PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT MODEL FOR

LINEAR INTEGRATED CIRCUITS AND MEASUREMENT LABORATORY

DISTANCE MEASUREMENT USING LDR

SUBMITTED BY:
AJITHRA S-2011060
AMBHIKA G - 2011064
VIDHUSHARANI R-2011066
EXP NO: 9
DISTANCE MEASUREMENT USING LDR
DATE:

ABSTRACT:
To measure the distance with respect to intensity of light using light
dependent resistor (LDR).

LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR :

LDR or light dependent resistor is also known as photo resistor,
photocell, photoconductor. It is a one type of resistor whose resistance varies
depending on the amount of light falling on its surface. When the light falls on
the resistor, then the resistance changes. These resistors are often used in many
circuits where it is required to sense the presence of light. These resistors have a
variety of functions and resistance. For instance, when the LDR is in darkness,
then it can be used to turn ON a light or to turn OFF a light when it is in the
light. A typical light dependent resistor has a resistance in the darkness of
1MOhm, and in the brightness a resistance of a couple of Kohm.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM OF WHEASTONE BRIDGE :

WORKING PRINCIPLE OF LDR:

The working principle of an LDR is photoconductivity, which is nothing

but an optical phenomenon. When the light is absorbed by the material then the
conductivity of the material enhances.

APPLICATIONS:

The important applications of LDR are,

✓ LDRs are used in Light Sensors
✓ LDR is also used in some cameras to detect the presence of the light.
✓ LDRs are used Ligh Intensity measurement meters.
✓ In the manufacturing industry, LDR is used as a sensor for the counting
of the packets moving on a conveyor belt.
WHEATSTONE BRIDGE WITH DRB:

Figure (a)

WHEATSTONE BRIDGE WITH LDR:

D = 0cm

Figure (b)
D = 45cm

Figure (c)

D = 90cm

Figure (d)
 RESISTANCE MEASUREMENTS:
DISTANCE RESISTANCE THEORITICAL STIMULATION PRACTICAL
(cm) (kΩ) VOLTAGE(V) VOLTAGE VOLTAGE (V)

0 1.2 0 0 0

15 4.5 3.91 3.21 3.42

30 13.7 4.15 3.98 4

45 22.9 4.22 4.25 4.3

60 36.4 4.25 4.27 4.36

75 44.7 4.45 4.32 4.44

90 58.4 4.62 4.44 4.52

WHEATSTONE BRIDGE IN SIMULATOR:

Resistance=1.8kΩ Distance=0 cm
Resistance=36.1kΩ Distance=45 cm

Resistance=76kΩ Distance=90 cM

INFERENCE :
From this experiment, we have inferred that when the light intensity
increases the resistances also increases. Based on this we can measure the
intensity of the light. The LDR can be used in various applications in real world
and is helpful in smart city projects.
CONCLUSION:
Thus we have measured the distance with respect to intensity of light
using light dependent resistor (LDR).