STA.

MARIA DELLA STRADA PARISH ENGLISH - VERBS LANDAS NG

KARUNUNGAN 2022 MODULE

Handout and Worksheet prepared by: Aliah Amisola and Nikki Bello

I. KINDS OF VERBS
A. Action Verbs
● Expresses action by describing the behaviour of a person, place, or
thing
○ May describe physical or mental actions
○ Simply put, an action verb is a verb that describes an action

Example: John thinks about moving to Alaska every day.

Example: The truck driver honks his horn when vehicles swerve into his path.

Tip: To identify a word as an action verb, ask yourself: “Does this word express
something I can do?”

Example: Mary jumped rope every Saturday.

Ask yourself, can you Mary? No. Can you jump? Yes. Can you rope? No.
Therefore, the action verb is jumped.

B. Linking Verbs
● Links the subject of the sentence with the rest of the sentence
○ Many are in the form “to be” or variations of it such as, am, has been, be,
being, shall be, will be, should be, were, and more
● Most often, they define or describe the subject of the sentence

Example: James is a nice person.

Example: The new cat could be a calico.

C. Helping Verbs
● Sometimes called Auxiliary Verbs
● Act as ‘helpers’ to other verbs
● Usually appear in front of action verbs and linking verbs

Example: The Girl Scouts are meeting after school today.

Example: We have been waiting for twenty minutes in the dentist’s office.

Tip: Helping verbs may function as action or linking verbs in other cases. To
distinguish between a helping verb and a linking verb, look to see whether an action
verb immediately follows the “to be” verb.

Example: John was wearing his lucky sneakers at the baseball game.

The action verb wearing immediately follows the “to be” verb was, so we know that the
“to be” verb in this case is a helping verb because it is “helping” out the action verb
 wearing

Example: “I was angry”

The “to be” verb appears alone, so it cannot be classified as a helping verb. In this
case it is a linking verb that describes how I (the subject of the sentence) was feeling.

II. VERB TENSES

A. Simple Tenses
● Most basic way to express action

a. Simple Past Tense

i. Used to express actions that are complete at any given time (recent or
distant past) or for any duration (length of event)
ii. For regular verbs, add “-ed” to the end of the verb to create the
simple past tense

Examples:
My voice echoed in the cave.
Garry walked to the park after he finished his meal.
We shared our meal with strangers.

b. Simple Present Tense

i. Used to express actions that are happening in the present, now,
relative to the speaker or writer
ii. Generally used for actions that are factual, normal, or regular in
occurrence, i.e. habitual actions, general truths, and unchanging
situations
iii. Can also be used to expressed habitual actions are actions that occur
in the present but are not necessarily happening right now
iv. Can also be used to express directions/instructions

Examples:

The Yankees win a lot.

This is sort of a timeless statement. The Yankees might not be playing
right this second, but it is understood that they win a lot as a team that
presently exists.

She bites her nails (habit).

Do not bite your nails (direction/instruction).
Skunks smell (general truth).
I live in the Philippines (unchanging situation).
We love chocolate cake (unchanging situation).

Tip: The simple present tense is not always used for actions happening
now. Sometimes the simple present can be used for things not currently
happening or for future events.
 Example: My plane leaves tomorrow at 11:00 am.
This sentence is in the simple present tense, but it
indicates a future event.

Example: Steve says you sold your house.

This sentence indicates an event that has already happened.

c. Simple Future Tense

i. Used to express action that will certainly happen at any time later
ii. Add “will” or “shall” before the first person present conjugated verb to
create the simple future tense

Examples:

They will go to Bohol tomorrow.

You shall see a concert this summer.

I will walk to school tomorrow.

B. Progressive Tenses
● Used to describe continuing actions—actions that are in progress and ongoing
● The progressive tense is formed with a “to be” verb conjugation and the
present participle of a verb (-ing ending)

a. Past Progressive Tense

i. To form the past progressive tense of a verb: Subject + was/were +
present participle (and “-ing” to end of the verb)
ii. Used to express:
1. Duration
a. Example: I was reading.
2. Interrupted actions in progress
a. Example: I was reading when he arrived.
3. Actions happening at the same time
a. Example: I was lying on the bed while I was reading.
4. Polite question
a. Example: He was wondering if you could assist him.
b. Present Progressive Tense
i. To form the present progressive tense of a verb: Subject + am/is/are +
present participle (and “-ing” to end of the verb)
ii. Used to express:
1. Actions that are happening now
a. Example: Maria is watching television.
2. Actions that are in progress
a. Example: We are choreographing a dance.
iii. Can also be used for future events: Subject + am/are + going +
infinitive
1. Example: She is going to take a test tomorrow.
c. Future Progressive Tense
i. To form the future progressive tense of a verb: Subject + will be +
present participle (and “-ing” to end of the verb)
ii. Used to express:
 1. Future actions in progress
a. Example: I will be finishing high school next year.
C. Perfect Tenses
a. Past Perfect Tense
i. To form the past perfect tense of a verb: Subject + had + past
participle of verb
ii. Used to express:
1. Completed action before another begins (both in the past)
a. Example: After she had called the customer service
department, she was able to resolve her concern.
2. Actions of duration before something in the past
a. Example: She had had the item for years without ever
calling the customer service department.
3. Conditional statements
a. Example: If she had called the customer service
department, she would have been able to resolve her
concern.
4. Reported speech
a. Example: My husband asked if I had called the customer
service department.
5. Show dissatisfaction with the past
a. Example: I wish I had called the customer service
department.
b. Present Perfect Tense
i. To form the present perfect tense of a verb: Subject + has/have + past
participle of verb
ii. Used to express:
1. Actions of duration that occurred in the past (before now) of
unspecified time
a. Example: She has passed the test.
2. Actions that started in the past but continue to the present
a. Example: We have been a family of four since 1996.
3. Actions that started in the past but stopped recently
a. Example: He has arrived.

Take Note: It is important to consider that the TIME of the present

perfect tense is unknown.

c. Future Perfect Tense

i. To form the future perfect tense of a verb: Subject + will have + past
participle of verb
ii. Used to express:
1. Actions that will be finished at some point
a. Example: By the time she wakes up, we will have
finished the movie.
2. Actions that occur in the future will continue beyond a certain
point in the future
a. Example: He will have travelled to the Philippines six
times by next summer.
III. SUBJECT-VERB AGREEMENT
Key: subject = italicized; verb = underlined

1. If the subject is singular, the verb must be singular too.

a. Example: She writes every day.
i. Exception: When using the singular "they," use plural verb forms.
1. Example: The participant expressed satisfaction with their job.
They are currently in a managerial role at the organization.
b.
2. If the subject is plural, the verb must also be plural.
a. Example: They write every day.

Take note: Sometimes, however, it seems a bit more complicated than this.

3. When the subject of the sentence is composed of two or more nouns or pronouns
connected by and, use a plural verb.
a. Example: The doctoral student and the committee members write every
day.
b. Example: The percentage of employees who called in sick and the number
of employees who left their jobs within 2 years are reflective of the level of
job satisfaction.
c.
4. When there is one subject and more than one verb, the verbs throughout the
sentence must agree with the subject.
a. Example: Interviews are one way to collect data and allow
researchers to gain an in-depth understanding of participants.
b. Example: An assumption is something that is generally accepted as
true and is an important consideration when conducting a doctoral
study.
c.
5. When a phrase comes between the subject and the verb, remember that the verb still
agrees with the subject, not the noun or pronoun in the phrase following the subject of
the sentence.
a. Example: The student, as well as the committee members, is excited.
b. Example: The student with all the master’s degrees is very motivated.
c. Example: Strategies that the teacher uses to encourage classroom
participation include using small groups and clarifying expectations.
d. Example: The focus of the interviews was nine purposively selected
participants.
e.
6. When two or more singular nouns or pronouns are connected by "or" or "nor," use a
singular verb.
a. Example: The chairperson or the CEO approves the proposal before
proceeding.
b.
7. When a compound subject contains both a singular and a plural noun or pronoun
joined by "or" or "nor," the verb should agree with the part of the subject that is
closest to the verb. This is also called the rule of proximity.
a. Example: The student or the committee members write every day.
 b. Example: The committee members or the student writes every day.
c.
8. The words and phrases "each," "each one," "either," "neither," "everyone,"
"everybody," "anyone," "anybody," "nobody," "somebody," "someone," and "no one"
are singular and require a singular verb.
a. Example: Each of the participants was willing to be recorded.
b. Example: Neither alternative hypothesis was accepted.
c. Example: I will offer a $5 gift card to everybody who participates in the study.
d. Example: No one was available to meet with me at the preferred times.
e.
9. Noncount nouns take a singular verb.
a. Example: Education is the key to success.
b. Example: Diabetes affects many people around the world.
c. Example: The information obtained from the business owners was relevant to
include in the study.
d. Example: The research I found on the topic was limited.
e.
10. Some countable nouns in English such as earnings, goods, odds, surroundings,
proceeds, contents, and valuables only have a plural form and take a plural verb. -
Example: The earnings for this quarter exceed expectations.
a. Example: The proceeds from the sale go to support the homeless population in
the city.
b. Example: Locally produced goods have the advantage of shorter supply
chains.
c.
11. In sentences beginning with "there is" or "there are," the subject follows the verb.
a. Since "there" is not the subject, the verb agrees with what follows the
verb.
i. Example: There is little administrative support.
ii. Example: There are many factors affecting teacher retention.
b.
12. Collective nouns are words that imply more than one person but are considered
singular and take a singular verb. Some examples are "group," "team," "committee,"
"family," and "class."
a. Example: The group meets every week.
b. Example: The committee agrees on the quality of the writing.
LANDAS NG KARUNUNGAN | Worksheet on Verbs

Part I: Multiple Choice

Instructions: Read each question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer
(10 points).
Panuto: Basahin nang mabuti ang mga tanong at bilugan ang letra ng tamang sagot.

1. My brother knows how to fly an airplane. He ___ a pilot.

a. are b. is c. am d. aren’t

2. Cath and Santi ___ very good friends.

a. isn’t b. am c. is d. are

3. I ___ learning English and Math.

a. am b. be c. are d. is

4. My brother and sister ___ twins.

a. we b. are c. am d. is

5. Where ___ my pencil?

a. is b. be c. are d. isn’t

6. The boys are ___ to the park.

a. to run b. will run c. running d. ran

7. My family and I ___ in Cebu when I was young.

a. lived b. live c. was live d. living

8. We are ___ Black Widow right now.

a. will watch b. watched c. watching d. watch

9. It ___ all week because of the coming typhoon.

a. raining b. will rain c. rains d. rained

10. She ___ her exam yesterday.

a. finished b. finish c. will finish d. finishing

Part II: Fill in the blanks
Instructions: Analyze the incomplete sentences. Write the correct form of the word found
in the parentheses to complete the sentence (10 points).
Panuto: Suriin ang mga kulang na pangungusap. Isulat ang tamang uri ng salita na mahahanap sa
parentheses upang makumpleto ang bawat pangungusap.

1. She was __________ the waves at the beach (watch).

2. She __________ her kite yesterday (fly).
3. I __________ in a bit (eat).
4. He is __________ the ball at me (throw).
5. They are __________ to the beach later (go).
6. We __________ the sunrise tomorrow (watch).
7. My dog is __________ around the house (run).
8. The cat __________ behind the tree last night (hide).
9. Her dad __________ the newspaper every morning (read).
10. The girls are __________ to their car (walk).

Part III: Identification

Instructions: Read each sentence and encircle the verb being asked for in the parentheses
(10 points).
Panuto: Basahin ang bawat pangungusap at bilugan ang salita na hinihingi sa parentheses.

1. Tim is throwing the ball. (action)

2. We have done our best. (helping)
3. They bought a new car. (action)
4. Harmony is tall for her age. (linking)
5. I do not want you to get sick. (helping)
6. The chips are salty. (linking)
7. It might rain tomorrow. (helping)
8. He might listen to you. (helping)
9. We were early for the show. (linking)
10. Could you help me? (action)

Part IV: Reading Comprehension

Instructions: Read, understand and analyze the reading materials. Read the
questions based on the reading materials and write the correct answers (10 points).
Panuto: Basahin, intindihin at suriin ang mga pahayag. Basahin ang mga tanong tungkol sa mga pahayag
at isulat ang tamang sagot sa bawat tanong.

About John
John has always traveled a lot. In fact, he was only two years old when he first flew to the
United States. His mother is Italian and his father is American. John was born in France, but
his parents had met in Germany after they had been living there for five years. They met one
day while John's father was reading a book in the library and his mother sat down beside
him. John travels a lot because his parents also travel a lot. As a matter of fact, John is
visiting his parents in France at the moment. He lives in New York now, but has been visiting
his parents for the past few weeks. He really enjoys living in New York, but he also loves
 coming to visit his parents at least once a year. This year he has flown over 50,000 miles for
his job. He has been working for Jackson & Co. for almost two years now. He’s pretty sure
that he'll be working for them next year as well.
(Source: https://studylib.net/doc/7658666/read-the-following-short-story-and-identify-the-tenses-used)

1. Based on the reading, give 1 word that is in the Present Perfect Tense.

____________________

2. Convert the word you answered in #1 to Future Perfect Tense.

____________________

3. Based on the reading, give 1 word that is in the Simple Present Tense.

____________________

4. Convert the word you answered in #3 to Simple Past Tense.

____________________

5. Based on the reading, give 1 word that is in the Past Perfect Tense.

____________________

6. Convert the word you answered in #5 to Present Perfect Tense.

____________________

7. Based on the reading, give 1 word that is in the Present Progressive Tense.

____________________

8. Convert the word you answered in #7 to Future Progressive Tense.

____________________
\
9. What is John’s hobby?

__________________________________________________________________
10. Where is John right now?

__________________________________________________________________

Part V: Writing
A. Sentence Writing
Instructions: Read and answer each question. Make sure to answer in complete
sentences (2 points).
Panuto: Basahin at sagutan ang mga sumusunod na tanong. Siguraduhin na sugatan gamit
ang kumpletong pangungusap.

1. Use Simple Past Tense in 1-2 sentences.

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

2. Use Future Perfect Tense in 1-2 sentences.

______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________

B. Essay Writing
Instructions: Read and answer each question. Make sure to answer in complete
sentences (8 points).
Panuto: Basahin at sagutan ang mga sumusunod na tanong. Siguraduhin na sugatan gamit
ang kumpletong pangungusap.

1. What do you like doing in your free time? (Answer in 4-8 sentences)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
2.
3. If you could do anything in the world right now, what would you do? (Answer
in 4-8 sentences)
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________