DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

Region IX, Zamboanga Peninsula

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF ZAMBOANGA DEL NORTE
SIRAWAI NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
St. Mary, Sirawai, Z.D.N.

SUBJECT (CSS_10)

Name of Learner: _____________________________ Grade Level: _____________________

Section: _____________________________________ Date: ____________________________

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

Understanding Electronic Parts and Functions
Background Information for Learners

Electronic Components and Functions

Switch
Switches can come in many forms such as pushbutton, rocker,
momentary and others. Their basic function is to interrupt electric
current by turning a circuit on or off.
Resistors are used to resist the flow of current or to control the voltage
in a circuit. The amount of resistance that a resistor offers is measured
in Ohms. Most resistors have colored stripes on the outside and this
code will tell you it’s value of resistance. You can use a multimeter or
Digikey’s resistor color code calculator to determine the value of a
resistor.
A variable resistor is also known as a potentiometer. These
components can be found in devices such as a light dimmer or volume
control for a radio. When you turn the shaft of a potentiometer the
resistance changes in the circuit.
A light-dependent resistor is also a variable resistor but is controlled
by the light versus turning a knob. The resistance in the circuit changes
with the intensity of the light. These are often found in exterior lights that
automatically turn on at dusk and off at dawn.
Capacitors light-dependent resistor A capacitor is like a rechargeable
battery and can be charged and then discharged. The value is
measured in F (Farad), nano Farad (nF) or pico Farad (pF) range.
A diode allows electricity to flow in one direction and blocks it from
flowing the opposite way. The diode’s primary role is to route electricity
from taking an unwanted path within the circuit.
A light-emitting diode is like a standard diode in the fact that electrical
current only flows in one direction. The main difference is an LED will
emit light when electricity flows through it. Inside an LED there is an
anode and cathode. Current always flows from the anode (+) to the
cathode (-) and never in the opposite direction. The longer leg of the
LED is the positive (anode) side.
Transistor are tiny switches that turn a current on or off when triggered
by an electric signal. In addition to being a switch, it can also be used to
amplify electronic signals. A transistor is similar to a relay except with
no moving parts.
A relay is an electrically operated switch that opens or closes when
power is applied. Inside a relay is an electromagnet which controls a
mechanical switch.
An integrated circuit is a circuit that’s been reduced in size to fit inside
a tiny chip. This circuit contains electronic components like resistors
and capacitors but on a much smaller scale. Integrated circuits come in
different variations such as 555 timers, voltage regulators,
microcontrollers and many more. Each pin on an IC is unique in terms
of it’s function.
What are electronic components used for? Microcomputers are small computers used to control a
multitude of devices, such as power tools, remote controls, medical equipment and office machines.
Batteries convert chemical energy to electrical energy. The two different cells of a battery are anode (+)
and cathode (-).

Fuses help preserve components from overloading with excessive current. A fuse consists of connection
body, support, contacts and metal-fuse material such as Zinc or copper. As a protective device, a circuit
breaker can be controlled with a remote switch. It is designed to protect the circuit from overloading or a
short circuit.

Switches interrupt current. The four types of switches are: single pole single throw (SPST), single pole
double throw (SPDT), double pole single throw (DPST) and double pole double throw (DPDT).

Relays are electromechanical switches that shut power on or off. A relay includes an electromagnet, an
armature, a series of electrical contacts, and a spring.

Motors convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. Key components include a rotor, stator,
bearings, conduit box, enclosure, and eye bolt. From watches, to home entertainment equipment, to
vehicles; motors can power a wide array of devices.

What are active and passive components in electronics? Active components include transistors, while
passive components include transformers, inductors, resistors, capacitors. Transformers are commonly
used to step up or step down power. A resistor restricts current flow. It is used in thermistors and
potentiometers. Similar to a low capacity battery, a capacitor allows delays to occur in circuits. Inductors
are used to control frequencies.

Learning Competency with Code

Explain and understand electronic parts and functions.

Code: TLE_IACSS9-12TEC-IVc-e-25

Activity 1.

Multiple Choice: Group Option

Direction: Write the word of your answer on the blank provided.

Switch Resistors variable resistor light-dependent resistor

Capacitors diode light-emitting diode Transistor
Relay Integrated circuit

_____1. is an electrically operated switch that opens or closes when power is applied. Inside a relay is an
electromagnet which controls a mechanical switch
_____2. allows electricity to flow in one direction and blocks it from flowing the opposite way.
_____3. is also known as a potentiometer. These components can be found in devices such as a light
dimmer or volume control for a radio.
_____4. can come in many forms such as pushbutton, rocker, momentary and others.
_____5. are used to resist the flow of current or to control the voltage in a circuit.
_____6. are tiny switches that turn a current on or off when triggered by an electric signal.
_____7. is also a variable resistor but is controlled by the light versus turning a knob.
_____8. light-dependent resistor A capacitor is like a rechargeable battery and can be charged and then
discharged.
_____9. is like a standard diode in the fact that electrical current only flows in one direction.
_____10. is a circuit that’s been reduced in size to fit inside a tiny chip.
References for Learners
https://www.makerspaces.com/basic-electronics/
https://www.alliedcomponents.com/blog/essential-electronic-components-functions

Answer Key
Activity 1
1. Relay 6.Transistor
2. diode 7. light-dependent resistor
3. Variable Resistor 8. Capasitor
4. Switch 9. light-emitting diode
5. Resistor 10. integrated circuit

Prepared by

JENELYN C. RUSIANA
Name of Writer

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