NCM 112 (FINALS)

LESSON 1
LEARNING ACTIVITY 1: ESSAY
1. Preoperative assessment helps the healthcare team to identify any concerns that the patient might have that
may affect the success and outcome of the surgical process. Before any surgical treatment is initiated, a health
history is obtained, a physical examination is performed during which vital signs are noted, and a database is
established for future comparisons, also patient's nutritional status identifies factors that can affect the patient's
surgical course. Nursing intervention include providing patient teaching, teach the patient how to promote
optimal lung expansion by deep breathing, coughing, and incentive spirometry, and also pain management.
2. A medication history is obtained because of the possible effects of medications on the patient's perioperative
course, including the possibility of drug interactions. Assessment of the patient’s psychosocial history, physical
examination, and known allergies should also be recorded. Aspirin is a common OTC medication that inhibits
platelet aggregation; therefore, it is prudent to stop aspirin at least 7 to 10 days before surgery if possible,
especially for surgeries in which excess bleeding would cause significant complications. Explain the possible
effects on the medication that might influence the surgery and recovery. Obese patient is more prone to
postoperative immobility, so a good preoperative teaching that describes turning, coughing deep breathing and
moving after surgery is important.
3. A Latex Allergy Assessment Form is given to the patient during a preoperative evaluation to assist diagnose
latex allergy. A latex allergy medical alert bracelet must be worn by the patient. The American Orthopaedic
Research Network (AORN) has established standards of treatment for patients with latex allergies. All latex-
containing products must be taken out of the patient's care area. The patient's latex allergy also needs to be
documented in case notes.

LEARNING ACTIVITY 2: SHORT ANSWER

1. when the decision to proceed with surgical intervention is made; is transferred onto the operating table.
2. is transferred onto the OR table; the patient is admitted to the PACU.
3. the number and severity of coexisting health problems and the nature and duration of the operative procedure.
4. respiratory and cardiac complications
5. it is invasive, requires sedation or anesthesia, it involves radiation, and it has a slight risk of potential harm
6. hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, acidosis, and glucosuria.
7. at least 7 to 10 days; inhibiting platelet aggregation
8. Dehydration, hypovolemia, and electrolyte imbalances
9. improve circulation, prevent venous stasis, and promote optimal respiratory function

LEARNING ACTIVITY 3: MATCHING TYPE

1. D.

2. B.

3. A.

4. C.

5. E.
SELF-ASSESSMENT
1. C. 6. A. 11. D. 16. D. 21. D.
2. B. 7. A. 12. B. 17. D. 22. D.
3. A. 8. A. 13. A. 18. A. 23. A.
4. D. 9. C. 14. D. 19. A. 24. A.
5. C. 10. A. 15. D. 20. A. 25. C.