ASSIGNMENT-

1
COMPUTER APPLICATIONS FOR MANAGERS

PRESENTED BY:
MUHAMMAD MATEEN
ROLL NO. 10-NTU-5045
MBA 1ST SEMESTER
SECTION ‘A’
PRESENTED TO:
SIR WAQAR AHMAD
Table of Contents
COMPUTER SYSTEM AND INFORMATION SYSTEM.......................................3
COMPUTER SYSTEM...................................................................................3
1. Hardware:.....................................................................................4
2. Software:.......................................................................................4
A. Application Software:..................................................................4
B. System Software:........................................................................4
INFORMATION SYSTEM..............................................................................9
CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS...................................................................12
1. PERSONAL COMPUTERS:..............................................................12
2. MOBILE COMPUTERS & MOBILE DEVICES:....................................13
3. GAME CONSOLES:........................................................................13
4. SERVERS:....................................................................................13
5. MAINFRAMES:..............................................................................13
6. SUPER COMPUTERS:....................................................................14
7. EMEDED COMPUTERS:.................................................................14
SYSTEM UNIT..........................................................................................15

Table of Figures
Figure 1.Types of Hardware & Software..............................................3
Figure 2.Computer System.................................................................5
Figure 3.Computer System.................................................................5
Figure 4. PC Ports..............................................................................6
Figure 5. EXAMPLES OF PORTS..........................................................7
Figure 6. USB and FireWire ports (computer side of cable)...................8
Figure 7. Computer Categories.........................................................12
Figure 8. System Unit.......................................................................15
Figure 9. System Unit.......................................................................16
Figure 10. Mother Board..................................................................16
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

COMPUTER SYSTEM AND INFORMATION SYSTEM

COMPUTER SYSTEM
Computer system packages is your one stop solution for all of your
computers needs and download software including; Desktop computers,
Laptop computers, Monitors, Printers, Scanners, Drives, Memory,
Processors, Motherboards, Speakers, Video Cards, Sound Cards, Modems,
Cables, Networking, Media, Fans and so much more.
Computer systems may also be categorized into two parts such as:

HARDWARE SOFTWARE

INPUT DEVICE APPLICATION SOFTWARE

OUTPUT DEVICE
SYSTEM SOFTWARE

SYSTEM UNIT

STORAGE DEVICE

COMMUNICATIONS DEVICE

Figure 1.Types of Hardware & Software

3
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

1. Hardware:
These are tangible devices. For example Monitors, Printers,
Scanners, Drives, Memory, Processors, Motherboards, Speakers,
Video Cards, Sound Cards, Modems, Cables, Networking are the
examples of hardware.

2. Software:
These are the intangibles and also called the computer instructions
software may be categorized into two types:

A. Application Software:
Application Software is used for any type of applications,
games, entertainment and other productive database
activities. This type of software commonly understand the
language of binary numbers called 0,1. These actually
understand the programming language and are also the
programming compilers who convert the language in the
form of 0,1.

B. System Software:
System software manages the hardware operating systems
and makes easy the human computer interaction.
Following are the types of Computer System.

4
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

Figure 2.Computer System

Figure 3.Computer System

5
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

PC Ports

There are lots of external devices that you can connect to your computer. All
external devices connect to the computer’s system unit via cables and ports
(where a "port" is the slot into which you plug a cable). Unless you’re using a
portable computer, you probably have several external devices attached to
your computer already, including a mouse, keyboard, monitor, microphone,
and speakers, as in Figure 1.

Figure 4. PC Ports

Whatever external devices you have, they're all connected to the system unit
(where the actual "computing" takes place) via cables. Each cable plugs into a
specific port on the system unit. The ports are usually on the back of the
system unit. But they can be on front or side as well.

Everything has a name, even (believe it or not) those little plugs on the back
of your computer. Figure 2 shows examples of some ports. But your
computer's ports won't necessarily be the same.

6
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

Figure 5. EXAMPLES OF PORTS

USB and FireWire Ports

Of all the ports on a computer, USB and IEEE 1394 (a.k.a. FireWire) get all
the hype. There are several reasons for this: Both are new technologies, both
provide "hot-pluggable" connectivity, both provide very high-speed data
transfers. The hot-pluggable part means you can just plug in some device,
like a digital camera or video camera, and start using it right away. (The older
ports would all require you to shut down the computer, plug in the device,
restart the computer, then install the device.). In short, both USB and
FireWire are a lot more convenient than the older ports that preceded them.

7
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

So what are the differences? In a nutshell, USB (Universal Serial Bus) was
created as a general-purpose high-speed connection to the computer. It's
high speed makes it ideal for connecting digital cameras to the computer. But
it's good for lots of other devices too, like a Web cam, broadband modem,
whatever.

IEEE (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) 1394, also known

commercially as FireWire, is a faster connection than USB, but not as widely
used. In consumer electronics, it's mostly digital video cameras that connect
through a FireWire port. There are also some high-speed external disk drives
and networking components that can use that port. Because FireWire devices
are relatively rare, FireWire ports are also rare. Just about any computer you
buy will have at least two USB ports. But it's unlikely you'd get a FireWire port
if you didn't specifically order it with your PC. (Of course, you can always add
a FireWire port at any time. No problem there).

As though to confuse matters even more, the plugs for USB and FireWire look
very much alike. Each port type, however, has its own little logo, as shown in
Figure 3. As you can see just by looking at the plugs, the plug for USB won't
go into a FireWire port, or vice-versa.

Figure 6. USB and FireWire ports (computer side of cable)

Note that Figure 3 shows how USB and FireWire ports as they look on a
computer. On the device you're connecting (for example), the plug might be
an entirely different size and shape. Check the manual that came with your
device if you can't find the right plug.

8
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

INFORMATION SYSTEM
An organized combination of people, hardware, software, communication
networks, and data resources that collects, transform and disseminate
information in an organization.
So the Information System is combination of five resources:
1. People Resources
2. Hardware Resources
3. Software Resources
4. Data Resources
5. Network Resources
Technological resources of an organization are also called Information
Systems.
The largest growth in most economies is coming from 'information' industries.
The success of such knowledge-based organizations lies in their information
systems. Also, forced by technological change and globalization of markets,
many manufacturing industries are also placing increasing emphasis upon
information systems. Information systems are more than just computer
programs. Though information and communications technologies are playing
an increasing role in meeting organization’s information needs, an information
system is a much more general concept. It refers to the wider systems of
people, data and activities, both computer-based and manual, that effectively
gather, process, store and disseminates organization’s information.
Information Systems not Computer Science

Information systems, as a discipline, focus on exploring the interface between

management, information science and computer science. Computer Science
focuses on information technology: software. Information Systems mediates
the two opposing worlds of human activity systems and information
technology.

Career prospects in Information Systems

A recent survey by the Association for Computing Machinery established

buoyancy in the IT jobs market, exceeding that of the market at the peak of

9
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

the IT boom, six years ago. Also, throughout the current decade, salaries in
this area have increased, year on year. Consequently, knowledge of the state
of the art in information systems development, application and management
is at a premium in the workplace. This knowledge can be deployed in a range
of professional positions, including information systems consultancy, systems
analysis and design, and information systems project management. There are
also positions in research and education concerned with advanced studies in
information systems.

What can you get from an Information Systems course?

The value of the information systems professional stems from a breadth of

knowledge and skills. Requirements of an information system are to do with
the people and organizations that the system must serve, as well as IT
capabilities. Consequently, the field is a multidisciplinary one, which requires
specialist knowledge of the computer world, the world of organizations and
people for whom the system must process information, and the professional
skills and knowledge to make the former work for the latter. Not least, the
information systems professional will have communication and interpersonal
skills, for example, needed to elicit those requirements and communicate
analyses and designs to decision makers.

A graduate from an information system program will have studied each of

these aspects to acquire theoretical and practical knowledge which they will
be able to apply confidently in organizations of all kinds. Reflecting the
multidisciplinary of the field, Information Systems degree programs offer a
carefully chosen mix of social, management and technical aspects, such as:
information systems within the contexts of organizations, management and
the information society; computing knowledge and skills in programming,
computer architectures and networks; techniques for information systems
analysis and design, including database design methods, and related
professional and legal knowledge.

10
CHAPTER-1-COMPUTER SYSTEM & INFORMATION SYSTEM

After completing, graduates may go on to take up a specialist information

systems management positions - such as information systems manager, IT
manager, corporate IT administrator or information systems consultant, to
name but a few possibilities - but more broadly you will gain a solid
foundation for taking up a variety of work roles in this rapidly changing
society.

11
 CHAPTER-2-COMPUTER CATEGORIES

CATEGORIES OF COMPUTERS
PERSONAL COMPUTERS

MOBILE COMPUTERS & MOBILE DEVICES

GAME CONSOLES

SERVERS

MAIN FRAMES

SUPER COMPUTERS

EMBEDDED COMPUTERS
Figure 7. Computer Categories

1. PERSONAL COMPUTERS:
It deals with single person mostly e.g. PC Design, Apple, IM PC’s and
Machine Operating Systems etc. Microcomputers are often known as
Personal Computers (PC). Microcomputers include desktop computers,
tower model computers, notebook computers, handheld computers, and
Internet appliances.

2. MOBILE COMPUTERS & MOBILE DEVICES:

12
 CHAPTER-2-COMPUTER CATEGORIES

These are easily portable / movable from one place to another e.g. Cell
Phones, Laptops etc.

3. GAME CONSOLES:
These are used for gaming activities like, Gaming Computers and Play
Stations etc.

4. SERVERS:
Servers are the more powerful than all the previous types of computers.
These are used for Networking and Common Storage of data e.g. Mini
Computers.
A Server is the host or central computer that manages the resources on a
network.
A Server provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and
information.
A Dedicated Server is a server that performs specific tasks.
A File Server stores and manages files.
A Print Server manages printers and print jobs.
A Database Server stores and provides access to a database
A Network Server (e.g., a DNS) manages network traffic.

5. MAINFRAMES:
These are the more powerful computers than the servers.
A Mainframe is a large, expensive, but powerful computer that can
handle thousands of connected users at the same time.
Users typically access a mainframe via a personal computer or a terminal.
Typical users of mainframes include banks, insurance companies, and
airlines with sophisticated reservation systems.

6. SUPER COMPUTERS:
A Super Computer is the fastest, most powerful, and most expensive
computer used for applications that require complex and sophisticated
mathematical calculations.

13
 CHAPTER-2-COMPUTER CATEGORIES

Typical tasks carried out by supercomputers include weather forecasting,

space exploratory projects, and weapons research. These are also used
for high process and exploring activities.

7. EMEDED COMPUTERS:
These are the computers which directly control the machines.
An Embedded System is any appliances that contain a microprocessor,
which is pre-programmed to perform a dedicated task.
Examples of embedded systems are washing machines, rice-cookers,
microwave ovens, video recorders, laser printers, and calculators.

14
 CHAPTER-3-SYSTEM UNIT

SYSTEM UNIT
 It contains electronic components of the system
 It consists of:
 Processor
 Memory
 Adapter Cards
 Ports
 Drive bays
 Power Supply

Figure 8. System Unit

15
 CHAPTER-3-SYSTEM UNIT

The inside of the system unit on a desktop personal computer includes:

Figure 9. System Unit

o The motherboard is the main circuit board of the system unit.

 A computer chip contains integrated circuits.

Figure 10. Mother Board

16