h) Justification

This involves facts concerning the idea inform of data and figures. It is a good reason of
doing something

Justification is giving reason for making the program and why one must see the program. It
involves facts concerning the idea, thus show adequate ground, enough for the purpose as
to why you want to do the program. Justification is used to tell why the audience will receive
such a program and why you believe without the program the audience will have a problem.

It is written from a research work, example, After 10 days of research it emerged that…

i) Treatment

This is the sequence, arrangement, format, run, presentation and the packaging of the
program.

It’s the story of the program presented in a straightforward, plain language without
technical jargons and it indicates the methods of presentation.

This section outlines how the story will be told.

Treatment entails a brief process of description of how the writer sees the program and
displays the content of the program reflecting its audio and visual interpretation of
the subject.

This is a brief content of the program and the duration of the program.

NB. How is the sequence and format going to run from the beginning to the end?

Explain the prose of the program indicating where there is sound effects, music, and etc

Indicate the jargons to be used in the program if any.

j) Budget

It is a plan on how to spend money. It includes above the line and below the line. The
producer should budget for everything – transport, costumes, hiring equipment hiring
locations, props, equipment repair, food, personnel etc.

Sample Budget
NO. ITEM DESCRIPTION PRICE PER NO. OF QUANTITY PRICE PER
DAY DAYS EPISODE

PERSONNEL
1. Producer 10,000 1 1 10,000

2. Asst. Producer 5,000 1 1 5,000

3. Director 10,000 1 1 10,000

4. Asst. Director 5,000 1 1 5,000

5. Researcher 8,000 5 40,000

6. Script writer 1 UNIT 15,000

7. Script editor 1 UNIT 15,000

8. Host 10,000 1 1 10,000

9. Set Designer 10,000 1 1 10,000

10. Floor Manager 5,000 1 1 5,000

11. Director of photography 10,000 1 1 10,000

12. Cameraman 10,000 1 4 50,000

13. Asst. Cameraman 5,000 1 3 15,000

14. Lighting Technician 10,000 1 1 10,000

15. Asst. Lighting 5,000 1 1 5,000

Technician
16. Make-up Artist 5,000 1 1 5,000

17. Vision mixer 10,000 1 1 10,000

18. Sound Technician 10,000 1 1 10,000

19. Asst. Sound Technician 5,000 1 1 5,000

 20. Photographer 5,000 1 1 5,000

21. Off line Editor 15,000

22. On line Editor 40,000

23. Graphics designer 10,000

24. Grip man 5,000 1 1 5,000

25. Logistics 3,000 1 1 3,000

26. Security 1,000 1 1 1,000

27. Outside catering 30,000 1 1 30,000

NO. ITEM DESCRIPTION PRICE PER NO. OF QUANTITY PRICE PER

DAY DAYS EPISODE

EQUIPMENT AND MATERIAL

1. Generator and fuel 30,000 1 1 30,000

2. Camera 10,000 1 5 50,000

3. Monitor 2,000 1 5 10,000

4. Lighting System 30,000 1 1 Unit 30,000

5. Diffusers 2,000 1 3 6,000

6. Cables 2,000 1 2,000

7.

8. Lapel/Lavalier wired mic 3,000 1 3 9,000

9. wireless mic 3,000 1 2 6,000

10. Digital still camera 3,000 1 1 3,000

 11. Crane 10,000 1 1 10,000

12. DVCAM Tapes 1,500 1 3 4,500

13. DVCAM Tapes 2,500 2 5,000

14.

15. Vision Mixer 25,000 1 1 25,000

16. Sound Mixer 10,000 1 1 10,000

17. Stationary and Printing 2,000

18. Internet 1,000

19. Calling Cards 2,000

20. Medicare 5,000

21. TV Airtime 400,000

SUB TOTAL 1 KShs.

VAT 16% KShs.
SUB TOTAL 2 KShs.
Miscellaneous 10 to 12% KShs.
GRAND TOTAL KShs.

Location Survey

A location is any place other than the studio where production shooting is planned to take
place.

Location survey is the examination of a location or spot in order to obtain data or

information. Location survey is an assessment of a proposed shoot location that includes
placement of cameras and lights, available power supply, equipment necessary,
accommodation needed for the talent and crews members etc.

This information includes feasibility reporting and estimation of cost and time required to
perform a certain task.
Location survey is a vital process in the preproduction stage of film making and commercial
photography. Once script writers, producers or directors have decided what general king of
scenery they require for the various parts of the work that is shot outside the studio, the
search for suitable place or location begins

TV/film Recce(Reconnaissance) is a media production term in the UK ,Australia , New

Zealand and South Africa which refers to a pre-filming visit to a location to determine its
suitability for shooting , including access to necessary facilities and assessment of any
potential lighting or sound issues and is closely related to location scouting. It is an
organized visit of all department heads with the director , director of photography,
production manager and the production designer to each location been used in the film
sometimes before the shoot start in order for each person to understand their work and
needs.

Recce is borrowed from the military expression of the same name which is derived from
Reconnaissance.

Reconnaissance is the military observation of a region to locate an enemy or a certain

strategic features.

Other considerations for a location include:

 Are necessary facilities, like restrooms, water, and food, readily available?
 Where will the electrical, camera, and audio cables be run?
 What kinds of microphones are needed?
 How much cable is necessary?
 How many crew members are necessary for the production on location?
 Where will the crew and cast park?

Location Survey Checklist

✓ Permission from property owner.

✓ Availability of electrical power supply.

✓ Placement of cameras.

✓ Placement of lighting instruments.

✓ Note the natural sunlight present at the location.

✓ Note noises that are part of the environment during various times of the day.
✓ Availability of necessary facilities.

✓ Equipment necessary for the shoot.

✓ The number of crew members necessary on location.