ASSIGNMENT- 1

SWATCH FILE SUBMISSION

SUBMITTED TO - AKANKSHA DAYAMA

SUBMITTED BY- SHRUTIKA GUPTA

MFM/22/895
WHAT IS FIBER?

Fabric is cloth or other material produced by weaving together

cotton , nylon , wool , silk , or other threads . Fabrics are used
for making things such as clothes, curtains , and sheets

TYPES OF FABRIC

Cotton
Satin
Linen
Wool
Denim
Chiffon
Velvet
Georgette
Polyester
Polypropylene

FABRICS WITH PHYSICAL & CHEMICAL

PROPERTIES, USE AND THEIR PRICE
COTTON

Cotton is a natural, soft fibre that grows from the cotton plant’s seeds.
(Fiber, like hair, is long and thin.) After harvesting the cotton fibre from
the plant, it can be spun into cotton thread. The cotton thread can then be
turned into fabric.

Physical properties of cotton

Cotton fibre can be white, creamy white, or any other colour .

Tensile Cotton is a moderately strong fibre; tenacity
Cotton does not stretch easily at the break.
Moisture Regain: The industry standard for moisture regain is 8.5%.
Heat effect: Cotton has a high resistance to heat degradation.

Chemical Properties of cotton

Effects of Acids
Effects of Alkalis
Effects of Organic Solvents Effects of Insects
Effects of micro Organism

USE OF COTTON FABRIC

It is basically used for everything from jackets to regular shirts. It is used

in bedsheets and curtains at home. Its seed oil is used in cosmetics and
food. It is also used in coffee filters.

PRICE

The plain cotton fabric is 65 to 75 per meter

SATIN

Satin is more than just a soft, shiny fabric often used for fancy dresses. It
is one of the three major textile weaves, along plain weave and twill

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SATIN

Length
Fineness
Strength: Strength of silk fiber is reasonably good. Its tenacity varies
from 2.4 to 5.1 gram per denier.
Stretch and Elasticity: Extensibility is 15% when at break. Recovery
from stretch is 90% when extension is up to 2%.
Resiliency: Resiliency of silk fiber is moderate.
Abrasion Resistance: Its abrasion resistance is reasonably good.
Regain: Moisture regain of silk fiber is 11%.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SATIN

Effect of Bleaches
Effect of Acid and Alkali
Effect of Organic Solvent
Dye-Ability

USES OF SATIN

Satin is now used for wedding attire, prom dresses and other apparel
including lingerie and evening wear.

PRICE

Satin is 75 to 95 per meter

POLYESTER

Polyester fabric is a synthetic fabric woven with threads made from

polyester fibers

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYESTER

Elastic Plastic Nature

Thermal Properties
Moisture regain

Chemical Properties Of Polyester

Color fastness
Effect of Alkalis
Effect of Bleaches
Effects of acid

USES OF POLYESTER

Polyester thread or yarn is widely used in clothing and home

furnishings, including shirts and pants, jackets and hats, bed sheets,
blankets, upholstered furniture, and computer mouse mats.

PRICE

The price of Polyester is Rs 220 per kg

NYLON

Nylon fabric is a synthetic material made from petrochemicals. It’s

known for incredible strength, durability, and exceptional elasticity.
Also known as polyamide fabric, nylon is used for outerwear and
bulletproof vests. With a high water resistance, nylon is the number
one choice for swimwear.

PHYCICAL PROPERTIES OF NYLON

Tenacity: 4-9 gm/den (dry), in wet 90% of dry.

Elasticity: Breaking extension is 20-40%.
Stiffness: 20-40 gm/den.
Moisture regain: 3.5-5%; (not absorbent due to crystallinity).
Abrasion resistance: Excellent.
Resiliency: Excellent.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CHIFFON

Alkalis
Organic solvent
Flammability burns slowly
Dyes

USES OF NYLON

It is used for making toys and many other plastic utilities

The fabric is used for making swimwear as it is known for its waterproof
nature
The resins of the Nylon fabric are used for perfect food packaging
This fabric is used for tents, ropes, tires and various other military
supplies.

PRICE -Nylon per meter price is Rs 60.

GEORGETTE

Georgette is a light-weight, crinkled, and sheer fabric with a bouncy

appearance. Georgette is a strong absorbent with a dull-rough texture
that is easy to dye.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF GEORGETTE

Breathable
Lightwieght
Sheer
Crinkled
Nice drape
Hold dye well

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF GEORGETTE

Color fastness
Effect of Alkalis
Effect of Bleaches
Effects of acid

USES OF GEORGETTE

Georgette is often used for evening gowns, bridal wear, and special
occasions, but is a versatile fabric used for many different cuts of
dresses, including A-line, pleated, flare, and wrap dresses. It is also
suited for midi dresses and maxi dresses with both long sleeves and
short sleeves.

PRICE

Plain georgette price Rs 149 per meter

WOOL

Wool fabric is made from the natural fibres found in sheep, goats,
rabbits, camels, and other animals’ fleece. Wool is a remarkably elastic
raw material because it is primarily composed of keratin-based protein.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOL

Length: 35 to 250 mm
Color: The color of wool fiber could be white, near white, brown and
black.
Flame reaction: Odor of burnt horn
Luster: Luster of course fiber is higher than fine fiber.
Moisture Regain: 13-16%, very absorbent, decrease strength when wet,
seem warmth, will shrink in washing.

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF WOOL

Effect of Alkalis
Effect of Resistance to Compression
Effect of Resilience
Effect of acid
Effect of insects
Effect of bleach

USES OF WOOL

To make woollen clothes,carpet, quilts, blankets,craft, and accessories

out of wool

PRICE

1kg of wool we can get in 400 to 650

DENIM

Denim is a strong cotton twill fabric that is woven with indigo, grey, or
mottled white yarn. Denim is one of the most well-known and widely
worn fabrics, from classic blue jeans to jackets and dresses.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF DENIM

Elasticity
Strength
Growth
Shrinkage
Thickness
Weight

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF DENIM

Resin gives garment rigid look & harder look

Fixing agent improve the colorfastness
Bleaching is used as a color fading agent
Softener removes stiffness of the garments

USES OF DENIM

Denim is used for jacket, pant, shirt, denim wine bags, denim
pencil case, denim apron, denim pillows, denim quilt

PRICE

Denim price is Rs 100 per meter

VELVET

Velvet is a type of woven tufted fabric in which the cut threads are
evenly distributed, with a short pile, giving it a distinctive soft feel.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF VELVET

Breathable
Low streachble
Pilling is low
Abrasion resistance

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF VELVET

Color fastness
Effect of Alkalis
Effect of Bleaches
Effects of acid

USES OF VELVET

Wall hangings, dresses, eveningwear, formal robes, dresses, bedding,

hats, Upholstery, Velvet feels good against the skin which is why it
experiences high demand as furniture upholstery

PRICE

Plain velvet price is Rs 80 meter

Embroidery velvet price is Rs 180 meter
POLYPROPYLENE

Polypropylene (PP) is one of the most commonly used thermoplastics in

the world. Polypropylene uses range from plastic packaging, plastic
parts for machinery and equipment and even fibres and textiles.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE

Toughness and flexibility

Large thermal expansion
Luster bright to light
Resiliency good
Elasticity
Moisture regain
Color white

CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYPROPYLENE

Acid does not effect

Effect of bleaching is harmful action
Organic solvent
Dyes difficult to dye

USE OF POLYPROPYLENE

Polypropylene used for tote bags,ropes, twine, tape, carpets, upholstery,

clothing and camping equipment.

PRICE

POLYPROPLENE per kg Rs 144

CHENILLE KNIT

Chenille is a unique fabric characterized by its fuzzy piles

chenille is the name for both the type of yarn and the fabric that makes
the soft material.

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF CHENILLE KNIT

Fuzzy and soft texture

Nice drape
Iridescent
Durable

USES OF CHENILLE KNIT FABRIC

Chenille knit used for garments—especially blankets, carpets rugs,

sweaters, and shawls.
There’s something comforting and cozy about snuggling into a chenille
shawl.

PRICE

Chenille knit per meter price is Rs 200