. TRUE 9. TURE
5. TRUE 10. FALSE

D. Activity: Film viewing and reflection paper

Film Title: “Ganito kami no0n, paano kayo ngayon?”

According to what the movie suggested, the Philippines was a Spanish colony in the 19th
century. Because of the cruelty of the Spaniards, the Filipinos lived in fear, which is why some of
them chose to live in the mountains as a place of refuge. They portray the priest as very powerful
in the film because they have influence with the Spanish government and a lot of wealth.

According to what I've read, the movie also portrays the Philippines in the 19th century.
exploitation of the Filipinos' position of power; turning them into slaves; making them labor for
the Spaniards; and killing some of them by doing wrong—even if just a little—for accepting
wrong. Filipinos suffered under the discriminatory and eroding Spanish dominion. The
revolutionaries are extremely cautious in all of their planned operations since opposing the
government is like committing suicide. There is a good chance that the government and the
clergy will support you and keep you safe if you are close to them or friends with them.

According to my analysis and interpretation of the movie, it shows how Filipinos tried to
establish their own identities when the Philippine islands were colonized by both the Spanish
and the Americans. The movie was able to speak to societal concerns that were prevalent at the
time, such as the abuse and mistreatment of Filipinos by Spaniards, the inadequate education of
Filipinos living in barrios and the countryside, and the struggle of the Filipino people to define
their own identity.

From viewing the great movie, I gained a lot of knowledge. The morals that this movie
teaches us are timeless. Being a Filipino is such a joy, knowing that our forefathers battled to
free this country from the control of our conquerors. The independence we have today was made
possible by those who came before us. Their unwavering devotion to this nation enabled us to
take advantage of the freedom for which they fought.

E. EVALUATION

I. Modified True or False

1. True

2. False, Jesuits

3. True

4. True

5. False, Jesuits

II. SHORT – ANSWER TEST

Secularization affected Filipinos' way of life in the 19th century by drawing attention to
the abuse committed by the Frias as a result of their blatant prejudice and opposition to the
movement. The control of the Freia grew so pervasive and oppressive as a result of their
systematic exploitation and interference in the political, economic, and social affairs of the
populace that Filipino propagandists and reformers demanded their deportation from the
Philippines. Then, this campaign had sparked Filipino nationalism, and the three victims'
executions were frequently cited as an inspiration for the Philippine revolution by Katipunan
leaders. They were also referenced in Jose Rizal's book El Filibusterismo.
 LESSON II.

The conditions in the Philippines in the 19th century

D. Exercise: Group Activity

POLITICAL

 The 19th century was a period of great political and social change, including social
reforms affecting education, poverty and public health, and reform of the franchise. The
Home Office was created in 1782 to supervise the internal affairs of Great Britain, with
particular emphasis on law, order and regulation.
 The Spaniards governed the Filipinos and the country.
 The Filipinos were sold as slaves to the Spaniards.
 Filipinos became the Spaniards' slaves, and they claimed their taxes and they worked
under the power of the Spaniards.

ECONOMIC

 Stimulation of agricultural production and export of sugar, rice hemp, and tobacco.
 The nation's output of goods and services had increased fourfold, and the proportion
contributed by industry had at least doubled, whereas the contribution of agriculture had
declined to less than half the total output.
 The opening of the Suez Canal curtailed the distance between Europe and Asia.
 Opening the Philippines to international trade and the rise of the middle class.

SOCIO – CULTURAL ASPECTS

 Racial discrimination was widespread

 Religious holidays are observed.
 Justice biases the prosperous and dominant.
 The tradition was blended in both Filipino and Spanish catholic.
 Social tension was created between and among classes.
 E. EVALUATION
I. TRUE OR FALSE
1. True
2. False, Apolinario Dela Cruz
3. True
4.True
5. False, LT. Andres Novales

II. SHORT- ANSWER TEST

By the late 18th century, political and economic changes in Europe were finally
beginning to affect Spain and, thus, the Philippines. Important as a stimulus to trade was the
gradual elimination of the monopoly enjoyed by the galleon to Acapulco. The last galleon arrived
in Manila in 1815, and by the mid-1830s Manila was open to foreign merchants almost without
restriction. The demand for Philippine sugar and abaca (hemp) grew apace, and the volume of
exports to Europe expanded even further after the completion of the Suez Canal in 1869.

The growth of commercial agriculture resulted in the appearance of a new class.

Alongside the landholdings of the church and the rice estates of the pre-Spanish nobility there
arose haciendas of coffee, hemp, and sugar, often the property of enterprising Chinese-Filipino
mestizos. Some of the families that gained prominence in the 19th century have continued to
play an important role in Philippine economics and politics.

Not until 1863 was their public education in the Philippines, and even then, the church
controlled the curriculum. Less than one-fifth of those who went to school could read and write
Spanish, and far fewer could speak it properly. The limited higher education in the colony was
entirely under clerical direction, but by the 1880s many sons of the wealthy were sent to Europe
to study. There, nationalism and a passion for reform blossomed in the liberal atmosphere. Out
of this talented group of overseas Filipino students arose what came to be known as
the propaganda movement. Magazines, poetry, and pamphleteering flourished. Jose Rizal, this
movement’s most brilliant figure, produced two political novels—Noli me tangere (1887; Touch
Me Not) and El filibusterismo (1891; The Reign of Greed)—which had a wide impact in the
Philippines. In 1892 Rizal returned home and formed the Liga Filipina, a modest reform-
minded society, loyal to Spain, that breathed no word of independence. But Rizal was quickly
arrested by the overly fearful Spanish, exiled to a remote island in the south, and finally
executed in 1896. Meanwhile, within the Philippines there had developed a firm commitment to
independence among a somewhat less privileged class.

Shocked by the arrest of Rizal in 1892, these activists quickly formed

the Katipunan under the leadership of Andres Bonifacio a self-educated warehouseman. The
Katipunan was dedicated to the expulsion of the Spanish from the islands, and preparations
were made for armed revolt. Filipino rebels had been numerous in the history of Spanish rule,
but now for the first time they were inspired by nationalist ambitions and possessed the
education needed to make success a real possibility. (https://www.britannica.com)