Planning and Scheduling of Renovation Project Report

Submitted in the partial fulfilment of the requirements of

The degree of
Construction Technology and Management
(Master of Technology)
By
ASADI REVATHI (22CEM7R24)

Submitted to
Dr. R. Ramesh Nayak
Assistant Professor
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
Department of Civil Engineering
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Warangal-506004
 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report work entitled “Planning and Scheduling of
Renovation Work Report” is a bonafide record of work carried out by
1. Miss Asadi Revathi (22CEM7R24)
Submitted to the faculty of Civil Engineering Department, in the partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the CPM Course of Master of Technology in Construction Technology and
Management at National Institute of Technology, Warangal during the academic year 2022-
2023
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to Express my deep sense of gratitude and indebtedness to our Professor
Dr. R. Ramesh Nayak Sir, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of
Engineering Warangal, for providing his valuable guidance, Encouragement, efforts in
completing my Assignment.
I specially acknowledge him for his advice, and support as and when required during
this task. I am proud to record that I had an opportunity to work under an exceptionally
experienced professor like him.

Asadi Revathi
 ABSTRACT
The aim of the present investigation is to develop an approach to do Planning and
Scheduling of our concern Renovation Project in order to optimize the operation and to
maximize the Project budget

Hence an attempt has been made to study the role of Planning and Scheduling in the
renovation work for successful completion of Project in the given Budget and Schedule time.
 CONTENTS

ABSTRACT...............................................................................................................................4
CONTENTS...............................................................................................................................5
LIST OF TABLES.....................................................................................................................6
LIST OF FIGURES....................................................................................................................7
1. INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................8
2. PROJECT DETAILS..........................................................................................................9
3. PLANNING......................................................................................................................11
3.1 Planning Process............................................................................................................11
3.2 Planning Approach.........................................................................................................11
3.3 WBS Work Breakdown Structure..................................................................................11
3.4 Renovation Plan.........................................................................................................12
4. SCHEDULING.................................................................................................................14
4.1 Network Diagram:..........................................................................................................14
4.2 Types of Network Diagrams..........................................................................................14
4.3 Terminology...................................................................................................................15
4.4 FLOATS.........................................................................................................................15
4.5 Scheduling of Renovation Project..................................................................................16
5. CONCLUSION.................................................................................................................19
References................................................................................................................................20
 LIST OF TABLES
Table 1 Project Details.............................................................................................................9
Table 2 Activity Details of Renovation Project...................................................................13
Table 3 Activity Details 2.......................................................................................................17
Table 4 Floats..........................................................................................................................18
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Schedule of Quantities..............................................................................................9

Figure 2 Schedule of Quantities 2.........................................................................................10
Figure 3 Project Planning Process........................................................................................11
Figure 4 WBS for Renovation Art gallery of Annexe Building.........................................12
Figure 5 NETWORK Diagram.............................................................................................17
 1. INTRODUCTION

Renovations are known to be complex building projects and are more prone
to errors than new construction. The need to carry out renovations while maintaining business
as usual, combined with stringent government building renovation regulations, presents with
significant challenges that affect its construction performance. Many of these Projects are in
urgent need of renovation to increase their revenue and also to minimize their operational
expenses. These renovations often need to be done urgently cause:

 Temporary closure of business building for renovation incurs lose.

 Forms obstruction for smooth running of business
 Renovation process shows impact on customers
 Urgent to occupants

Hence renovation projects need to carefully analyse and optimize renovation decisions
to maximize the revenues of Project during renovation work while minimizing their
renovation cost. These careful decisions can be made by proper Planning and Scheduling of
the project, in order to complete the project in given duration and budget. These Planning and
Scheduling process helps the project manager to take Decisions like:

1.Which Task to be renovated during the fiscal year based on allocated renovation budget.

2. Start dates of different activities in project.

3. Optimal use of overtime hours and number of assigned crews for each renovation activity.

4. Optimal renovation order.

5. Sequence of Renovation activities.

The present model computation is performed in two main modules which maximize
the revenue of Business project during renovation work while minimizing project cost

 Optimization Module – This identifies an optimal renovation plan to reduce the cost
of the project.
 Scheduling Module – These computes the start and finish dates as well as total work
distribution time for each renovation activity
 2. PROJECT DETAILS
Renovation of gallery area of Annexe Building near Court No. 24,25 & 26,27 in Patiala
House Court, in New Delhi has been chosen for performing optimization in renovation plan
and Scheduling.

1 Project Type Commercial Building

2 Name of the Work Renovation/Repairs
3 Client CPWD, Government of India
4 Contractor Shubham Construction
5 Location New Delhi
6 Estimated Budget Rs 10,69,689
7 Schedule of Rates Delhi 2021
8 Expected Completion Time 01 Month
Table 1 Project Details
 Figure 1 Schedule of Quantities

Figure 2 Schedule of Quantities 2

The proposed Renovation work need to be done in art gallery of annexe building
which is one of the commercial building types near New Delhi. These are Schedule of
Quantities given in the Tender Document, NIT NO 27/EE/LD/2022-23, of the project which
includes all the demolition, Repairs work which cost Rs 10,69,689 and the project duration is
given as 01 month.
 3. PLANNING

3.1 Planning Process

The concern project is a commercial building so proper planning need to be done to
optimise the renovation plan to optimize the time and maximize the revenue. This module
involves define the overall strategy for the execution of the work, involves a complete study
of project documents, and conducting site visits to define tasks need to perform. The steps
involve in following steps:

Decide the Approach

Define the Activities(WBS)

Estimate Activity Duration

Construct Network Diagram

Develop Logical Sequence of Activities

Figure 3 Project Planning Process

3.2 Planning Approach

As the concern project is small project, which is expected to complete in 30 days, so we go
for
 Delivery Method: Design-Bid-Build (Traditional method)
 Planning Approach: Top-Down (Diverse Approach)

3.3 WBS Work Breakdown Structure

Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is Hierarchical Decomposition of project into
different phases/ Levels of abstraction describing the project specific parts that need to
complete. The goal (Renovation/Repairs) of the project is defined and that statement is small
portions until basic project objectives are defined.

For our Concern project we have 3 levels in the WBS

 Level 1 Renovation
Purchase and
Level 2
Demolishing Construction Deliver
Materials

Level 3 1.Suspending
1.RCC Work Roof
2.Tiled Flooring 2.False Ceiling
3.Tiled Roofing 3.Painting
4 Old plaster 4.Flooring

Figure 4 WBS for Renovation Art gallery of Annexe Building

3.4 Renovation Plan

For the concern project after defining the activities, activity duration, sequence of
activities is estimated and designed

Duration: The time taken by the activity to complete the task.

Predecessor Activity: It is an activity that must be performed before a given activity can be
started.

After performing the activity duration for individual activity, sequence of activities the
project completion was optimized to 27 days which was with in the expected completed
duration of the project, helps in optimization of the cost and maximization of the operation of
the project.

The complete Activity Description and Sequence of Activities are given as below:
 Activities Description of activities Immediate Duration
Predecessor Activity
A Purchase and Deliver - 3
Materials
B Demolishing of RCC - 3
Work
C Dismantling of Flooring, - 9
old Plaster, False Ceiling
and Clean-up
D Centering and Shuttering A, B 4
of Suspending Roof
E Construction of False A, C 3
Ceiling
F Granite Work for Wall A, C 9
(Veneer Work)
G Reinforcement D 4
(Barbending, Placing)
H Concreting (1:1.5:3) G 2
Manually
I Painting E 7
(Putty, 2 coats of Paint)
J Flooring E 6
K Clean up and inspect J, G, F 2
Table 2 Activity Details of Renovation Project

(Alotaibi et al., 2021)

 4. SCHEDULING

Scheduling is the process of sequencing the work in the Time line, helps to determine
activity completion time. This involves establishing the Start and Finish times and to generate
the “Baseline Schedule”. There are a lot of Scheduling techniques like:

 Gantt chart
 Critical Path Method (CPM)
 Precedence Diagramming Methos (PDM)
 Program Evaluation Review Technique (PERT)

4.1 Network Diagram:

A network is a logical, chronological graphical representation of the activities (and events)

that make up a project. A network diagram is a graphical representation of a project's
activities and events. Shows how each activity in the project relates to other activities, the
order of activities, and that some tasks must be completed before others. The network also
helps determine the impact of early or late launches or targets and informs resource
allocation. Network diagrams have revolutionized construction project management.

4.2 Types of Network Diagrams

There are two main types of network diagrams in project management. Priority Mapping
(PDM), also known as "node networks" or "activities on nodes".

a. Activity on Arrow Method:

An ADM or Activity Network Diagram uses arrows to represent the activities

associated with a project. It is important to note that ADM is no longer widely used due to
project management limitations. Still, understanding ADM is helpful. That way you can find
these charts when they appear in your working environment.

b. Precedence Diagram Method:

Commonly used in project management today, PDM network diagrams are a more
efficient alternative to ADM. In the priority diagram method of creating a network diagram,
each box or node represents an activity and arrows represent the relationships between the
various activities. Therefore, arrows can represent all four possible relationships.
“Finish to Start” (FS): If one activity cannot start before another activity finishes.

“Start to Start” (SS): If two activities can start at the same time

“Finish to Finish” (FF): If two tasks must finish together

“Start to Finish” (SF): This is abnormal It is a valid dependency and is only used when an
activity cannot be finished until another activity is started.

4.3 Terminology

Early Start: The earliest a particular activity can start is indicated by the early start date. The
project start date should be used as the starting point for all activities that have no previous
activity for calculating early start dates.

Late Start: To determine the late start date, start with the Project Completion Milestone and
use that date as the completion date of the activity that precedes it.

Early Finish: Early termination is the point at which all activities are completed as soon as
possible.

Late Finish: The date of the project is the latest time the activity has finished and can still be
completed on time.

Forward Path: The forward path is a strategy that follows the network chart to calculate the
duration of the project and identify its critical paths or floats.

Backward Pass: You need to go back to earnings to calculate delays in starting or to

determine if there are gaps in your activity.

4.4 FLOATS
Float is the amount of time an activity, network route, or project can be delayed after starting
early without affecting the project's completion date.

Total Float – Total Float is the amount of time a job or project can be postponed without
affecting the total time required to complete the project. Total

Float = Late Start - Early Start (or) Late Finish - Early Finish

Free Float - Free Float is the amount of time a task can be delayed without affecting
subsequent tasks.
Free Float = Minimum of (Early Start of Successor Activity) - Early End

Interference Float - The portion of total float known as interference float is the component
that lowers the float of the successor activity. This is the longer time interval between the
action in question and its latest end and earliest start times, or zero.

Interfering Float=Total Float - Free Float

Independent Float - Independent float is part of Total Float that allows you to shift the start
time of an activity without affecting the float of the previous activity. For activities, it is
calculated by subtracting the end event buffer from the total buffer.

Independent Float=Minimum (Early start of next activity) - Maximum (Early finish of

previous activity) - Duration

4.5 Scheduling of Renovation Project

For the concern project the Scheduling process is done by adopting the following techniques
Technique: Precedence Diagram Method
Network: AON Network

Activities Description of Immediate Relation Duration

activities
Predecessor
Activity
A Purchase and Deliver - - 3
Materials
B Demolishing of RCC - - 3
Work
C Dismantling of - - 9
Flooring, old Plaster,
False Ceiling and
Clean-up
D Centering and A, B FS 4
Shuttering of
Suspending Roof
E Construction of False A, C FS 3
Ceiling
 F Granite Work for Wall A, C FS 9
(Veneer Work)
G Reinforcement D SS3 4
(Barbending, Placing)
H Concreting (1:1.5:3) G FS 2
Manually
I Painting E FS 7
(Putty, 2 coats of
Paint)
J Flooring E 6
K Clean up and inspect F, J FS 2
H FS7
Table 3 Activity Details 2

Figure 5 NETWORK Diagram

Critical Path- A-E-I-J-K

Time of Completion – 27 days
 Activity ES EF LS LF TF FF Ind F Int F
A 0 3 13 16 0 0 0 0
B 0 3 13 16 0 0 0 0
C 0 9 0 9 0 0 0 0
D 3 7 16 20 13 0 -14 13
E 9 12 9 12 0 0 0 0
F 9 18 16 25 7 7 7 0
G 6 10 19 23 13 0 -14 13
H 10 12 23 25 13 0 0 0
I 12 19 12 19 0 0 0 0
J 19 25 19 25 0 0 0 0
K 25 27 25 27 0 0 0 0
Table 4 Floats

Hence these are the different floats available for the Non-Critical Activities which
can be delayed in the given Floats without affecting the total time of completion of
Renovation project of our concern project of Art gallery area of Annexe Building
 5. CONCLUSION

Proper Planning and Scheduling process for the concern

Renovation/Repairs of Art gallery of annexe building had optimized the project completion
time by 27 Days where as Estimated time is 30 Days. The critical path is defined which affect
the project completion time, the floats of non-critical are calculated to know up to how extent
the activity can be delayed without affection the completion time of the project.
 References

https://etender.cpwd.gov.in/tenderAwardedDetails.html#
Alotaibi, M., El-Rayes, K., Altuwaim, A., & Alomani, A. (2021). Optimal planning of hotel
renovation projects. Buildings, 11(12). https://doi.org/10.3390/buildings11120658